Napoleon test

Define plebiscite

Popular vote done by ballot

What name is given to the new government after the Directory?

The Consulate

In 1802, Napoleon was made what?

Voted Consul for life

How many troops does he take and what were they called?

(including 400,000 soldiers from France) men called the Grand Army

What did he defend against Royalist supporters and what nickname did he get from it?

- Defends National Convention against royalist rebels, gains reputation as "Savior of the Republic"

List and explain the three parts of Napoleon's Grand Empire.

1. French Empire - includes France, The Netherlands, Belgium, and part of Italy 2. Dependent States - includes Spain, Confederation of the Rhine (most of former HRE), Italy, and the Duchy of Warsaw. All these nations are ruled by Napoleon's relatives 3. Allied States - Austria, Russia, Prussia, Norway, and Sweden

What was the name given to Napoleon's coup?

18 Brumaire Coup d'etat

What member of the Directory was planning a coup d'etat and approached Napoleon for his support? What famous pamphlet did this person write?

Abbé Sieyès,

What nations did Napoleon fight against during the Napoleonic Wars?

Austria, Prussia, Switzerland, Russia, & Italy - French armies dominate Europe

What famous naval battle ended Napoleon's hopes of invading Great Britain and who was the leader of the British fleet?

Battle of Trafalgar

What is the name of the naval battle that stranded Napoleon and his troops in Egypt? Who was the leader who defeated the French naval fleet?

Battle of the Nile

What famous stone was discovered and why is it important?

Discovered the Rosetta Stone

How did Napoleon encourage Nationalism in Europe?

Due to Napoleon's new policies and conquests, nationalism (intense love & pride in one's nation) in France was at an all-time high.

Explain the Continental System

Efforts by Napoleon to boycott trade between the European continent and Great Britain in hopes to destroy the British Economy with a naval blockade

Where is Napoleon exiled after his first defeat?

He is exiled to the island of Elba

What are the three reasons for Napoleon's decline?

His excessive ambition and egotism leaves France with no allies 2. The "Continental System" 3. Overextension of his armies. Tries to fight in too many places at the same time and spreads French armies too thin. - The Peninsular War

What year does Napoleon become Emperor of France and who crowned him?

In 1804

What three things caused the great loss of the Grand Army?

In the following weeks, the Grand Army suffered from a lack of food, hypothermia, and persistent guerilla warfare which led to great losses in men.

What name is given to the acquisition of the territory of Louisiana by the United States from France in 1803 for fifteen million dollars?

Louisiana Purchase

What is the name of Napoleon's brother who was the final President of the Council of Five Hundred?

Lucien Bonaparte

Which island was Napoleon exiled on the second time?

Napoleon abdicated four days later and exiled on the island of St. Helena where he dies 6 years later.

Why does Napoleon invade Russia?

Napoleon invades Russia for breaking from the Continental System and trading with Great Britain with 685,000 (including 400,000 soldiers from France) men called the Grand Army

Why did Napoleon sell the North American territory?

Napoleon sells Louisiana territory in order to help him pay for military exploits in Europe known as the "Napoleonic Wars"

What strategy did Napoleon use to get back at Great Britain?

Napoleon struck back with the Continental System

What is the period between March 20, 1815, the date on which Napoleon arrived in Paris after escaping from exile on Elba, and July 8, 1815, the date of the return of Louis XVIII to Paris called?

Napoleon's Hundred Days

Why did Napoleon try to seize Egypt?

Napoleon's attempt to to undermine Britain's access to India by seizing Egypt, Napoleon took control of Egypt on land but could not keep it

Series of wars fought between France, under Napoleon Bonaparte, and Great Britain, Prussia, Russia, and Austria either alone or in alliances (1803-1815) is known as what? What coalitions were formed during this period?

Napoleonic Wars, Third-Seventh Coalitions were Part of the Napoleonic Wars

What name is given to the chronological milestone of decades of relative peace between the European powers from 1815-1914?

Pax Britannica (British Peace).

What were the Pro's and Con's of the new laws?

Pro's -forbade privileges based on birth -allowed freedom of religion -government jobs went to the most qualified -all men equal ● Con's -slavery reintroduced in French colonies -women lost powers -restricted freedom of speech & the press

List five ways Napoleon brought changes to France.

Stabilizes French Economy Reduced government corruption Established Lycées (free public schools) Concordat of 1801 Rewrites the Laws of France

During the French Revolution, who did Napoleon support?

Supported the Jacobins during the French Revolution

What battle was the deadliest day of the Napoleonic War?

The Battle of Borodino

What event marked Napoleon's final defeat and permanently ended the Napoleonic Wars?

The Battle of Waterloo (June 18, 1815)

What was Napoleon elected as in the new government and what year?

The Consulate (1799-1804)

Upon Napoleon's return to power in March 1815, many states that had opposed him began to mobilise armies to depose him, this was called what and what nations were involved?

The French welcome his return and he once again becomes Emperor of France

What name was given to the new laws of France under Napoleon?

The Napoleonic Code

What was the military conflict fought by Bourbon Spain and Portugal, assisted by the United Kingdom, against the invading and occupying forces of the First French Empire for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars called?

The Peninsular War

What is the alliance of Prussia, Russia, Great Britain, Austria, & German states who fight Napoleon after his loss in Russia called?

The Sixth Coalition

Who becomes the ruler of France after Napoleon's exile?

The monarchy in France is restored under Louis XVIII (Louis XVI's brother)

How many soldiers of the Grand Army returned with Napoleon from Russia?

When Napoleon's army leaves Russia, only 27,000 soldiers remained

Explain two ways that Napoleon's brother helped him with the coup of the Directory.

falsely persuaded the Councils that a Jacobin coup was at hand in Paris and induced them to depart for the safety of the suburban Château de Saint-Cloud

Define Nationalism.

identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.

What city does Napoleon take over in Russia and waits at for a month for peace terms?

later, Napoleon entered Moscow, only to find it abandoned. He waited a month for a peace offer that never came, before he began his retreat back to the Polish border.

At what age did Napoleon become an officer? A general?

officer at age 16 general at 24

What is the name of the policy that the Russian's used as they retreated? Why did they do this?

scorched earth policy