Module 4

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Maute Group

"Maute Brothers;" under watch by the military since 2007 for coddling visiting operatives of Jemaah Islamiyah (JI)

Jabidah massacre

1968: Phil Gov't executed a number of mutinying Muslim recruits

Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao

1989: establishment of the _________________ (or ARMM) with MNLF put in place as the effective local government of this region.

10.4%

About 4.5 million Filipinos have lost their jobs in 2020, with the unemployment rate at _______ which is the highest in 15 years due to the COVID-19

February

About 43% of fires occurred in the first four months of the year, highest in __________.

Leftist Insurgency

Activities included mass extortion (revolutionary tax), raids on prisons and military bases and assassinations

Political Elites

Allegedly involved in diverse illegal activities like illegal drug trade, kidnap for ransom

St Thomas Aquinas

At least 26 people were confirmed dead and 215 others went missing after the passenger ferry collided with a cargo ship MV Sulpicio Express Siete, near the port of Cebu (August 16, 2013)

Manor Hotel Fire

August 18, 2001 | Quezon City | Death Count: 75

Dona Paz ferry

Collided with an oil tanker off Mindoro Island near Manila, leaving more than 4,300 dead in the world's worst peacetime shipping disaster. (December 1987)

Class D

Combustible metals such as potassium, sodium, titanium, aluminum, magnesium

Class F or K

Cooking media

Class C

Electrical fires; energized electrical equipment, as long as it is plugged in (e.g. Faulty wiring, short circuits, appliances, switches, power tools, overloaded circuits)

Socio-Economic, Political, Security Hazards

Examples: Insurgency, Secessionism, Terrorism, Bomb threats, Kidnapping, Hostage takings, Civil disorder (demonstrations, strikes, riots)

Environmental Hazards

Examples: Red tide, water pollution, pest infestations, chemical and nuclear contamination

Technological Hazards

Examples: structure collapse, fire, vehicular accidents and sea mishaps, chemical spills, oil spills and electrical blackout

Moro Islamic Liberation Front

Faction of MNLF who rejected the Tripoli Agreement formed a new group (MILF)

12:01 AM - 3 AM, 6:01 AM and 9 AM

Fires occurred mostly from ______________ and occurred at least from ______________.

dry, wet

High incidence from December to April corresponds to the _____ season. Low incidence from June to October corresponds roughly to _____ season in the country.

Recruitment of Child Soldiers, Detention and kidnapping of children, Violence and Extrajudicial killing, Human shields, Attack on Education

Impact of Armed Conflict on Children and other Sectors

December 2019, Wuhan, China

In ___________, the first case of COVID-19 was first detected in ___________ which quickly spread globally.

Superferry 14

Islamist militants firebombed the __________ near Manila Bay, leaving 116 dead (February 2004)

Coronavirus disease

It is among the deadliest infectious diseases to have emerged in the modern world.

decade

It was estimated that it could take more than a ___________ for the world's poorest to recover from the economic fallout caused by the pandemic.

Rajah Solaiman Group and Abu Sayyaf Group

Known for overt ties with regional and international Islamist groups like the Osama Bin Laden network

New People's Army

Leftist guerillas resumed fighting in 80s under the name of the _____________ (NPA)

Bangsamoro

MNLF began fierce armed struggle for an independent Moro nation, or _____________

residential, commercial

Majority of fires involved ___________ areas at 70.2%, followed by ___________ areas at 16.9%

Ozone Disco Fire

March 18, 1996 | Quezon City | Death Count: 160

Kentex Manufacturing Fire

May 13, 2015 | Valenzuela | Death Count: 72

Zamboanga Seige

Misuari led an attack on Zamboanga which killed more than 200 people

August

Month with the lowest number of fires observed

fever, cough, tiredness, loss of taste or smell

Most common COVID-19 symptoms

Political Elites

Often identified as members of a prominent political clan

World Health Organization

On March 11, 2021, the ______________ (WHO) declared COVID- 19 as a pandemic due to its alarming levels of spread and severity across various countries, and by the alarming levels of inaction.

5-6, 14

On average it takes _______ days from when someone is infected with the virus for symptoms to show, however it can take up to ____ days.

Cargo vessel Anahanda

Overloaded with passengers, sinks off the southern island of Jolo. About 100 of the estimated 150 people on board die. (April 2000)

Ampatuan clan

Patriarch, Datu Andal Sr. currently stands accused of the murder of 57 people in Maguindanao in 2009 (Maguindanao Massacre)

The Princess of the Stars ferry

Sailed into a typhoon and tips over near the Coast of Sibuyan Island. Of the 850 on board, only 57 survive. (June 2008)

Leftist Insurgency

Serves as the military arm of the Communist Party of the Philippines.

Princess of the Orient ferry

Sinks off Batangas City south of Manila. About 150 die (September 1998)

SARS-CoV-2

The agent of COVID-19 which is the __________ virus, was named after the genetically related SARS-CoV (now known as SARS-CoV-1), which caused a deadly near- pandemic in 2002-2003.

Moro National Liberation Front

The massacre, combined with discrimination in education, housing and government spending, led a group of Moro students and academics to found the _____________ (or MNLF) in 1969

unemployment, poverty incidence

The pandemic amplified ______________ and ______________ globally and locally

horseshoe bats

The presence of a large reservoir of SARS-CoV-like viruses in _____________ is a time bomb and that the possibility of the re-emergence of SARS and other novel viruses should not be ignored.

Technological Hazards

These hazards originate from industrial accidents, dangerous procedures, infrastructure failures or certain human activities.

Environmental Hazards

These hazards pose a threat from the surrounding environment

Armed Conflict

This involves armed engagements between two parties, where at least one of the parties is the government of a country.

Iloilo-Guimaras Sea Mishap

Two motorboats, Chi-chi and Keziah capsized due to squall. After a few hours, another motorboat, Jenny Vince, capsized, leaving 31 casualties

Rajah Solaiman Group and Abu Sayyaf Group

Well known for bombings and kidnappings, often targeting foreigners and government officials for ransom and/or for executing their hostages

Class A

Wood, paper, cloth, trash, plastics, solid combustible materials that are not metals

faulty electrical wiring, neglected open flames

______________ and ______________ were the most common causes of fires reported

Vigilante groups

a low-cost alternative to fight insurgent groups

ISIS

a more violent incarnate of Al Qaeda

Coronavirus disease

an infectious respiratory disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

fuel

any combustible material (solid, liquid or a gas)

Socio-Economic, Political, Security Hazards

are caused by criminal and human violence

Non-International Armed Conflicts

between governmental forces and nongovernmental armed groups; or between nongovernment groups only

International Armed Conflicts

between opposing two or more States (e.g. World War)

Vigilante groups

can be traced back to Civilian Home Defense Forces (CHDF) used by the government to combat the NPA

Equipment Failure, Lack of Proper Training and Human Error, Collisions at Sea, Poor Maintenance

common reason for Sea Mishaps

Environmental Hazards

cover broad spectrum of acute (serious) and chronic (long lasting) effects of industrial, agricultural, and naturally occurring microorganisms, chemicals and radiation in soil, water, air, food, and wastes

2010 Manila bus hostage-taking

dismissed Police Captain Rolando Mendoza held hostage a bus full of Hongkong tourists and killed 8 of the tourists

heat, fuel, oxygen, and chemical reaction

elements needed for a fire to develop (also referred to as the fire triangle now the fire tetrahedron)

Armed Conflict

exists whenever there is a resort to armed force between States (Source: International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia- ICTY)

oxygen, carbon monoxide

fire consumes (1) , increasing (2) concentration causing (2) poisoning and possible death within minutes

black smoke

fire produces ____________ that blocks vision and stings the eyes and makes It difficult to navigate buildings on fire

Nur Misuari

former UP Lecturer leading the MNLF

Worldwide lockdowns

have been imposed since the declaration of COVID-19 pandemic to prevent the spread of disease

A Singaporean freighter hits the ferry Cebu City

in Manila Bay, leaving about 140 dead (December 1994)

Vigilante groups

include: Alsa Masa, Alamara, Alsa Lumad, Ilaga, Kuratong Baleleng and Tadtad

asphyxiation

is the leading cause of death in a fire over burns (by 3: 1 ratio)

Omar Khayyam and Abdullah

known as the Maute Brothers are the leaders of this terrorist group. Both are believed to have been radicalized in the Middle East

Armed Conflict

lead to significant battle related and civilian casualties

Phil. Communist Party

led guerilla fighters against Japanese forces during WW2 and against the Phil. Gov't in the 1950s

Oxygen

makes up about 21% of the air that we breathe, a fire is sustained at 16% oxygen in the air

heat

many types of fires will generate their own _______ once burning

Socio-Economic, Political, Security Hazards

may be motivated by political or economic reasons

Technological Hazards

may cause loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation

Class B

non-metallic combustible material in the liquid state (e.g. flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, grease, acetone)

Socio-Economic, Political, Security Hazards

pose threat to the security of a great number of people

Ampatuan clan

previously governed Maguindanao

Tripoli Agreement

promise to create a semi-autonomous Moro province signed my Ferdinand Marcos in 1976

Metro Manila

ranks first in the number of COVID cases and deaths in the country

United States

ranks no. 1 among the countries with the most number of COVID-19 cases and deaths worldwide

chemical reaction

rapid oxidation process that occurs when oxygen, heat, and fuel are present

Clans and Private Armies

received backing from the government, the AFP, local police, and factions of armed rebel groups for their support

global economic decline

result of worldwide lockdowns

difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, loss of speech or mobility, or confusion, chest pain

serious symptoms of COVID-19

Vigilante groups

the presence of these groups has increased hostilities between Muslims and non- Muslims and pose serious threat to democracy

2010 Manila bus hostage-taking

this attack brought infamy to the police and soured relations between Manila and Hong Kong

Manor Hotel Fire, Kentex Manufacturing Fire, Ozone Disco Fire

three tragic fires in the Philippines


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