Module 3 AP Lab

There are ________ pairs of cranial nerves.

12

________ receive impulses from other neurons, whereas ________ generate action potentials for transmission to other cells.

Dendrites; axons

How does a disease like multiple sclerosis affect the transmission of axon potentials along an axon?

Destruction of myelin sheaths prevents adequate conduction along sensory and motor axons.

The outermost meningeal layer that surrounds the brain and spinal cord is the arachnoid mater.

False

There are 10 pairs of cranial nerves.

False

The ________ of the eye contains the pigmented cells that are responsible for eye color.

Iris

What is the significance of a myelin sheath in terms of impulse conduction along an axon?

It allows for faster action potential propagation as impulses seem to "jump" from node to node by a process called saltatory conduction. Submit

Which type of neuron is primarily found in the cerebral cortex, has a single axon, and is mainly a motor neuron?

Multipolar

Which of the following statements is correct?

Myelin sheaths form an insulating layer around the axons of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. These structures function to speed up the transmission of impulses along the axon.

Which of the following statements is correct?

The gray matter of the cerebrum consists of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons and neuroglia. Myelinated axons and neuroglia appear white and are insulated.

During this laboratory exercise, you will insert pipe cleaner into various skull openings to identify the destinations of the cranial nerves.

True

In the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord, there are many more neuroglia cells than neurons.

True

The spiral organ is innervated by the cochlear division of the vestibulocochlear nerve.

True

Which of the following correctly differentiates between white matter and gray matter?

White matter is myelin, while gray matter is unmyelinated parts of neurons.

Identify the highlighted structure.

accessory nerve

What part of a nerve cell (neuron) can generate and transmit electric impulses?

axon

Conduction velocity in the highlighted structure is dependent on which of the following features?

axon diameter

Which structure is highlighted?

axon hillock

Identify the highlighted structures.

axon hillocks

What structures comprise the highlighted structure?

axons of sensory neurons Submit

Identify the highlighted structures.

cell bodies

Identify the blue highlighted structure.

cerebrum

What structure contains smooth muscle that can change the shape of the lens?

ciliary body

The ________ contains the sensory receptors for hearing.

cochlea

The circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers in the highlighted structure perform which function?

constrict the pupil

Identify the highlighted structure.

cornea

What is the name of the structure that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, allowing for interhemispheric communication?

corpus callosum

In the spinal cord, the grey matter is ________ to the white matter.

deep

Identify the highlighted structures.

dendrites

Neuron processes that carry impulses toward the cell body are called ________.

dendrites

Which structure is highlighted?

dorsal root

Which of the following cell types produces cerebrospinal fluid?

ependymal cells`

The structure that connects the auricle to the tympanic membrane is called the ________.

external acoustic meatus

Which of the following cranial nerves may be damaged if your lab partner cannot distinguish between salty and sugary tastes?

facial nerve

During this laboratory exercise, you will identify salty and sweet tastes to test the sensory function of which cranial nerve?

facial nerve (VII)

The role of the rod cells of the retina is to ________.

facilitate peripheral vision and vision in low-light conditions

What group of cells provides support and protection for neurons?

glial cells (or neuroglia) Submit

Which of the following cranial nerves innervates the muscles that move the tongue?

hypoglossal Submit

Identify the highlighted structure.

hypoglossal nerve

The ________ regulates the autonomic nervous system and the pituitary gland.

hypothalamus Submit

Identify the highlighted structure.

incus

What structure contains smooth muscle that can dilate or constrict the pupil

iris

The ________ focuses light onto the retina.

lens

The ________ separates the two cerebral hemispheres.

longitudinal fissure

Which structure is highlighted?

medulla oblongata Submit

The brain and spinal cord are covered by connective tissue membranes called ________.

meninges

The spinal cord is protected by three layers of connective tissue membranes called the ________.

meninges

The three parts of the brainstem are the ________.

midbrain, pons, and the medulla oblongata Submit

Neurons and neuroglia are cell types found in ________ tissue.

nervous

Identify the highlighted cell.

neuron

The ________ is composed of a cell body and two types of cellular processes: dendrites and an axon.

neuron

The sense of smell is also known as ________.

olfaction

Which of the following cranial nerves is associated with the sense of smell?

olfactory nerve (CN I)

Which of the following connects the olfactory bulbs to the olfactory area of the cerebrum?

olfactory tracts

The area of the retina that lacks photoreceptive cells is called the

optic disc

All of the following cranial nerves innervate the extrinsic eye muscles except the

optic nerve (II).

Which of the following correctly lists the meninges in order from deep to superficial?

pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater

Which of the following correctly lists the meninges in order from deep to superficial?

pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater Submit

The highlighted structure controls the ________, which secretes many hormones.

pituitary

The ________ is the innermost layer of the eye and it contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones).

retina

Identify the highlighted space.

scala vestibuli

Which of the following activities would be altered by damage to the olfactory nerve?

smelling roses

Functionally, the highlighted structure ___.

smooths and coordinates body movements and coordinates learned and reflexive patterns of muscular activity Submit

A junction specialized for communication between neurons is called a ________.

synapse

The role of cerumen is to ________.

trap foreign particles that enter the external acoustic meatus

The ________ are a series of interconnected cavities that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid.

ventricles