NU 471 EAQ Leadership

Two nurses are counting narcotics at shift change and find the number of hydrocodone pills is incorrect. After several minutes of searching the medication cart and medication records, no explanation is found. Which nursing personnel would be notified of the discrepancy? 1 Nursing unit manager 2 Hospital administrator 3 Quality control manager 4 Health care provider prescribing the medication

1 Nursing unit manager Controlled substance issues for a particular nursing unit are the responsibility of that unit's nurse manager. Responsibility flows directly from the staff of a nursing unit to the nurse manager; the nurse manager reports to the nurse administrator. There is no direct flow of accountability from the primary nurse to the quality control manager. Health care providers are responsible for medical management issues, not issues associated with management of a nursing unit.

The nursing manager wants to transfer the nurse to the intensive care unit (ICU) and describes the roles and responsibilities of the position in detail to the nurse. After disclosing all details, the nurse manager inquires about the nurse's decision. Which type of principle is the nurse manager following? 1 Justice 2 Veracity 3 Nonmaleficence 4 Respect for others

2 Veracity Veracity concerns telling the truth and demands involved, giving all the facts of a situation truthfully, and then assisting employees to make appropriate decisions. Justice is the principle of treating all persons equally and fairly, and it often arises in times of short supplies of resources. Nonmaleficence states that one should do no harm. Respect for others acknowledges the right of individuals to make decisions and to live by these decisions.

Which responsibility of the nurse manager differs from the responsibilities of the nurse leader? 1 Planning the budget 2 Motivating the team 3 Resolving conflicts 4 Penalizing for poor performance

Budgeting is the responsibility of the nurse manager. The role of the nurse leader is to motivate the nursing subordinates. Resolving conflicts is the responsibility of both the nurse leader and the nurse manager. Penalizing for poor performance is a behavior of transactional leadership.

Which topics being taught by the nurse belong to Covey's characteristics of leadership? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Enabling others to act 2 Inspiring shared vision 3 Believing in other people 4 Radiating positive energy 5 Engaging in lifelong learning

3 Believing in other people 4 Radiating positive energy 5 Engaging in lifelong learning Covey identified eight characteristics of effective leaders. Believing in other people, radiating positive energy, and engaging in lifelong learning are some of Covey's characteristics of leadership. Enabling others to act and inspiring a shared vision are two of Kouzes and Posner's key practices in transformational leadership.

Which factor would the nurse leader consider when selecting a functional care delivery model for the unit? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Clients receive consistent care from one nurse. 2 No client care nursing tasks are delegated to others. 3 Responsibility for achieving client outcomes belongs to the nurse manager. 4 Cost can be high because of the need to employ only registered nurses to provide care. 5 The nurse manager must determine which nurses are competent to be charge nurses.

3 Responsibility for achieving client outcomes belongs to the nurse manager. In a functional model of nursing care delivery, the nurse manager is responsible for achieving client outcomes. In a Case model of nursing care delivery, clients receive consistent care from one nurse, and client care tasks are not delegated. In both the Case and Primary Care nursing models, cost can be high as a result of primarily using only registered nurses to provide care. Charge nurses are used in a Team approach to nursing care delivery.

Which action would the nurse leader take to promote a health care climate where curiosity, reflection, and change are embraced? 1 Serving as a coach or a guide 2 Maintaining a good relationship with the team 3 Working to solve process problems with the team 4 Empowering staff to be lifelong learners and risk takers

4 Empowering staff to be lifelong learners and risk takers The nurse leader who empowers staff to be lifelong learners and risk takers is promoting a health care environment where questioning the status quo, reflecting on processes, and advocating for change when appropriate are welcome and encouraged. The nurse leader would serve as coach, maintain a good relationship with the team, and collaborate with the team to problem-solve, but these actions are not specific to creating a culture of curiosity, reflection, and change.

Which example is representative of a passive strategy for health promotion? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Offering healthy nutrition classes 2 Engaging clients in wellness programs 3 Ensuring that parents to properly use child safety seats 4 Encouraging client engagement in exercise programs 5 Lobbying for government funds to address potential lead in local water

Lobbying for government funds to address potential lead in local water Passive strategies include public health or governmental interventions such as clean water legislation. Active strategies are those that actively engage an individual through changes in lifestyle such as nutrition classes, wellness programs, use of child safety seats, and participation in exercise programs.

A client who was in an accident is admitted to the hospital. Which decision-making approach by the nurse leader indicates the "satisficing" approach? 1 Informing the client's family members 2 Providing preliminary care to the client 3 Waiting for the primary health care provider to initiate treatment 4 Thinking of pros and cons and then performing the action

Providing preliminary care to the client In the satisficing approach to decision-making, the nurse makes a quick decision by selecting an acceptable solution, even if it isn't the best one. The nurse leader makes a decision to provide preliminary care to the client, which meets the objective of treating the client minimally. Informing the client's family members may be the next step after providing preliminary care. Waiting for the primary health care provider to treat the client would not be an effective decision for the nurse leader to make, because it may lead to a serious condition in the client. Thinking of pros and cons and then performing an action indicates the "optimizing approach" of decision-making.

Which action by the registered nurse (RN) represents her or his leadership ability? 1 Pursuing higher professional courses 2 Performing home visits to care for a client 3 Modifying the diet chart as per the client's condition 4 Supervising the tasks assigned to unlicensed nursing personnel

The RN as a leader would supervise the tasks assigned to unlicensed nursing personnel (UNP) to ensure the client's safety. Pursuing higher professional courses can help in self-growth but does not indicate leadership. Performing home visits and modifying a diet chart indicate the roles of the nurse.

The registered nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about leadership principles. Which statement made by a nursing student indicates the need for further teaching? 1 "A leader has a formal position." 2 "A leader intervenes with courage." 3 "A leader organizes a group of colleagues." 4 "A leader is a specific management position after promotion."

"A leader is a specific management position after promotion." A leader does not necessarily have a formal position to indicate that she or he is a leader; rather, leadership refers to performance. Leaders are those medical professionals who can intervene with courage when needed. Leaders are also able to organize a group of colleagues to solve an organizational problem. A nursing medical professional becomes a leader after promotion.

During an interview for the position of manager in health care, the candidate is asked about the important qualities of a successful manager. Which responses would be appropriate? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 "A successful manager should take risks." 2 "A successful manager should tolerate uncertainty." 3 "A successful manager should show willingness to lead and follow peers." 4 "A successful manager should experiment with ideas for a unique situation." 5 "A successful manager should exert power for communication through different channels."

"A successful manager should take risks." "A successful manager should tolerate uncertainty." "A successful manager should experiment with ideas for a unique situation." A successful manager shows positive qualities in her or his work such as taking risks, tolerating uncertainty, and experimenting with new ideas for a unique situation or environment. A willingness to work as a leader, as well as to follow peers where appropriate, is a quality of any good employee depending on the situation; it is not specific to the role of a manager. Exerting the power to communicate through various channels is the trait of a follower.

The nurse leader is teaching a group of student nurses about the five domains of a professional nurse's portfolio necessary for leadership. Which statement of the student nurse indicates a need for correction? 1 "I should be sympathetic." 2 "I should avoid victim responses." 3 "I should deepen self-awareness." 4 "I should focus on goals with delayed gratification."

"I should be sympathetic." The nurse would be empathetic (i.e., the nurse would value differences in perspective and show sensitivity to the experiences of others in a way that demonstrates an ability to reveal another's perspective). The nurse would avoid victim responses and passive-aggressive behaviors to manage emotions of self and others. The nurse would deepen self-awareness to envision the context of what is happening. The nurse would focus on goals with delayed gratification.

The nurse leader is teaching novice leadership skills to a newly appointed leader. Which statements made by the new leader indicate effective learning? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 "I should resolve conflict." 2 "I should deal with difficult people." 3 "I should learn how to work in groups." 4 "I should ensure that operations run smoothly." 5 "I should ensure that well-developed formulas are applied to situations."

"I should resolve conflict." 2 "I should deal with difficult people." 3 "I should learn how to work in groups." Novice leadership skills include resolving conflict, dealing with difficult people, and learning how to work in groups. These skills contribute to future leadership success and can create skills that lead to some expertise. Ensuring that operations run smoothly is a skill of a manager. A manager will ensure that well-developed formulas are applied to situations.

Which statements by the nurse indicate that the organization has no formalized mechanism for nurse input into organizational decision-making? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 "I think my supervisor is not fit for that role." 2 "What would they do if I quit my job right now?" 3 "I can fill out an official complaint about my head nurse." 4 "My organization is providing cultural competency care." 5 "My organization also hires unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)."

"I think my supervisor is not fit for that role." 2 "What would they do if I quit my job right now?" 3 "I can fill out an official complaint about my head nurse." The nurse who works in an organization that has no formalized mechanism for nurse input into organizational decision-making can find informal avenues for influence. Asking thought-provoking questions such as, "What they will do if I quit my job right now?" and having informal discussions based on the statement, "I think my supervisor is not fit for his or her role," are ways to informally create influence. Another way is to fill out an official complaint about a supervisor. The statement, "My organization is providing cultural competency care," does not involve informal discussion. The organization can hire a UAP; this does not indicate failure in implementing a formalized mechanism for nurse input into organizational decision-making.

Which statement made by the nurse indicates being an effective community opinion leader? 1 "I will try to build a society that treats males and females equally." 2 "I will try to follow new innovations in my organization effectively." 3 "I will try to provide culturally competent care to clients effectively." 4 "I will try to conduct research on diseases that do not have a treatment."

"I will try to build a society that treats males and females equally." The community opinion leaders, in partnership with others, can build a more just society. The statement indicating building a society that treats males and females equally makes the nurse an effective community opinion leader. Following the new innovations in the organization indicates the role of the nurse but not of a community opinion leader. Providing culturally competent care and researching diseases that do not have treatments indicate the role of the nurse but not of a community opinion leader.

The nurse manager is teaching the nursing team about funds allocated to health departments for personal health services by local, state, and federal governments. Which statement made by a member of the team would indicate effective learning? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 "The funds provide care for newborns." 2 "The funds provide care for clients with pneumonia." 3 "The funds provide care for clients with dengue." 4 "The funds provide care for clients with tuberculosis." 5 "The funds provide care for children with birth defects."

"The funds provide care for newborns." "The funds provide care for clients with tuberculosis." "The funds provide care for children with birth defects." The funds provided by the local, state, and federal governments for the personal health services include care for newborns, care for clients with communicable diseases such as tuberculosis, and care for children with birth defects. Care for clients with pneumonia or dengue is not included in the funds for personal health services.

Which is an example of a sentinel event? 1 A splenectomy is done on the wrong client. 2 Vital signs are taken every 2 hours instead of every 4 hours per hospital policy. 3 The confused client falls out of bed because the nurse forgot to put up the siderails as ordered. 4 The client receives the incorrect antibiotic in the holding area before a surgical procedure.

1 A splenectomy is done on the wrong client. A sentinel event is an unexpected occurrence involving death, serious physical injury, or psychological injury. An example of a sentinel event is a splenectomy performed on the wrong client. This could result in long-term effects in the client who did not require a splenectomy, as well as the client who needed the procedure but did not receive it as planned. The nurse has the authority to take vital signs more frequently if deemed necessary, as long as it is not more frequent than hospital policy. The confused client who falls out of bed because the nurse did not put up the ordered siderails is an example of negligence. The client receiving the wrong antibiotic is an example of a medication error.

The nurse finds that an 80-year-old client's family is not caring for the client properly. Which action of the nurse indicates leadership quality? 1 Advocating on behalf of the client 2 Discussing the client's problem with another nurse 3 Arranging a permanent accommodation in the hospital 4 Suggesting the family place the client in a long-term health care facility

1 Advocating on behalf of the client The public depends on nurse leaders to move forward the consumer advocacy agenda. As a leader, the nurse would advocate on behalf of the client. Discussing the client's problem with another nurse does not indicate leadership quality. Arranging a permanent accommodation or suggesting a long-term health care facility for the client does not indicate leadership; instead it keeps the client in emotional distress.

Which action would the nurse manager employ during implementation and evaluation of a quality improvement project to decrease hospital readmissions for heart failure clients? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Meeting regularly with staff throughout project implementation 2 Using readmission data for heart failure clients to evaluate project effectiveness 3 Collaborating with staff to address continuing high readmission rates post-project implementation 4 Ensuring that staff are provided time to participate in development and implementation of the new project 5 Coaching staff on effective implementation of the transition of care for heart failure clients being discharged

1 Meeting regularly with staff throughout project implementation 2 Using readmission data for heart failure clients to evaluate project effectiveness 3 Collaborating with staff to address continuing high readmission rates post-project implementation 4 Ensuring that staff are provided time to participate in development and implementation of the new project 5 Coaching staff on effective implementation of the transition of care for heart failure clients being discharged Nurse managers have multiple responsibilities during quality improvement projects, including meeting regularly with staff, using data to determine effectiveness of the initiative, collaborating with staff to develop action plans to address project outcomes not being achieved, ensuring that staff have the time needed to participate in the project, and coaching staff on project implementation.

Which information regarding developmental safety risks for toddlers would the nurse include in a parent education session? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Store matches and lighters out of reach. 2 Install childproof safety locks on cabinets. 3 Ensure the use of safety equipment when riding bicycles. 4 Provide constant supervision around pools and during bath time. 5 Identify and address any potential sources of lead in the child's environment.

1 Store matches and lighters out of reach. 2 Install childproof safety locks on cabinets. 3 Ensure the use of safety equipment when riding bicycles. 4 Provide constant supervision around pools and during bath time. 5 Identify and address any potential sources of lead in the child's environment. The developmental characteristics of toddlers increases the potential for injury. Threats include fires caused by curiosity (such as playing with matches), poisoning from cleaning supplies, falls from bicycles or playground equipment, drowning, and lead poisoning caused by the tendency to put everything in their mouths. Parent education would include strategies to reduce these risks.

Which theory related to leadership is a nontraditional theory that has emerged from the physical and social sciences? 1 Expectancy theory 2 Complexity theory 3 Motivational theory 4 Management theory

2 Complexity theory Complexity theory is a nontraditional theory emerging from the work of the physical sciences and, more recently, social sciences. Expectancy theory posits that motivational behavior is increased by rewarding good and innovative performance; it is not rooted in the physical sciences. Motivational and management theories are traditional theories of leadership.

Which qualities would an effective leader exhibit? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Born with the right stuff 2 Elicit a vision from people 3 Bring out the best in people 4 Engender discipline and obedience 5 Inspire people to bring the vision into reality

2 Elicit a vision from people 3 Bring out the best in people 5 Inspire people to bring the vision into reality Leadership is the ability to elicit a vision from people and to inspire and empower those people to do what it takes to bring the vision into reality. A leadership quality is to bring out the best in people. Leaders are not born with the right stuff; rather they develop these qualities gradually over time when they perform with the right kind of attitude and determination. Leaders must possess the ability to inspire the commitment of followers and allow them to achieve goals autonomously rather than simply engendering discipline and obedience.

Which statement is true regarding leadership? 1 Having the title of chief executive officer indicates a good leader. 2 Leadership is an earned honor and an action-oriented responsibility. 3 Playing an administrative role can automatically place the title of leader on an individual. 4 Strengthening the mission of an organization depends purely on the leader.

2 Leadership is an earned honor and an action-oriented responsibility Leadership is an earned honor, right, and privilege and an action-oriented responsibility that requires a time commitment. Having a title such as chief executive officer or chief nursing officer does not guarantee that a person will be a good leader. Administrative or management roles do not automatically confer the title of leader on an individual. Strengthening the mission of the organization depends on both a good leader and good followers.

Which actions can the mentor take to develop effective leadership qualities in the aspiring leader? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Avoiding criticism 2 Modeling behavior 3 Noting the mistakes 4 Giving timely feedback 5 Providing appropriate advice

2 Modeling behavior 4 Giving timely feedback 5 Providing appropriate advice The mentor would model professional and desired behavior and give timely feedback and appropriate advice to make the aspiring leader an effective leader. The mentor would not criticize, but rather coach the new aspiring leader to develop a personal leadership style. Noting the mistakes without feedback does not help an aspiring leader become an effective leader.

In implementing strategies for improving the quality of an organization, the nurse leader would use which tactics? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Participating actively in quality improvement activities 2 Setting priorities for staff effectiveness and client health outcomes 3 Providing support systems for staff who have been involved in a sentinel event 4 Building infrastructure, providing resources, and removing barriers for improvement 5 Meeting regularly with staff to monitor their progress and help them improve their work

2 Setting priorities for staff effectiveness and client health outcomes 3 Providing support systems for staff who have been involved in a sentinel event 4 Building infrastructure, providing resources, and removing barriers for improvement Setting priorities for staff effectiveness and client health outcomes are the responsibilities of senior leaders. This also includes providing a support system for staff who have been involved in a sentinel event. While preparing the quality improvement plan, the senior leader should build infrastructure, provide resources, and remove barriers for improvement. Participating actively in the quality improvement activities is the responsibility of a follower. The nurse manager has the responsibility of meeting with the staff regularly to monitor their progress and help them improve their work.

Which behavior would the nurse consider suitable for an executive position according to Gardner's tasks of leading/managing? 1 To inspire clients/families to achieve their vision 2 To assist corporate leaders with planning and priority setting 3 To inspire the staff to achieve the mission of the organization 4 To ensure that the organizational systems work on the client's behalf

2 To assist corporate leaders with planning and priority setting According to Gardner's tasks of leading/managing, a behavior of the executive position is to assist corporate leaders with planning and priority setting. Leading inspires clients/families to achieve their vision. A behavior of the management position is to inspire the staff to achieve the mission of the organization. A behavior of the clinical position is to ensure that the organizational systems work on the client's behalf.

Which qualities would the professional nurse require to lead and manage a team? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Being insensitive 2 Impeding relationships 3 Exercising self-awareness 4 Motivating self and others 5 Managing emotions in self and others

3 Exercising self-awareness 4 Motivating self and others 5 Managing emotions in self and others Managing emotions, such as fear, anxiety, and anger, and responding to those feelings in a healthy manner, as well as avoiding passive-aggressive behavior, are traits that the nurse would require to manage a team. The nurse would have the desire to deepen self-awareness and encourage others to do the same to follow in a team. Motivating or inspiring self and others toward a goal is another quality that the nurse would have to lead a team. The nurse would be empathetic and able to reveal others' perspectives in a situation. Fostering and handling relationships is another one of the abilities the nurse would have when leading and managing a team.

While auditing unit documents, the nurse finds some omissions. Which term best describes how to discuss the findings and communicate ways to achieve the desired goals with the staff? 1 Leadership 2 Followership 3 Management 4 Decision-making

3 Management The process of guiding, planning, and controlling others in a situation in which communication is shared to improve clinical processes and outcomes is referred to as management. Leadership can be defined as a process of identifying a goal or target, motivating other people to act, and providing support and motivation to achieve goals. Followership is the process of following the leader or the manager to ensure the best clinical decision-making and actions taken to achieve organizational outcomes. Decision-making is a process of making crucial decisions.

The nurse manager works on a unit where the nursing staff members are uncomfortable taking care of clients from cultures that are different from their own. Which action would the nurse manager take to address this problem? 1 Assign articles about various cultures so that the nurses can become more knowledgeable. 2 Relocate the nurses to units where they will not have to care for clients from a variety of cultures. 3 Rotate the nurses' assignments so they have an equal opportunity to care for clients from other cultures. 4 Plan a workshop that offers opportunities to learn about the cultures the nurses might encounter while at work.

4 Plan a workshop that offers opportunities to learn about the cultures the nurses might encounter while at work. A workshop provides an opportunity to discuss cultural diversity; this should include identification of one's own feelings. Also, it provides an opportunity for participants to ask questions. Although articles provide information, they do not promote a discussion about the topic. Relocation is not feasible or desirable; clients from other cultures are found in all settings. Rotating the nurses' assignments probably will increase tension on the unit.

Which statement characterizes the use of a "satisficing" decision-making model by the nurse leader? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Analytic tools are used to make the decision. 2 The decision is made using agency policies and procedures. 3 Expert opinion and stakeholder views are used to inform the decision. 4 The best option is selected by analyzing pros and cons for each possible option. 5 An acceptable solution that minimally meets the decision objective is

5 An acceptable solution that minimally meets the decision objective is When using a satisficing decision-making model, the nurse leader selects an acceptable solution that may minimally meet the decision objective. The use of analytic tools or agency policy and procedures to make the decision reflects a normative or prescriptive decision-making model. The use of expert opinion and stakeholder input is reflects a descriptive or behavioral approach to decision making. Analyzing the pros and cons to make decisions reflects an optimizing approach to decision making.

The nursing manager issued orders to take the utmost care of a client with myocardial infarction and expects the staff to obey and follow the rules immediately. Which type of decision-making is the manager using? 1 Autocratic 2 Optimizing 3 Laissez-faire 4 Bureaucratic

Autocratic The autocratic method results in rapid decision-making and is more appropriate in a crisis situation. Optimizing decision-making is when the nurse considers both pros and cons of each position. Laissez-faire is a "hands-off" approach, which is taken by manager who chooses to do nothing when intervention is indicated. The bureaucratic style is focused on organizational rules and policies.

Which nurse has the following authority: change plans whenever necessary; function as part of the interprofessional team by communicating, planning, and implementing care directly to the client; and assess the cohort risks? 1 Nurse manager 2 Clinical nurse leader (CNL) 3 Licensed practitioner nurse (LPN) 4 Advanced practice registered nurse (APRN)

Clinical nurse leader (CNL) A CNL is a nurse who has successfully completed the CNL certification examination. A CNL functions as part of the interprofessional team by communicating, planning, and implementing care directly with health care professionals. A CNL has the authority to access the cohort group as well as change the plan of care wherever required. Nurse managers are involved in managing a team of nurses and other staff. LPNs are trainers and work under a registered nurse, gain experience, and learn the basics of nursing. The APRN perspective is supported by in-depth education in physiology, physical assessment, pharmacology, and a broad health care systems perspective.

Which theory states that leaders should expand and respond to a dynamic change rather than prescribing and approaching change as a lock-step, pre-prescribed method? 1 Role theory 2 Chaos theory 3 Complexity theory 4 Organizational theory

Complexity theory Complexity theory states that the leaders should expand and respond to engaging dynamic change and focus on relationships rather than on prescribing and approaching change as a lock-step, pre-prescribed method. Role theory is a framework used to understand how individuals perform within organizations. Chaos is the theoretical construct defining the seemingly random yet deterministic characteristics of complex organizations. Organizational theory is the systematic analysis of how organizations and their component parts act and interact.

The nurse leader is teaching the nursing staff about conflicts in an organization. Which statement is inaccurate regarding conflict in an organization? 1 Conflict may result in poor performance. 2 Conflict is detrimental and should be prevented. 3 Conflict can be constructive if the conflict is excessive. 4 Conflict can be prevented by having open communication.

Conflict can be constructive if the conflict is excessive. If the conflict is too excessive, it may be destructive. Conflicts in an organization may result in poor performance of the employees. Conflict may not be beneficial and should be prevented. The nurse leader should foster open communication and collaboration, which may help in preventing conflicts.

The nursing leader stated, "The reimbursed cost is less than the full charge for a service in the hospital." Which type of health reimbursement is the nurse leader describing? 1 Contractual allowance 2 Value-based purchasing 3 Cost-based reimbursement 4 Prospective payment system

Contractual allowance When the reimbursed cost is less than the full charge for a service in the health organization, a contractual allowance or discount exists. Offering rewards and incentives to high-performing organizations is value-based purchasing. In cost-based reimbursement, all allowable costs are calculated and used as the basis for payment. In a prospective payment system, the third-party payer decides in advance what will be paid for a service or episode of care.

The nurse leader is teaching the staff that the health care provider strives to work effectively within the cultural context of a client. Which cultural principle is the nurse leader explaining? 1 Cultural diversity 2 Cultural sensitivity 3 Cultural imposition 4 Cultural competence

Cultural competence Cultural competence is the process in which the health care provider strives to achieve the ability to work effectively within the cultural context of a client, individual, family, or community. Cultural diversity describes a vast range of cultural differences among individuals or groups. Cultural sensitivity describes the affective behaviors in individuals such as the capacity to feel, convey, and react to ideas, habits, and customs or traditions unique to a group of people. Cultural imposition is defined as the tendency of an individual or group to impose their values, beliefs, and practices on another culture for various reasons.

Which action of the nurse leader is appropriate when preparing to share information with followers? 1 Giving complete information at one time 2 Avoiding sharing information through e-mail 3 Determining which information is to be shared 4 Sending text messages instead of face-to-face communication

Determining which information is to be shared The nurse leader would determine the information that has to be shared with followers but should not give all information at once. The nurse leader would give only limited information; giving too much at once can create disinterest in the listeners. The nurse leader can share information through e-mail, because it is a primary communication method. The nurse leader would use face-to-face communication rather than text messages.

Which is the role of the nurse executive as a leader? 1 Orientation 2 Empowerment 3 Employee selection 4 Financial accountability

Empowerment The role of the nurse executive as the leader is to empower followers or to share the authority with the followers by asking them to actively participate in the given task. Orientation of the employee, employee selection, and financial accountability indicate the roles of the nurse manager as leader.

The chief operating officer conducts an interview for the position of nurse leader and asks about Kotter's eight-step model. Which attribute cited by the nurse relating to helping build momentum is correct? 1 Removing obstacles 2 Building on the change 3 Forming a powerful coalition 4 Anchoring changes in the culture

Forming a powerful coalition The formation of a powerful coalition may help build momentum and support individuals through the change experience. Removing obstacles may keep one alert for barriers in structure. A culture with continuous improvement may be created by building on the changes. The changes in the culture are anchored with the recognition of the people who helped make the changes.

Which model of nursing is focused on the task-oriented approach to client care? 1 Team model 2 Primary model 3 Functional model 4 Case management model

Functional model The functional model of nursing is a method of providing client care by which each licensed and unlicensed staff member performs specific tasks for a large group of clients. Team nursing is a small group of licensed and unlicensed personnel, with a team leader, responsible for providing client care to a group of clients. Primary nursing is a model of client care delivery whereby one registered nurse (RN) functions autonomously as the client's main nurse throughout the entire hospital stay. Case management is a model of delivering client care based on client outcomes and cost containment.

Which actions by the nurse increase safety in the clinical setting? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Wearing a mask when performing daily hygiene 2 Keeping current with evidence and best practices 3 Using only quality resources, especially websites 4 Reporting faulty equipment as soon as discovered 5 Sterilizing all intravenous pumps between clients

Keeping current with evidence and best practices Using only quality resources, especially websites Reporting faulty equipment as soon as discovered Actions by the nurse that increase safety in the clinical setting include keeping current with evidence and best practices, using only quality resources when looking up information, and reporting faulty equipment immediately and not using it until the repairs are completed. Wearing a mask when performing hygiene is not necessary unless the client is in droplet, airborne, or neutropenic precautions. Intravenous pumps should be cleaned with a high-level disinfection, not sterilization, process.

Which nursing-sensitive indicator can be used to evaluate the process of nursing care? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Client falls 2 Pressure ulcers 3 Nurse job satisfaction 4 Supply of nursing staff 5 Skill level of nursing staff

Nurse job satisfaction Nursing-sensitive indicators reflect the structure, process, and outcomes of nursing care. Job satisfaction can be used to evaluate the process of nursing care. Client falls and pressure ulcers reflect care outcomes. Supply and skill level of nursing staff can be used to evaluate the nursing care structure.

Which characteristic would be important for the nurse leader to use to be effective? 1 Autocratic behavior 2 Problem-solving skills 3 Culture of zero tolerance for violence 4 Emphasis on inconsistent job performance

Problem-solving skills Expertise in problem-solving skills is an effective leadership quality that is increased by risk-taking behaviors by the nurse leader. Adapting autocratic behavior may lead to ineffective leadership. A culture of zero tolerance for violence is an ineffective leadership strategy. Emphasis on consistent job performance is the characteristic of an effective manager.

Which theory states that leaders act as change catalysts and innovators? 1 Role theory 2 Trait theory 3 Quantum theory 4 McGregor's Theory X

Quantum theory Quantum theory states that leaders must embrace uncertainty and understand behaviors before changing them. Quantum leaders represent change catalysts and innovators. Role theory is a collection of concepts that predict circumstances under which certain types of behaviors are expected. Trait theory is a leadership theory in which leadership traits such as a certain set of physical and emotional characteristics are innate and cannot be learned. McGregor's Theory X describes the workforce motivation by assuming that people basically do not like their work and must be coerced by their manager to perform.

Which model of ethics considers broad social issues and involves accountability to the overall institution? 1 Autonomy model 2 Paternalistic model 3 Social justice model 4 Patient-benefit model

Social justice model The social justice model considers broad social issues and is accountable to the whole institution. An ethics committee follows the autonomy model to facilitate decision-making for a competent client. The paternalistic model is a type of decision-making style in which the nurse manager decides what to do. The patient-benefit model is accountable in substituted judgment (asking the client caregivers what the client requires in this type of situation).

Which nursing action occurring within a recently implemented falls reduction program indicates the need for additional staff education? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Using gait belts for client transfers and ambulation 2 Placing a bedside commode for a client experiencing incontinence 3 Establishing an elimination schedule for clients experiencing confusion 4 Placing a fall pad on the floor by the bed of a client with a high risk for falls 5 Stabilizing a client with hypotension in a standing position for 5 minutes before ambulating

Stabilizing a client with hypotension in a standing position for 5 minutes before ambulating Clients experiencing hypotension should dangle on the side of the bed for 5 minutes before ambulation. Fall risk reduction programs include using gait belts for transfers and ambulation, using bedside commodes, establishing an elimination schedule, and placing fall pads.

As a part of informed consent, a surgeon explains to the client scheduled for surgery the details of the surgery and the related care. The nurse leader witnesses the complete procedure. Which information would the nurse leader ensure was provided to the client? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Surgical procedure 2 Name of the surgeon 3 Explanation of the possible risks 4 Anesthetic medication used during preoperation 5 Name of the staff members who will be in the surgery

Surgical procedure 2 Name of the surgeon 3 Explanation of the possible risks Informed consent must be done according to legal guidelines. It is an authorization by the client to perform a surgery or procedure on them. The detail about the procedure of the surgery must be provided. It also informs the client about the name of the person who is performing the procedure. A description of the possible risks of the procedure is conveyed through informed consent. The name and type of anesthetic medication to be used may not be included in the informed consent. The name of the staff members involved in the surgery may not be a part of the informed consent.

The nurse manager oversees an organization that provides secondary care for clients with cancer. Which service would be provided by this type of organization? 1 Providing long-term care for fatigue 2 Providing treatment for pain management 3 Teaching the client about prevention of infection 4 Teaching the client about adverse effects of the therapy

Teaching the client about prevention of infection Secondary care involves the prevention of disease complications. Teaching clients about the prevention of infection would help prevent complications, because cancer clients are at high risk for infection. Long-term care for fatigue would be included as primary or tertiary care, not secondary care. Treatment for chronic care such as pain management in cancer clients is a type of primary care provided to a client. Primary care involves health maintenance measures such as teaching the client about adverse effects of the therapy.

Which strategy of the nurse leader regarding the quality improvement (QI) process requires revising? 1 The focus is on correcting errors. 2 The task includes staff development. 3 The leader involves the interprofessional team. 4 Outcomes are set with input from clients and staff.

The focus is on correcting errors. The QI process focuses mainly on preventing errors rather than correcting them. The task of the QI process includes staff development. The team of the QI process involves the interprofessional team and the outcomes are set with the input of clients and the staff.

Which internal factors affect the decision-making process of a leader? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Time 2 Values 3 Interest 4 Resources 5 Knowledge

Values Interest Knowledge Values, interests, and knowledge are the internal factors that affect the decision-making process of a leader. Time and resources are the external factors that affect the decision-making of a leader.

Which factors would the nurse leader consider before the purchase of a new therapeutic treatment system for the neonatal intensive care unit? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 What data is to be collected 2 What information might be gained 3 What nursing evaluation activities it will reduce 4 Which nursing observations and assessment it can replace 5 How collected data can be used to provide new knowledge

What data is to be collected What information might be gained How collected data can be used to provide new knowledge When considering a new biomedical technology, the nurse leader must consider what data is to be collected, what information might be gained, and how the collected data will be used to provide new knowledge. Biomedical technology supplements nursing activities but does not replace skilled evaluation, observation, or assessment.

In providing effective nursing care to clients from different cultural backgrounds, which strategy would the nurse follow? 1 Advise clients that some cultural practices may be harmful to health. 2 Provide care that fits the clients' cultural beliefs. 3 Strictly adhere to organization policies regarding nursing care. 4 Ignore the cultural aspect and focus on the medical aspect of care.

When providing care to clients from different cultural backgrounds, nurses would be careful to provide care that fits the client's cultural beliefs. It helps provide effective nursing care to the satisfaction of the client. Advising clients against their cultural practices may offend them and should be avoided. Organization policies should be made flexible to incorporate cultural aspects of care. Ignoring the cultural aspect of client care may result in ineffective nursing care.