Social pouch test 1

The extent to which we can infer that findings with a sample will be true of the larger population from which it was drawn a referred to as

Generalizability

The study of neuroendocrinology examines how the brain and ___ work together to coordinate the physiological functioning of the body

Hormones

Some scholars refer to a person's theory of ________ as either "mentalizing" or "mindreading."

mind

Jackson's study involves 5 IV's that he is manipulating. He is measuring their effect on 3 dependent variables. What type of study design is Jackson using?

Complex environmental design

Sasha is taking her family to Disney. She predicts she'll feel immense happiness seeing her young daughter meet all the princesses. However, when her daughter meets the first princess, Sasha doesn't fee as happy as she thought she would. Sashas experiences is an example of ___

Impact bias

When Jason goes to a football game, he likes to sit with people who are cheering for the team that he likes. Those who cheer for the other team sit on the opposite side of the stadium. Relative to Jason, the fans of Jason's team would represent a(n) ________, while those who cheer for the opposing team are an example of a(n) ________.

In group ; out group

Jaden is at the end of his first semester in college. He has 4 exams 3 projects and 1 major project all due within a 5 day period. He is feeling a lot of stress, and as a result his body is producing higher than usual levels of cortisol. Which of the following is not a likely result of this hormonal increase?

Increased sleepiness

When a person commits to perform an actual that she believes will bring about a specific, desired outcome this is called ___

Intention

Clara is extremely hungry after having a 3 hour meeting. She wants food as quickly as possible but is unsure of where to eat. Because of her motivation to eat, she makes a quick decision to eat at the coffee shop a few buildings away. Her motivation to make a quick decision is an example of what concept?

need for closure

The variable that gets manipulated in an experimental study is known as the

Independent variable

Some might say that women have a preference for taller men. Their preference for tall males puts pressure on mate selection. As a consequence, the evolution of mate qualities change bc of women's preference and the average height of males has increased with time. While this isn't scientific proven, what concept would this be an example of

Intersexual selection

Which of the following is the best description of a persons sense of self

It is reflective. People reflect on their own identities

Brad is very possessive of his gf lana. He suspects that other men are attracted to her and feels jealous of them. Which of the following, according to evolutionary theory, might best explain jealousy?

Jealousy is a psychological adaptation that increases vigilance

Hermione and Ron are on a tropical vacation. H points out the sea and says "I think I saw a whale tail over there " Ron cranes his head over so he's looking from approximately H's POV. They're engaged in ___

Joint attention

philosopher ___ described the self as a reflexive project that one is continually working to manage , discipline, refine, improve, or develop.

Charles Taylor

The area of social psychological that focuses on how people think about others and about the social world is called social __________.

Cognition

archival research revealed that the number of lynchings between 1882 and 1930 rose as

Cotton prices fell

In some parts of the US, people likely to respond to an insult with anger and increased cortisol because of concern for insults to their reputation. What is the cultural learning called?

Culture of honor

If a study involves deception, the experimenter should inform the participant of the true nature of the research during

Debriefing

Sometimes a researchers study is meant to be deceptive, but it actually contains hints and clues about its true nature. These hints are known as

Demand characteristics

What is the name for the piece of technology that automatically records brief snippets of conversation?

Electronically activated recorder

Which theorist proposed that one of the most important developmental challenges for adolescents is developing a sense of identity?

Erik Erickson

Lonnie needs to make a long business trip back to Minnesota but is uncertain of when to leave. According to the weather report, there is a big storm starting that he may encounter. The cost of deciding to leave later will make him late for his meeting but the cost to leave too early might put him in a car accident on the slippery roads. Which theory would predict that bc of evolution, Lonnie would choose the less costly option and leave later to avoid the storm?

Error management theory

Hailey wants to control the variables in her study as much as possible. She does not want any extraneous variables to affect her results. What type of study should hailey use?

Experimental study

Your roommate is an avid cheater in school. He doesn't even think twice about it and it doesn't bother him. Whenever you mention it he always talks about how everyone cheats. This is an example of ___

False consensus

Lily is counting the number of people who line up early to board an airplane. For half the trials, lily has a flight attendant warn that they will begin boarding soon. For the other half, no warning is given. What type of experiment is lily conducting?

Field experiment

After making observations and forming a research question, scientists should

Form a hypothesis

___ are the basic information that are passed along in DNA that tells cells and molecules how to build an organism and how that organism should behave

Genes

Your roommate has left a massive pile of dirty dishes in the sink. You're so angry you don't bother saying anything to him. 2 days later they're still there and you're more angry but still don't say anything. Finally, you lash out and your roommate says he's sorry, he didn't know you were upset. This is an example of___.

Illusion of transparency

mood-congruent memory is occurring in which of the following scenarios

John is currently sad and can more easily recall a time when he got in trouble for a late assignment.

At what point in life does one begin to construct a narrative identity?

Late adolescence

Dr. Jayesimi is conducting research with rats. She surgically damages a rats temporal lobe to see what function will be impaired when the rat wakes up. This damage, called a ___, helps us understand the functioning of different brain structures

Lesion

When people have conversations online, there are often misunderstandings about how statements are intended. This is bc it's difficult to know whether some comments are serious or made as jokes. In the same way, understand another persons intentions in various situations requires an understanding of ___

Theory of mind

Dr. Ramsey conducts research and draws a conclusion about the college athletes who participated in his study. He will now generalize from these research participants to the larger ___ of college athletes outside of his study.

Population

What is indicated by the p-value in a research study?

Probability of observing a particular outcome in the study

Azalee is developing a theory of mind as she grows up, and this maturation involves several components. Of the following, which would be considered the most complex?

Projection

___ sampling refers to a method to select a subset of individuals for the sample from the population so that each has an equal chance of being assigned to the various study conditions.

Random

The durability bias occurs when a person overestimates how long their feelings might last. This bias is a type of:

affective forecasting

A male peacock has bright feathers even though this could potentially make him a target for predators. Which of the following best explains his bright feathers?

mating advantage

Why is it important to use random assignment when determining which research participants will comprise the different treatment groups in the study ?

Random assignment balances out the differences that might naturally exist between participants.

Which of the following procedures in research is the most important in allowing for cause and effect conclusions to be drawn

Random assignments

One proposed aspect of the self is that you reflect on and try to change your own self. This describes the self as __________.

Reflexive

Which of the following might be an evolutionary explanation of why humor exists in humans?

Sexual selection: potential mates would likely be attracted to humor.

When Lev is out to lunch at a restaurant he sees a woman with very short hair, facial piercings, and several tattoos. He thinks to himself, "She must be into motorcycles." Lev has engaged in the process of __________.

Social categorization

April was able to run much faster when she was with friends , rather than running alone. April is experiencing the benefits of

Social facilitation

When 2 people simultaneously mimic each other's actions, they have reached a state called___

Synchrony

Dr. Tanaka wants to know if the teams in his sons baseball league are relatively even so that no one team has a significant advantage over another. What would be the best way for him to accomplish this goal?

Take a random sample of players from each team and test them on various baseball drills

Which is not an example bias from the error management theory

Textual cover bias

Researchers have found that men are generally more likely than women to be willing to consent to sec with strangers and to require less emotional investment for sex to occur. From an evolutionary perspective, this is likely because

The investment cost of a pregnancy is much higher for a woman than a man.

Which is a distinct feature of the self?

The self can reflect on itself.

Kari visited the doctor recently who told her she needed to start eating better or she is at risk for a heart attack within the next few years. Kari is very motivated to view herself in a positive light and doesn't like the news the doctor gave her. She wonders if the doctor's tests could have been inaccurate. Kari's uncertainty over her health results from the doctor is an example of what?

motivated skepticism

Some people retain their virginity because they believe it will make them more attractive to potential marriage partners. This idea is an example of __________.

The ways that cultural norms affect psychological adaptations

Fitness in evolutionary psychology refers to

reproductive success

Right before class you spill water all over your pants. You try to dry it but you don't want to be late for the test. You run in a few mins late and are sure everyone is gonna think you wet your pants. This is an example of___

Spotlight effect

When a person makes an assumption that all members of a specific group of people must share some common attribute, ability, or feature, she's engaging in ___

Stereotype

Ulrike is 7 years old and suffers from a serious psychological disorder. One theory of where her disorder comes from is the notion that she lacks a theory of mind; that is, she does not know what other people are thinking or feeling. With which disorder as Ulrike most likely been diagnosed?

autism

Traits and social roles attributed to an actor is known as:

social reputation

Over time, humans developed the ability to shiver. This is an example of ___________.

survival adaptation

There are two large classes of adaptations. These are :

survival and reproduction

Dyanna is starting to develop more a purposeful and goal-directed approach to set the stage for her motivated self to grow. What age range is dyanna in

5-7

In social psych studies involving deception, sometimes a person who appears to be a participant is actually working for the researcher. What is this person called ?

A confederate

Over time, species can evolve new traits and behaviors that increase reproductive success. These are called _________.

Adaptations

A person who grew up in American culture has likely developed a redemptive narrative. Which of the examples best represents this concept?

Alison sees herself as a girl who had to endure great hardship growing up with divorced parents but has overcome this obstacle and is now happily married.

rhesus monkeys were exposed to lesion one of a specific brain area, and when they woke up they showed a pronounced decrease in their fear responses. The part of the brain that was most likely under investigation in the study was the ___

Amygdala

Historical or publicly-available data is often used for what type of research?

Archival research

Which heuristic would you likely use if you were asked " are there more words in the English language that start with k or have k as the third letter in the word"

Availability heuristic

Jedediah reads that every astronaut who has ever stepped foot on the moon has been a vegetarian. He looks at his wife and says "I wonder why being a vegetarian increases ones likelihood of going to the moon" jedediah has arrived at an incorrect ___ conclusion

Cause and effect

What do researchers use in order to make sure their priming technique affected the participants?

Manipulation check

Mahoganie is thinking about the party later this evening and of all the social interactions she will have. If her brain was being actively monitored via fMRI while she has these thoughts, you'd expect to see activity in her ________.

Medial prefrontal cortex

Researchers rarely need to obtain informed consent when they are conducting what type of study?

Naturalistic observation

The likelihood that a research finding was due to random chance rather than being due to an actual observed change is called the ___

P-value

A background variable about an individual such as race, gender, or socioeconomic status, is considered what kind of variable?

Participant variable

What is a potential positive outcome of the planning fallacy

People might attempt projects that otherwise might have been avoided had the amount of effort or time needed been understood.

Which of the following is not a difficulty in studying social categorization?

People must be in negative moods in order to engage in social categorization

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about affective forecasting

People tend to be accurate with predicting whether event will result in positive or negative feelings but inaccurate regarding the strength or duration of these emotions.

A large group of individuals to whom we would like to generalize our research findings is called an

Population

The experience of jealously leads heterosexual men to be more likely to protect their mates and guard against rivals, which increases their reproductive success. This statement is best reflected by which of the following psychological perspectives?

evolutionary psychology

Martyn is seated at a chair, and sees his father standing by a box with a ball in front of it. His dad leaves the room, and another person comes in and puts the ball into the box, and closes the lid. Martyn is then asked where his father will look for the ball when he returns. This is an example of the ________ test.

false belief

People naturally use mental "shortcuts" to simplify their social world. These shortcuts are known as:

heuristics

Gary and Cole both see Ashley across the department store. They both find Ashley attractive so they decide to arm wrestle for the chance to talk to her. The winner will hopefully be able to ask her on a date. Gary and Cole's behavior is an example of the first process of sexual selection also known as what?

intrasexual competition

When two people are directing their awareness to the same object and are aware that they are both attending to it, this is called ___

joint attention

Paris has just found out that her company is downsizing their staff and that she is highly likely to lose her job at any moment. Her heartbeat is increasing, she feels warm, and she has to take several deep breaths to try to calm down. The part of her body that is currently 'speeding her up' is called the ________ nervous system.

sympathetic

Johnny and his family are watching TV. One of Johnny's favorite shows comes on so he gets up and sits in front of the TV to be closer to the screen, not realizing he is blocking the screen for the rest of his family. From this example, what is Johnny most likely still developing?

theory of mind

When Marissa went skiing for the first time she felt confident she could handle the slow of the medium difficulty runs. When she rode the chair to the top, however, the slope appeared much steeper and she became worried. This is an example of:

visual descent illusion

Although human beings have mirror neurons that regularly fire when we observe others behaviors, we do not imitate all of those actions. When does mirroring and imitation primarily occur in humans?

when the actions are relevant to the perceivers current state or aim