Module 3 AP Lab
There are ________ pairs of cranial nerves.
12
________ receive impulses from other neurons, whereas ________ generate action potentials for transmission to other cells.
Dendrites; axons
How does a disease like multiple sclerosis affect the transmission of axon potentials along an axon?
Destruction of myelin sheaths prevents adequate conduction along sensory and motor axons.
The outermost meningeal layer that surrounds the brain and spinal cord is the arachnoid mater.
False
There are 10 pairs of cranial nerves.
False
The ________ of the eye contains the pigmented cells that are responsible for eye color.
Iris
What is the significance of a myelin sheath in terms of impulse conduction along an axon?
It allows for faster action potential propagation as impulses seem to "jump" from node to node by a process called saltatory conduction. Submit
Which type of neuron is primarily found in the cerebral cortex, has a single axon, and is mainly a motor neuron?
Multipolar
Which of the following statements is correct?
Myelin sheaths form an insulating layer around the axons of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. These structures function to speed up the transmission of impulses along the axon.
Which of the following statements is correct?
The gray matter of the cerebrum consists of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons and neuroglia. Myelinated axons and neuroglia appear white and are insulated.
During this laboratory exercise, you will insert pipe cleaner into various skull openings to identify the destinations of the cranial nerves.
True
In the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord, there are many more neuroglia cells than neurons.
True
The spiral organ is innervated by the cochlear division of the vestibulocochlear nerve.
True
Which of the following correctly differentiates between white matter and gray matter?
White matter is myelin, while gray matter is unmyelinated parts of neurons.
Identify the highlighted structure.
accessory nerve
What part of a nerve cell (neuron) can generate and transmit electric impulses?
axon
Conduction velocity in the highlighted structure is dependent on which of the following features?
axon diameter
Which structure is highlighted?
axon hillock
Identify the highlighted structures.
axon hillocks
What structures comprise the highlighted structure?
axons of sensory neurons Submit
Identify the highlighted structures.
cell bodies
Identify the blue highlighted structure.
cerebrum
What structure contains smooth muscle that can change the shape of the lens?
ciliary body
The ________ contains the sensory receptors for hearing.
cochlea
The circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers in the highlighted structure perform which function?
constrict the pupil
Identify the highlighted structure.
cornea
What is the name of the structure that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, allowing for interhemispheric communication?
corpus callosum
In the spinal cord, the grey matter is ________ to the white matter.
deep
Identify the highlighted structures.
dendrites
Neuron processes that carry impulses toward the cell body are called ________.
dendrites
Which structure is highlighted?
dorsal root
Which of the following cell types produces cerebrospinal fluid?
ependymal cells`
The structure that connects the auricle to the tympanic membrane is called the ________.
external acoustic meatus
Which of the following cranial nerves may be damaged if your lab partner cannot distinguish between salty and sugary tastes?
facial nerve
During this laboratory exercise, you will identify salty and sweet tastes to test the sensory function of which cranial nerve?
facial nerve (VII)
The role of the rod cells of the retina is to ________.
facilitate peripheral vision and vision in low-light conditions
What group of cells provides support and protection for neurons?
glial cells (or neuroglia) Submit
Which of the following cranial nerves innervates the muscles that move the tongue?
hypoglossal Submit
Identify the highlighted structure.
hypoglossal nerve
The ________ regulates the autonomic nervous system and the pituitary gland.
hypothalamus Submit
Identify the highlighted structure.
incus
What structure contains smooth muscle that can dilate or constrict the pupil
iris
The ________ focuses light onto the retina.
lens
The ________ separates the two cerebral hemispheres.
longitudinal fissure
Which structure is highlighted?
medulla oblongata Submit
The brain and spinal cord are covered by connective tissue membranes called ________.
meninges
The spinal cord is protected by three layers of connective tissue membranes called the ________.
meninges
The three parts of the brainstem are the ________.
midbrain, pons, and the medulla oblongata Submit
Neurons and neuroglia are cell types found in ________ tissue.
nervous
Identify the highlighted cell.
neuron
The ________ is composed of a cell body and two types of cellular processes: dendrites and an axon.
neuron
The sense of smell is also known as ________.
olfaction
Which of the following cranial nerves is associated with the sense of smell?
olfactory nerve (CN I)
Which of the following connects the olfactory bulbs to the olfactory area of the cerebrum?
olfactory tracts
The area of the retina that lacks photoreceptive cells is called the
optic disc
All of the following cranial nerves innervate the extrinsic eye muscles except the
optic nerve (II).
Which of the following correctly lists the meninges in order from deep to superficial?
pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater
Which of the following correctly lists the meninges in order from deep to superficial?
pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater Submit
The highlighted structure controls the ________, which secretes many hormones.
pituitary
The ________ is the innermost layer of the eye and it contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones).
retina
Identify the highlighted space.
scala vestibuli
Which of the following activities would be altered by damage to the olfactory nerve?
smelling roses
Functionally, the highlighted structure ___.
smooths and coordinates body movements and coordinates learned and reflexive patterns of muscular activity Submit
A junction specialized for communication between neurons is called a ________.
synapse
The role of cerumen is to ________.
trap foreign particles that enter the external acoustic meatus
The ________ are a series of interconnected cavities that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid.
ventricles