Methods of Microbial Control
phenol, phenolics, bisphenols
(chemical method) disinfectant and antiseptic
lyophilization
(cold method) not sterilization, not disinfecting or antiseptic ;bacteriostatic; dehydrate then freeze
deep freezing
(cold method) not sterilization, not disinfecting or antiseptic; bacteriostatic; -20 degrees
refrigeration
(cold method) not sterilization, not disinfecting or antiseptic; bacteriostatic; 4 degrees
chlorine
(halogen) disinfectant
iodine
(halogen) disinfectant & antiseptic
boiling
(heat method) not sterilization; disinfection; bactericidal
pasteurization
(heat method) not sterilization; doesn't kill all microbes
direct flaming
(heat method) sterilization; bactericidal
incineration
(heat method) sterilization; bactericidal; also destroys prions
autoclaving
(heat method) sterilization; bactericidal; quicker
hot-air sterilization
(heat method) sterilization; bactericidal; takes longer
non-ionizing
(radiation method) non sterilization;
ionizing
(radiation method) sterilization; bactericidal
biguanide
chlorhexidine
alcohols
works better against enveloped viruses
desiccation
bacteriostatic (dehydrated)
high pressure
bacteriostatic (fruit juices)
osmotic pressure
bacteriostatic (results in loss of water)
moist heat
boiling, autoclaving, pasteurization
filtration
can only be used with gas or liquid
water
chemical rxn of alcohol requires presence of ___
-20 degrees Celsius
deep freezing
halogens
not effective in presence of organic matter
dry heat
direct flaming, incineration, hot-air sterilization
biguanide
disinfectant; bactericidal to gram pos, gram neg
alcohols
ethanol, propanol
lyophilization
freeze drying
ethanol and propanol
not sterilization; disinfectant and antiseptic
ionizing
gamma rays, x-rays
halogens
iodine, chlorine
radiation
ionizing and non-ionizing
60%
lowest concentration of alcohol you can use
filtration
mechanical separation of microbes from product
moist heat
preferable (heat method) in terms of time; quicker
phenols
preferable in presence of organic matter
4 degrees Celsius
refrigeration
cold
refrigeration, deep freezing, lyophilization
filtration
sterilization; neither bactericidal or bacteriostatic