Netsilik test: ANTH 2010

When do the netsilik fish for salmon trout at the weirs?

1st or 2nd week of August

Netsilik summer months?

August and September

Narssuk

Bad weather man described to look like a giant baby. Said when he brings bad weather the shaman has to find him and tie him up. Least friendly of the deities.

Why does the netsilik join in large winter camps during winter?

Because the seal make various breathing holes and one hunter can't watch them all so they have a large group to hunt and watch over various holes

Animal souls

Believe that the animals are letting themselves be hunted. Netsilik have rules to always give a seal a sip of fresh water, to butcher the seal in fresh clean snow, when leaving camp they must face all seal skulls in the direction they are moving. Can not eat caribou and seal together. Can not cut or sew caribou or seal when in caribou or seal season. Bears are mourned for four days like humans. Skin used for trousers.

Joking partners

Best enemies 2 men from diff families likely to become rivals. Would Insult each other or sock each other in arm.

Where are the Netsilik located?

East central Canadian arctic, pelley bay and king William island

When did people abandoned the karmeq to set up tents?

End of may beginning of june

Seal meat partners

Every man has 12 and you have no choice of who your partners were. Seal is butchered into 14 portions, 12 good portions go to each of the partners. The right shoulder portion goes to the right shoulder partner. A portion is given to children and the 14th portion goes to the man one killed it which was only some skin and barely edible meat.

Personal souks

Everyone has one and it occupies your entire body and life, is looked upon as a life force.

Netsilik religion

Expressed more towards observances like things one should or should not do to avoid angry beings. Appreciation for natural world.

What is used to catch fish in the spring? And what is it made of?

Fishing leister, and its shaft is wood or whale bone.

What is subsistence technology used to maintain?

Food and shelter

Taiga

Forest of evergreen trees, Inuit stayed away from taiga.

What are the two main categories of caribou hunting techniques?

Hunting with bow n arrow. Hunting from the kayak

How are extra marital affairs taken care of?

Husband challenges the wife's lover to socking each other in the arm until one gives up, and if a man elopes with the wife the husband will try to kill him.

What is the nuclear family?

Husband wig and children

What do the netsilik live in during the fall?

Ice huts, ice walls and stretched sealskin for the roof.

How does one get a good portion of seal meat?

If one of your partners killed a seal

How is order maintained in netsilik society?

Informally through: - social pressure -respect for kinsmen -respect for inhumatoq -fear of sorcery -killing. Of trouble makers

How do the netsilik think death happens?

It happens because the soul is weak.

What is a fishing weir?

It is a defense that controls the movement of fish in the stream, it's made of stone

Netsilik spring months?

June and July

Netsilik did some sealing in the spring what months is that?

June but by July sealing was at an end

3rd afterworld

Just under earths surface no good hunting, men who were bad hunters went here and women who had no tattoos went here.

In the ending of winter and beginning of spring what do netsilik live in?

Karmeq half igloo tent

What is the main food source during spring?

Lake trout

How is the salmon prepared to eat?

Mainly eaten raw. Cleaned and sun dried for scarce food in the fall. Some cooked in soapstone.

What is religion and ideology used to maintain?

Task 5, means of surviving.

What is social organization used to maintain?

Tasks 2-4, kinship marriage family descent affiliation politics.

Who gave the nickname Eskimo?

The Cree Indians, meaning those who eat raw meat.

What are the 4 sub fields of anthropology ?

-Biological/physical anthropology -Archaeology -Linguistics -Cultural anthropology

What are the 7 kinds of beings netsilik believe in?

-Personal souls -Name souls -Animal souls -Amulet spirits -Shamans familiar spirits -Nature spirits -Three deities- narssuk, tatqeq, nuliajuk

What are the five basic tasks of society?

1. Food and shelter 2. Reproduce membership, birth or recruitment 3. En culturation, teach the members their culture 4. Maintain order, informally by social pressure in small societies. Formally by creating laws in large societies. 5. Define the meaning of life and maintain motivation for survival.

What are the 5 characteristics of culture?

1. Learned culture 2. Differentially shared culture, culture is shared but not equally 3. Based on symbolic communication of culture 4. Integrated or systemic culture, if you change one thing more changes 5. Relates to environment and culture, people change culture to deal w/ environment

Amulet spirits

Amulet is good luck charm. They are common items like caribou ankle bone, worn around waist. Shaman is the one who makes it an amulet, they are commonly passed down from father to son

Netsilik majic

Amulets, magical charms. Magical spells like a poem, a protective spell. Sorcery, based on fear of dead. Sending a ghost out to your personal enemy.

What two hunting and gathering activities take place in late summer month of September?

Caribou hunting Berry gathering

Netsilik winter months?

December-may

2nd afterworld

Deep under ground hunting is good not great, the hunters who did there best went here. Also women who had tattoos but not extensively.

Tetqeq

God of moon and land animals and god of human and animal fertility.

Characteristics of a strong soul?

Good health and success

Nuliajuk (Sedna)

Goodness of seal and sea mammals. Controls seals walruses and whales.

Society

Group of humans who live in an environment and are dependent on one another through a common shared culture.

What is thee patrilocal extended family?

Group of men related on the fathers side with his children. They usually camp together in the summer

Anthropos

Human being

Culture

Human learned behavior. *all human behavior is learned

What happens after a seal has been caught?

Hunter breaks ice with ice chisel to get seal out then all hunters are called over and they feast on the liver and some blubber right there, then it's brought back to the wife to butcher

Inuits way of life?

Hunting and gathering

Inuit

Meaning people

How is labor divided in the winter?

Men hunt and fish women sew

What is the most common form of marriage?

Monogamy, 1 spouse

How does someone get married in a netsilik society?

No wedding ceremony, it's just the matter of moving in with one another.

Netsilik fall months

October and November

Where do Inuit spend most of there living?

On the coastline and sometimes in the tundra.

What other form of marriage is sometimes used? But rarely

Polygyny, man has more than 1 wife or polyandry, women have more than 1 husband. These rarely worked as men were rivalrous and jealous

1st afterworld

Preferable happy hunting ground in the sky where the best hunters went, also women with lots of tattoos.

How is caribou meat eaten?

Raw Cooked in soapstone

Shamans familiar spirits

Religious leader figure, they are men. To become a shaman you have to be picked/trained by a shaman. They believe if someone is sick a ghost is making them sick.

What is the main source of food during the summer?

Salmon and lake trout

What is the main hunting activity during the winter?

Seal hunting

What are the three different partnerships?

Seal meat partners Song partners Joking partners

What do the netsilik live in during spring?

Seal skin tents

What is the kayak made of?

Sealskin stretched over wood framework.

What happens if the 1st born child is female?

She is killed

Characteristics of a weak soul?

Sick health and no success

What is a ptarmigan?

Small bird sometimes hunted in summer month of August

What do they use for lighting?

Soapstone lamps, and seal oil to burn

What activities occur during the fall?

Some river or lake fishing and occasional musk ox hunting. Women made new fur clothing.

Nature spirits

Spirit inhabitants of the countryside. Something off in the distance that catches your eye like an island, these places are believed to be inhabited by these spirits.

Who marries who in a netsilik society?

The best will prefer arranged 1st cousin marriage, so the neat silk grow up knowing who they will marry.

Who butchers the caribou?

The men

How do the netsilik migrate upstream?

The men paddle the kayak and women and children walk, while dogs follow carrying packs on their backs.

Annual cycle

The netsilik use this cycle to move from each territory, they have several territories. Netsilik cycle begins in the spring time.

Inhumatoq

The one who thinks, the leader of the group he is usually the eldest man hunter and as long as he makes wise decisions they will follow him. His wife is in charge of food supply

Logos

The study or knowledge

What is the outline of a snowhouse?

They are dome shaped , and have 3 separate rooms. The entrance tunnel which they had to crawl into, the small dome porch for shoes and to knock excess snow off, and the main dome area where they slept and the wife cooked.

Why do netsilik marry closely unlike other Inuit people?

They have a fear of the outside world

Where and what do the netsilik live in?

They live out on the sea ice, by making igloos or snowhouses

What happens when someone dies in the netsilik camp?

They mourn them for 4 days meaning no work can be done so the soul can reach 1 of the 3 after worlds.

Process of Hunting from the kayak

They will camp near the crossing spot of caribou which is usually water, they use the kayak to attack n hunt with bow n arrows and spears.

How do the netsilik hunt seals?

Through the breathing holes the seals make in the ice. -they use dogs to find the general area of the hole -then they use a snow probe to find the hole -to know when the seal is at the breathing hole they use a down indicator or a bone indicator -using a breathing hole searcher they figure the shape of the hole to know the direction to throw the harpoon -use a seal hunting harpoon to kill the seal the shaft is made of wood or whale bone four shaft is made of antler the point made of bear bone and the line made of seal hide.

Why do netsilik migrate upstream?

To establish camps, to set up fishing weirs for catching salmon.

What is the spring time used for?

To make and repair sealskin tents

Cutting and building of the snow-houses are a husband/wife joint activity

True

Song partners

Two males who are best friends and not related. They write songs for each other when apart and when they meet up they perform them. Usually exchange your wife with this person if needed.

Bands

What the netsilik are grouped into, it is a family that lives moves and hunts together.

Around what age do men and women marry?

Women marry at mid teens around 15 and men marry early 20s

Everyone in netsilik society wants to get married, why?

Work is divided between man and women so it is essential to have a spouse, or you will not survive in such a harsh environment.

Name souls

You receive a name of someone who has died in the family, 2 people of the same name have different name souls.