Neuroanatomy Quiz #1

Which three structures make up the brainstem? Select one: a. Pons, medulla, midbrain b. Pons, medulla, cerebrum c. Cerebellum, medulla, cerebrum

a. Pons, medulla, midbrain

Which of the following statements describes the events associated with the generation and travel of a nerve action potential? Select one: a. Sodium channels open, allowing a rapid influx of sodium and thus depolarization. This is followed by the opening of potassium channels, allowing an influx of potassium and closing the sodium channels, both leading to repolarization of the membrane potential. b. Sodium channels open, allowing a rapid efflux of sodium and thus depolarization. This is followed by the opening of potassium channels, allowing an influx of potassium and closing the sodium channels, both leading to repolarization of the membrane potential. c. Sodium channels open, allowing a rapid influx of sodium and thus hyperpolarization. This is followed by the opening of potassium channels, allowing an efflux of potassium and closing the sodium channels, both leading to repolarization of the membrane potential. d. Potassium channels open, allowing rapid influx of potassium and thus depolarization. This is followed by the opening of sodium channels, allowing an efflux of sodium and closing the potassium channels, both leading to repolarization of the membrane potential.

a. Sodium channels open, allowing a rapid influx of sodium and thus depolarization. This is followed by the opening of potassium channels, allowing an influx of potassium and closing the sodium channels, both leading to repolarization of the membrane potential.

Which part of the nervous system controls our fight or flight response? Select one: a. Sympathetic nervous system b. Enteric nervous system c. Parasympathetic nervous system d. Autonomic nervous system

a. Sympathetic nervous system

Which of the following arteries is not part of the Circle of Willis? Select one: a. Vertebral arteries b. Basilar artery c. Posterior cerebral artery d. Anterior cerebral artery

a. Vertebral arteries

The four lobes of each hemisphere of the brain are: Select one: a. frontal, occipital, parietal, temporal b. occipital, temporal, cerebellum, parietal c. frontal, dorsal, temporal, occipital d. cerebrum, brainstem, midbrain, cerebellum

a. frontal, occipital, parietal, temporal

Which type of neuroglial cell forms and maintains myelin in the CNS Select one: a. oligodendrocytes b. ependyma c. astrocytes d. microglia

a. oligodendrocytes

The 3 major structures of the brain include: Select one: a. Cerebrum, brainstem, spinal cord b. Cerebrum, brainstem, cerebellum c. Thalamus, brainstem, cerebellum d. Brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord Feedback

b. Cerebrum, brainstem, cerebellum

Which gradient(s) is/are crucial to neuron function? Choose all that are correct. Select one or more: a. ATP b. Charge (or electrical) c. Active d. Concentration

b. Charge (or electrical) d. Concentration

Which of the following nervous system cells is responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system (CNS)? Select one: a. Schwann cells b. Oligodendroglia c. Astrocyte d. Neuron

b. Oligodendroglia

An action potential is an all-or-nothing event that occurs when: Select one: a. the difference in electrical potential across the cell membrane is approximately −70 mV b. the difference in electrical potential across the cell membrane is approximately -55 mV c. there is a discharge of sodium ions into the extracellular space d. the neuron has reached its resting potential

b. the difference in electrical potential across the cell membrane is approximately -55 mV

Which of the following make up the central nervous system (CNS)? (pick all that apply) Select one or more: a. spinal nerves b. cranial nerves c. brain d. spinal cord

c. brain d. spinal cord

The meningeal layer that is nearest the brain is the: Select one: a. subarachnoid mater b. arachnoid mater c. pia mater d. dura mater

c. pia mater

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes all of the following EXCEPT: Select one: a. spinal nerves b. cranial nerves c. spinal cord d. all of the above are part of the PNS

c. spinal cord

Which of the following is a function of CSF? Select one: a. Protection b. Buoyancy c. Waste removal d. All of these are functions of CSF

d. All of these are functions of CSF

This structure connects the cerebral hemispheres. Select one: a. Midbrain b. Longitudinal Fissure c. Cerebellum d. Corpus Callosum

d. Corpus Callosum

In which lobe of the brain can the primary motor cortex be found? Select one: a. Occipital b. Temporal c. Parietal d. Frontal

d. Frontal

Which part of a cell acts like the mayor of the cell in that it contains DNA, which is the genetic code that regulates the maintenance of the cell and production of new cells? Select one: a. Centrosome b. Golgi apparatus c. Lysosome d. Nucleus

d. Nucleus

The _______ artery supplies the medial surface of the cortex, including the anterior portion of the corpus collosum. Select one: a. posterior cerebral b. middle cerebral c. basilar d. anterior cerebral

d. anterior cerebral

Which of the following terms divides a structure into left and right portions? Select one: a. coronal b. transverse c. medial d. sagittal

d. sagittal

Efferent communication is sensory in nature while afferent communication is motor in nature. Select one: True False

False

Neuron functioning involves both electrical firing at the synapse and chemical firing along the axon. Select one: True False

False

Match each of the following cortical arteries with the brain region it supplies. 1. Anterior cerebral artery 2. Middle cerebral artery 3. Posterior cerebral artery

1. Anterior cerebral artery= Mid-sagittal and ventral frontal surface 2. Middle cerebral artery= Lateral cortical surface, 3. Posterior cerebral artery= Occipital lobe

Dendrites vs. Axons... 1. Transmit information away from the cell body (efferent) 2. Transmit information to the cell body (afferent)

1. Axons 2. Dendrites

Match the following with the correct division of nervous system. 1. Spinal cord 2. Neuromuscular junction 3. Cranial nerves 4. Spinal nerves 5. Cerebellum 6. Upper motor neurons 7. Lower motor neurons

1. Spinal cord= CNS 2. Neuromuscular junction= PNS 3. Cranial nerves= PNS 4. Spinal nerves= PNS 5. Cerebellum= CNS 6. Upper motor neurons= CNS 7. Lower motor neurons= PNS

The neural tube develops into the brain and spinal cord. Select one: True False

True