MIS 2100 Final Review

What would be the output of the following? formats = ["slalom", "giant slalom", "super-g", "downhill"] print(formats[4])

An error, since there's no value that corresponds to formats[4].

You've just been made the requisitioner for a new software project at your company. During which of the following stages would you go about soliciting the wants and needs of people in the company who will be affected by the project's outcome?

Analysis

Python list allows

Appending additional items to it.

Anything that keeps a person from understanding the facts of a circumstance with perfect objectivity is called... (Choose the best answer.)

Bias

What would be the output of the following? corgtype = "Pembroke" print(corgtype[2:4])

mb

What would be the output of the following? m, n = "dog", "cat"x = m + "|" + nprint ("x is:", x)

x is: dog|cat

What would be the output of the following? autocorrectisawful = 4 while (autocorrectisawful > 0): print(autocorrectisawful) if (autocorrectisawful == 2): break autocorrectisawful -= 1

4,3,2

A primary key is

Required for each record

When I write a SELECT query via Python, each row of output is represented in the program as

A Tuple

As a professor, I receive an annual bonus based on the number of students I coerce into majoring in MIS, the amount of donations made by parents and families of students who take my class, and the percentage of students who say that my class was "good" (or better) in end-of-semester evaluations. These three measurements, then, could probably be considered... (Choose the best answer. Also, this doesn't really happen -- I don't get a bonus no matter what I do

KPIs

And then, if I DO see a rabbit, then I follow 10 very specific steps. If I don't see a rabbit, then I follow an entirely different set of 23 steps. This is an example of a(n)

Fork

Back in 2012, I went out and bought an Amazon Kindle e-reader device and then purchased a ton of books for it. These books were delivered in a format that can only be used by the Kindle. Later, I decided I'd prefer to use a different e-reader, the Intel Bookifier, but I didn't want to have to reacquire all the books I bought for my Kindle since that would have cost me a couple thousand dollars. As a result, I ended up keeping the Kindle and continuing to buy all my books for it rather than switching to the Bookifier. This is an example of which of the following?

Lock-In

One day, an elf jumps out at you from behind a garbage can and proposes a wager. He says that if the weather in Leipzig, Germany tomorrow is sunny, he'll give you $10, if it's cloudy (but dry) he'll give you $1, but if neither of those are the case you owe him $20. Helpfully, he also provides you data that indicates that the probability of sunny weather in Leipzig tomorrow is 40% and cloudy-but-dry is 10%. How much do you expect to win or lose from this wager (if you accept it)

Lose 5.90

After calculating the IRR, you compare the IRR value to the discount rate to determine whether the project makes sense. Why do you care about the discount rate?

It represents what the company would get back if they instead invested the money in an alternative investment such as the stock market.

What would be the output of the following? fred = 4 ** 2print (fred)

16

Often, when data from the data warehouse is loaded into a specific data mart

Data are denormalized into fewer tables

Which of the following best corresponds with the components that comprise a data ecosystem?

Data storage, hardware, processes, and reporting tools.

True or false: IT Infrastructures are always the result of detailed, intentional planning.

False

If I want to write a SELECT query that pulls records in which a certain field's value matches the value of a variable I declared in my program, the query I type into my Python code must

Include a placeholder.

While creating a flowchart, you reach a step that seems like an action, but also requires input. This step should probably be shown as...

Input

A professor who doesn't fully trust Canvas keeps students' actual grades in a spreadsheet saved on his desktop computer. From the university's perspective, this spreadsheet is an example of..

Loose data

What clause would you use in order to display a query's output alphabetically based on last name?

ORDER BY

Failures per day, explosions per week, and average monthly rumblings are all examples of which of the following?

Rates

Within a dataset, all the information related to one instance of interest (e.g., a specific customer within a dataset of customer data) is referred to as a...

Record

A company includes information about its customers in a database table called Customer. Each line within this table includes a customer's name, phone number, address, and date of birth. These lines are called...

Records

Databases

Rely on primary and foreign keys to relate records from different tables.

Which of the following SELECT clauses would you use if you wanted to show the average temperature (from the AvgTemp field) for each city in the City table, but with an additional 5% added to the average temperature to account for projected global warming? The correct answer should also rename the column of calculated outputs "AdjTemp"

SELECT AvgTemp * 1.05 AS [AdjTemp]

I need my infrastructure to be able to handle three times as much traffic next week as it does today. I therefore am really hoping that my infrastructure is set up to be excellent in terms of

Scalability

An IDE allows you to

See your code as well as your code's output when you run it.

To validate user input against data included in the database

Set up a while loop that continues until the user input matches the content outputted by the database.

When your program runs and the user is prompted to input something, the user's input

Should be assigned to a variable

How is spearphishing different from phishing

Spearphishing attempts to acquire the credentials of a specific individual.

You and I both go to the cryptography store on Main Street (near the breakfast district) and purchase identical decoder rings. This way, I can send you a coded message and you can decode it using your ring. This is an example of

Symmetric Cryptography

When an IT department develops a major new software system, they follow which one of the following?

Systems Development Life-Cycle

One big reason that ERP systems are widely used in large organizations is

To make it easier for top executives to know what's going on in the company.

After running a balanced scorecard analysis, the balanced scorecard showed that Option 1 had a slightly higher score than Option 2. After considering the analysis, the company chose Option 2 anyway. This analysis nevertheless likely represents a good use of time

True

I've found some really cool software that will help save our company billions of dollars. Unfortunately, it only runs on MacOS and most of the company uses Windows computers. One way to enable most of the company to use this really cool software would be through

Virtualization

Using a database that includes information about every opera ever written, I want to write a query that displays information about only those operas that were written prior to the year 1825. To do this, I would use which of the following?

WHERE clause

In Python, to cause a new record to be created in a table

You must first execute the query, then commit it.

When the query you wrote via your Python IDE causes an error in SQL Server

You'll see details regarding the error in the console.

What would be the output of the following? print ("cat")

cat

What would be the output of the following? formats = ["slalom", "giant slalom", "super-g", "downhill"] for x in formats: if (x == "super-g"): print("this one") else: print("nope")

nope, nope, this one, nope

After flipping an old coin from the Soviet Union 100 times, the coin comes up heads 37 times and hammer-and-sickle 63 times. The probability of the coin coming up heads is therefore

.37

The probability of Frank passing this class is 20%, the probability of Emma June passing is 10%, and the probability of Delbert passing is 50%. To the nearest tenth of a student, how many of these three students do you expect to pass the class?

.8

What is the maximum number of lines that can flow OUT of a process symbol?

1

In a company's database, a given table

Can include millions of records

A data dictionary

Describes every field in each table

Which of the following best corresponds with the idea of a "time-appropriateness" data quality problem?

In trying to predict who would win this year's dog show, Eunice used a dataset from 1993 exclusively.

Which of the following is most likely to have to handle hundreds of queries simultaneously, some reading data and others writing data?

Operational Database

Which of the following is NOT on the "client side" during an IT project's development?

Project Analyst

When there is a relationship between records in two different tables

The mandatory side donates its key to the many side

Which of the answers below correctly describes (a) a float, (b) an integer, and (c) a string?

(a) any real number, (b) any whole number, (c) any text value

The probability of Frank passing this class is 20%, the probability of Emma June passing is 10%, and the probability of Delbert passing is 50%. What is the probability that ALL THREE will pass the class?

1%

Which of the following is true regarding environments?

A software project is coded in the dev environment and goes live into the production environment.

Sometimes it's useful to "store information" within a flowchart (e.g., something that the user has inputted). We often do this by using which of the following?

A variable

Which aggregate function would you use (in the SELECT clause) if you wanted to know the total number of magicians in the Magician table who are from Albuquerque?

COUNT

When I use Google Docs, I create, edit, save, and share documents through my Web browser. In this situation, my Web browser is acting as a(n).

Client

Yolanda is designing a website. She has created, in Photoshop, a design that clearly depicts exactly what the website's homepage should look like. This design is commonly referred to as a

Comp

Because ERP systems are modular

Companies can add a new process to their already-established ERP system *relatively* easily.

The Bank of Perpetual Enlightenment, a financial institution, requires its customers to provide their username, password, mother's maiden name, and the identity of their favorite bird in order to log in to the bank's website to retrieve account information. These four items taken together comprise the customer's ________.

Credentials

In a balanced scorecard, Criterion 1 has a weight of 5, and Criterion 2 has a weight of 15. This means that, in the final calculation

Criterion 2 is three times as important as Criterion 1

Imogene is a bad person. Just for fun, she writes code that commandeers thousands of other computers connected to the Internet, then uses them to make fake requests of different Internet celebrities' websites such that these websites can't really provide information to the people who (for some reason) actually want to visit them. In doing this, Imogene is perpetrating

DDOS Attacks

My process needs to do one thing if I see a rabbit, but do something else entirely if there are no rabbits to be seen. What symbol handles this situation?

Decision

A proper flowchart progresses in what direction(s)

Down and to the right.

It's sometimes difficult for a hospital that wants to help a patient to get all the data they need about that patient (for instance, from the patient's own family doctor) due to restrictions on how healthcare data can be shared. The legislation that helps foster this difficulty is known as

HIPAA

Which one of the following is the best example of a project?

Having been given a court order to do so, Walter writes a one-page letter to his friend in Ottawa.

After years of study, you find that, on average, there are 4.1 house flies that come to your indoor house fly feeder during the winter months, but only 0.7 during the summer months. Which of the following represents a reasonable hypothesis to make given this observation?

House flies have fewer outside food sources when it's cold

During which phase does a new software project arrive in the production environment?

Implementation

Enabling different data points to relate to one another.

Is one of the core functions of a database.

When joining tables

It is necessary to match the foreign key in one table to the primary key in another within the query.

I just bought a brand new video game console as well as 30 new games that go with it and that are exclusive to my console. As a result, I'm pretty hesitant to switch my gaming away from my current console and onto a competitor console. This is an example of which of the following?

Lock in

Which of the following is NOT a forced entry threat that a company's IT security team needs to consider?

Malicious Insiders

For a midterm exam, student scores from Section 1 have a standard deviation of 15.5%, while student scores from Section 2 have a standard deviation of 38.9%. This tells us that, as compared to Section 1, in Section 2

More students' scores were probably further away from than the mean.

According to the Waterfall methodology

Once the planning phase is done, the phase is not revisited.

When using Percent-of-Range normalization

One criteria has a normalized value of 100% and another always has a value of 0%.

Because you decided to pursue a university education this semester, you therefore did not spend the semester teaching your nephew how to whistle. In this scenario, not teaching your nephew how to whistle can be seen as a(n)...

Opportunity Cost

I want to know what my brother's four kids think about Disneyworld. I therefore administer a survey to those four kids, with no intention of using the information to understand anything other than how those specific four kids feel. Therefore, in this context, these four kids represent a

Population

Some time after a new piece of developed software is completed and made available to end users, the development team (including the requisitioner) gets together to discuss how the project went. This meeting is referred to as

Post-Mortem

In the Python code shown below, assuming that tables and fields references are valid, what mistake, if any, is present? ix = 7cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM Dogfood WHERE Qty > ix")

Should use %d instead of ix in the query.

What does the FROM clause do within a SQL SELECT query?

Tells the database what table(s) to pull data from

When I tried to write Python code to run SELECT queries, it worked, but when I tried to use INSERT, I got an error back. Which of the following might have caused this?

The account I connected with doesn't have permission to make changes to the database.

Which of the following, if true, would make it MORE LIKELY that Agile would be a better methodology to pursue rather than Waterfall?

The client has only a vague sense of what the software should do.

Sally performed an NPV calculation for her company's proposal to build a nuclear power plant on the ocean waters right above the Great Barrier Reef. Her calculation showed an NPV of -$10 (negative 10 dollars). This tells us that

The company should not go forward with the project.

A development project is originally scheduled to take 12 months to complete. During month three, however, the CEO is told by the board of directors that she needs to show that she can get things done and that she has six months to prove it to them. As a result, she insists that this important project be done in only four more months. Given this new, accelerated timeline, which of the following is likely to occur?

The cost will go up and/or the scope of the project will need to shrink.

One reason that data must be transformed before being loaded from the operational database to the data warehouse is that

The data in the operational database may use different fields than the data in the data warehouse.

When establishing the connection between Python and SQL Server in your Python code, indicating "yes" for a trusted connection means that

The program doesn't need a user ID and password to access the database.

Which of the following is true regarding data marts?

They usually contain data specific to one function or group within the organization.

T/F If there's not a GROUP BY clause, there shouldn't be a HAVING clause.

True

If you ever take a job on campus (!), thereafter (almost) every time you try to log in to Canvas, you'll have to enter your A-number and password, then check your phone (or other device) to approve your own attempt to log in. This is an example of

Two-Factor Authentication

Because ERPs aren't perfect, many very large companies

Use ERPs for some processes, but not for others.

When completing a balanced scorecard analysis, all criteria values should

Use the same scale

At a certain point in the flowchart, different next steps need to be taken depending on whether the sky is sunny vs. cloudy vs. rainy vs. full of burning sulfuric clouds (i.e., based on which of the four sky conditions are currently in effect, the process follows one of four wholly unique sets of steps). Which of the following would facilitate the flowchart moving off into the correct set of steps based on the sky condition?

Using three different decision symbols.

Because the university is worried about unauthorized access to its networks, in order for you to access some university resources while at home, you first need to log in through the ________.

VPN

A dataset includes information about a retail company's 100 different retail products. For each product, the dataset shows the product name, the number sold in the last month, the average price at which each was sold, as well as the average cost of acquisition. Product name, number sold, average price, and average cost are, therefore, ...

Variables

Which of the following is a DISADVANTAGE of internally-managed infrastructure?

Your IT personnel need to be aware of all security updates and ensure that they are installed as soon as possible.

If you wanted to write a conditional statement that would be true whenever the integer variables a and b have the same value, which of the following would work?

a == b

If we wanted to output every element of the list named atrociousness, what word would you put in place of the placeholder marked <answer> in the code below? atrociousness = [1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19] <answer> y in atrociousness: print (y)

for

Your program includes the following line: cursor.execute("SELECT dogfname, doglname, dogage, dogspeed FROM Dog") What code shown below would print (to the console) each line out output returned by the query?

for zog in cursor: print(zog)

Given formats = ["slalom", "giant slalom", "super-g", "downhill"], if we wanted to add the value "ultra-downhill" to become the last element in formats, which of the following would accomplish that?

formats.append("ultra-downhill")

Assuming that the user's input is the word "giraffe", what would be the output of the following? stopcorrectingmyvars = input("How old are you? ") try: x = int(stopcorrectingmyvars) print("Your age: ", x) except: print (stopcorrectingmyvars, "is not a valid age.")

giraffe is not a valid age

Say you want to obtain an output of 10 using the code below. What should go in the place of <Answer> to obtain this output? gooficus = "troglodyte"print (<Answer>(gooficus))

len

What would be the output of the following? z = 30 if (z > 30): print ("z is very great") elif (z < 30): print ("z is not so great") else: print ("please re-check your z")

please re-check your z

Using data to project an outcome that will happen in the future is referred to as Using data regarding things that have already happened in order to understand what the factors were that caused them to happen is referred to as These two different ways of using data, taken together, represent forms of

predictive analysis diagnostic analysis data analysis

I have three variables: dog, cat, and chicken. I want to output the values of each of them. Which of the following (if entered on a single line as shown) would you expect to do so?

print(dog, cat,chicken)