Methods of Microbial Control

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phenol, phenolics, bisphenols

(chemical method) disinfectant and antiseptic

lyophilization

(cold method) not sterilization, not disinfecting or antiseptic ;bacteriostatic; dehydrate then freeze

deep freezing

(cold method) not sterilization, not disinfecting or antiseptic; bacteriostatic; -20 degrees

refrigeration

(cold method) not sterilization, not disinfecting or antiseptic; bacteriostatic; 4 degrees

chlorine

(halogen) disinfectant

iodine

(halogen) disinfectant & antiseptic

boiling

(heat method) not sterilization; disinfection; bactericidal

pasteurization

(heat method) not sterilization; doesn't kill all microbes

direct flaming

(heat method) sterilization; bactericidal

incineration

(heat method) sterilization; bactericidal; also destroys prions

autoclaving

(heat method) sterilization; bactericidal; quicker

hot-air sterilization

(heat method) sterilization; bactericidal; takes longer

non-ionizing

(radiation method) non sterilization;

ionizing

(radiation method) sterilization; bactericidal

biguanide

chlorhexidine

alcohols

works better against enveloped viruses

desiccation

bacteriostatic (dehydrated)

high pressure

bacteriostatic (fruit juices)

osmotic pressure

bacteriostatic (results in loss of water)

moist heat

boiling, autoclaving, pasteurization

filtration

can only be used with gas or liquid

water

chemical rxn of alcohol requires presence of ___

-20 degrees Celsius

deep freezing

halogens

not effective in presence of organic matter

dry heat

direct flaming, incineration, hot-air sterilization

biguanide

disinfectant; bactericidal to gram pos, gram neg

alcohols

ethanol, propanol

lyophilization

freeze drying

ethanol and propanol

not sterilization; disinfectant and antiseptic

ionizing

gamma rays, x-rays

halogens

iodine, chlorine

radiation

ionizing and non-ionizing

60%

lowest concentration of alcohol you can use

filtration

mechanical separation of microbes from product

moist heat

preferable (heat method) in terms of time; quicker

phenols

preferable in presence of organic matter

4 degrees Celsius

refrigeration

cold

refrigeration, deep freezing, lyophilization

filtration

sterilization; neither bactericidal or bacteriostatic


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