Musculoskeletal System

plantar wart

foot disorder caused by a virus

corn

foot disorder caused by continual pressure over bony prominences

hammertoe

foot disorder caused by flexion and deformity of the joints

diarthrodial joints

freely moveable- knee and elbow

synarthrodial joint

immovable- cranial joint

thyroxine

increases the rate of protein synthesis in all types of tissue

osteomyelitis

infection of bone or bone marrow

bone atrophy

muscle biopsy

tendon

muscle to bone

Which nursing intervention prevents footdrop (results in an abnormal gait) in a client with osteomyelitis?

neutral positioning of the foot with the use of a splint

When teaching a client about their disease process, which term would the nurse use to describe bone loss greater than normal but less than that caused by osteoporosis?

osteopenia

pivot joints

permit rotation

amphiarthrodial joints

permit slight movement- pelvic joint

biaxial joints

permits gliding movement

ball and socket joints

permits movement in any direction

vitamin D and its metabolites

produced in the body and transported in the blood to promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the small intestine

parathormone

promotes osteoclastic activity in a state of hypocalcemia

Which finding during a home health visit would prompt the nurse to provide a client with home safety instructions?

-area rugs on the floor -clogged, dirty fireplace -multiple electrical cords -polypharmacy -wheeled walker with uneven legs

What is used to detect carpal tunnel syndrome?

Phalen's test

bone tumor

a computed tomography

insulin

acts together with GH to build and maintain healthy bone tissue

Which hormone aids in regulating intestinal calcium and phosphorous absorption?

adrenal glucocorticoids- by increasing or decreasing protein metabolism

hinge joints

allows motion in one plane

Which instruction would the nurse provide an older client using ice and heat to treat pain from back strain?

apply for 30 minute time intervals

osteoarthritis

cartilage deterioration in the joints

Hallux rigidus

caused by osteoarthritis

When developing the plan of care for a client with rheumatoid arthritis, which client consideration would the nurse include?

comfort- pain is an all-encompassing and often demoralizing experience so client should be as pain free as possible

parathyroid hormone

secretion increases in response to decreased serum calcium concentration and stimulates the bones to promote osteoclastic activity

osteomalacia

softening of bones due to calcium or vitamin D deficiency

estrogen

stimulates bone building- osteoblastic activity

While providing care for a client with a second degree left ankle sprain, the nurse raises the injured part above heart level. Which statement describes the rationale behind this nursing action?

the prevent further edema

Which treatment is beneficial for a client with muscle spasm?

thermotherapy- uses heat to ease pain and muscle contraction

ligament

bone to bone

Which diagnostic study is used to detect deep vein thrombosis in the client's lower extremities?

duplex venous doppler

Which nursing intervention would the nurse implement when providing postoperative care for a client who has a below the knee amputation?

elevate residual leg slightly while keeping the knee joint straight for first 24hrs

A client returns form surgery, after right below the knee amputation, with residual limb straight but elevated on a pillow to prevent edema. In which position would the nurse place the client after the first postoperative day?

turn client to the prone position for 15 to 20 minutes at least three times a day- prevents hip flexion contractures