Memory Practice Test AP Psych

The three steps in memory information processing are...

1. Encoding, 2. storage, 3. retrieval

a police officer comes to talk to you about an automobile accident you may have witnessed the previous day. He refers to the crash as the cars "smashed" into eachother. He would more likely remember:

A more serious accident than if the officer has used other wording (ie hit eachother)

Hakeem has a very clear memory of his daughter's birth. He remembers the weather, what he was wearing, the sounds in the hallway, and the joy he felt. Psychologists would say that:

he has flashbulb memory for this event

Henry decided to organize what he is studying by paying attention to chapter outlines, headings, objectives, learning outcomes, and test questions. This best illustrates the use of:

hierarchical organization

The _______ is the neural center involved in processing explicit memories for storage.

hippocampus

While you were watching tv the electricity goes out. For a few tenths of a second you are still able to see the last images from the screen. This is an example of

iconic memory

Whenever Sunny gets blue, she immediately is flooded with thoughts of failed relationships and missed chances. Sunny's experience BEST illustrates:

mood-congruent memory

You hear a familiar word in your native language and it is virtually impossible not to recognize the word's meaning. This best illustrates the importance of:

automatic processing

Professor Mollier suggest that her students study for an exam in a room that has sound and lighting similar to their classroom. She wants them to consider...

the correct in which learning occurred

Our tendency to recall the last and first items in a list is known as...

the serial position effect.

Oliver is trying to make an online purchase, but he doesn't have his credit card. He calls his wife, who reads the 16-digit credit card number to him. Unfortunately, Oliver cannot remember the number long enough to type it into the computer. This is because:

the short term memory is limited in duration and capacity

the most common response to a traumatic experience include:

vivid and persistent memories

Jamaal has to make an important phone call. Unfortunately, his cell phone is not charged so he has to use his landline, which does not store phone numbers. To make the call, he has to get the number from his cell phone and remember it long enough to dial it on his landline. For this task, which memory is most important?

working memory

Mr. Nydam suffers amnesia and is unable to remember playing golf several times each week on a particular course. Yet the more he plays the course, the more his game improves. His experience illustrates the need to distinguish between

Explicit memory and Long-term memory

Ray was trying to determine of his 8-year-old daughter is telling the truth about and incident that happened when she was 4 years old. She claims that someone stole her doll then ran over it with her car. Her descriptions are rather vague. What are the chances this is real?

Because she is repeating the "gist" and not the details of the even, it is likely a FALSE memory.

You brother often pretends to listen to what your saying, but his attention really is focused elsewhere. When you ask him "what did I just say?" he can sometimes tell you? This is likely due to ...

echoic memory

Studying for your psychology test requires _______________. This means making attentive and conscious exertion, but it pays off with lasting and accessible memories.

effortful processing.

If you ask your classmates to draw either side of a U.S. penny from memory, the vast majority will not be very successful. This is likely due to:

encoding failure

although Ron typically smokes two packs of cigs each day, he recalls smoking only a little more than one pack per day. This exhibits...

motivated forgetting

George Miller's research on short-term memory capacity indicated that we can only store ____ in out short term memory

about 7 bits on information

Answering practice test questions about text material you have studied is a useful strategy for...

becoming aware of what you do not yet know

The happier Judie Feels, the more readily she recalls experiences with former teachers who were warm and generous. This best illustrates...

retrieval cues

When you encode a piece of target information, other bits of information become associated with it. The bits of information connected with the target information are known as:

retrieval cues

While taking an American History exam, Marie was surprised and frustrated by her momentary inability to remember the first president of the united states. This shows:

retrieval failure

When Yancy was sitting in the park one day he witnessed a robbery. When asked by the police to describe the young criminal, Yancy recalled erroneously that the criminal was a teenager rather than a young adult. Yancy's experience best illustrates:

the misinformation effect

Which of the following will you most likely store as an implicit memory.

your conditioned fear of guns

John has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, and while he is quite forgetful, his is still able to recall events from his teenage and young adult years. His ____ is still intact.

Long-Term memory

Which of the following is believed to be the neural basis for learning and memory

Long-term potentiation

Ralph came home quite drunk from the party on Saturday night. Luckily he was given a ride home. He threw his apartment keys down somewhere and immediately fell asleep. He may not be able to find his keys again until he is once again drunk because of:

State-dependent memory

___________ is a newer understanding of short-term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, as well as information retrieved from long-term memory.

Working Memory

Employing the single word HOMES to remember the names of North America's five Great Lakes best illustrates the use of

a mnemonic device

which of the following best describes the typical forgetting curve

a rapid initial decline in retention, becoming stable therenafter.

Memories of emotional events are especially likely to be facilitated by activation of the:

amygdala

Encoding is to _____ as storage is to _____

data input into a computer, data saved on the hard drive

The sense of familiarity without awareness of why is known as:

deja vu

Which of the following helps to retain information for a lifetime?

distributed practice

Six-year-old Fiona has no memory of a trip she took to the hospital when she was 2 years old, yet the rest of her family recalls what happened in vivid detail. Her inability to remember this event is known as:

infantile amnesia

When Katrina studied Russian in highschool, she accumulated a large vocab. Years later she went to russia to brush up on speaking the language. she picked it up much more quickly this time because...

it is easier to relearn; that is to learn something a second time.

Because of _____________, "hypnotically refreshed" memories may prove inaccurate, especially if the hypnotist asks leading questions.

memory construction

In an effort to recall his early life experiences, Aaron formed vivid mental images of the rooms in his childhood home. Aaron was engaged in the process of:

priming

Dr. Napleton prefers to give his students all essay and fill-in-the-blank questions to fully test their:

recall

In the movie Momento, the lead charachter has to write everything on his body and take notes. If he does not, he quickly forgets because an injury left him without...

short-term memory

It is not uncommon for us to recognize a person but to have no idea where we met them. Or, we may HEAR something but later recall that we SAW it. both types are known as

source amnesia

Ricardo distributes his study time rather than cramming because he wants to retain the information for the long-term. He is using the:

spacing effect.

the retention of encoded information over time is called

storage

In Atkinson and Shiffrin's three-stage processing model we record information in which order?

1. sensory memory, 2. short-term memory, 3. long-term memory

Memories of events occurring before the age of ____ are often unreliable.

3 years old

During a Spanish language exam, Janice easily remembers the French vocab she studied that morning, but she fins it difficult to recall the Spanish vocab she studied earlier, this shows...

Proactive interference,

Adam suffered a brain injury in a motorcycle accident that makes it impossible for him to form new memories. He can, however, remember his life experiences before the accident. Adam's memory difficulty most clearly illustrates:

anterograde amnesia