NUR 113 - Blood & Blood Products Practice Questions Test

A nurse cares for a client who follows the Jehovah's Witness religion. The nurse realizes that this client is likely to refuse what type of treatment? A. Blood transfusion B. Surgery that includes removal of body parts C. Medication that may alter level of consciousness D. Procedures or tests scheduled on a holy day

A. Blood transfusion

During a blood transfusion with packed red blood cells (RBCs), a client reports chills, low back pain, and nausea. What priority action should the nurse take? A. Discontinue the infusion immediately and maintain the IV line with normal saline solution using new IV tubing B. Discontinue the infusion immediately and notify the physician C. Slow the infusion rate and continue to monitor the client every 15 minutes D. Observe for additional symptoms and notify the physician

A. Discontinue the infusion immediately and maintain the IV line with normal saline solution using new IV tubing

A nurse is administering a blood transfusion to a child. About 35 minutes after beginning the transfusion, the child develops pruritus and urticaria. Some wheezing is noted. Which action would the nurse take first? A. Discontinue the transfusion B. Obtain a blood culture C. Give an iron-chelating agent D. Ask the health care provide for a prescription for a diuretic

A. Discontinue the transfusion

A patient has suffered from a gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Which agent will assist in raising the hemoglobin? A. Epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit) B. Pentoxifylline (Pentoxil) C. Estazolam (ProSom) D. Dextromethorphan hydrobromide

A. Epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit)

Which statement best describes the function of fibrinogen? A. Plays a key role in forming blood clots B. Functions primarily as an immunological agent C. Helps maintain osmotic pressure D. Helps prevent or modify some types of infectious diseases

A. Plays a key role in forming blood clots

One hour after a transfusion of packed red blood cells (RBCs) is started, a client develops redness on the trunk and reports itching. The nurse stops the RBC infusion and administers diphenhydramine 25 mg po, as ordered. Thirty minutes later, the redness and itching are gone. What action should the nurse take next? A. Resume the transfusion B. Obtain blood and urine samples from the client C. Position the client in an upright position with the feet in a dependent position D. Send the blood back to the blood bank

A. Resume the transfusion

The nurse should notify the healthcare provider before administering fresh frozen plasma (FFP) based on which assessment finding? A. White sclera B. Jugular venous distention C. Strong pedal pulses D. Absence of tenting skin turgor

B. Jugular venous distention

A patient receiving plasma develops transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) 4 hours after the transfusion. What type of aggressive therapy does the nurse anticipate the patient will receive to prevent death from the injury? (Select all that apply.) A. Serial chest x-rays B. Oxygen C. Fluid support D. Intubation and mechanical ventilation E. Intra-aortic balloon pump

B. Oxygen C. Fluid support D. Intubation and mechanical ventilation

The nurse is administering 2 units of packed RBCs to an older adult patient who has a bleeding duodenal ulcer. The patient begins to experience difficulty breathing and the nurse assesses crackles in the lung bases, jugular vein distention, and an increase in blood pressure. What action by the nurse is necessary if the reaction is severe? (Select all that apply.) A. Continue the infusion but slow the rate down B. Place the patient in an upright position with the feet dependent C. Administer diuretics as prescribed D. Discontinue the transfusion E. Administer oxygen

B. Place the patient in an upright position with the feet dependent C. Administer diuretics as prescribed D. Discontinue the transfusion E. Administer oxygen

The nurse is planning to initiate a blood transfusion. Which solution should the nurse select to prime the tubing when preparing to administer the blood? A. lactated Ringer's solution B. normal saline C. 5% dextrose in half-normal saline D. 5% dextrose in water

B. normal saline

The nurse expects which assessment finding when caring for a client with a decreased hemoglobin level? A. Bright red venous blood B. Elevated temperature C. Decreased oxygen level D. Increased bruising

C. Decreased oxygen level

A client with severe anemia is admitted to the hospital. Because of religious beliefs, the client is refusing blood transfusions. The nurse anticipates pharmacologic therapy with which drug to stimulate the production of red blood cells? A. Filgrastim B. Sargramostim C. Epoetin alfa D. Eltrombopag

C. Epoetin alfa

The nurse began transfusing the first unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) fifteen minutes ago. The client begins complaining of shortness of breath, nausea, and is restless. What is the nurse's priority action? A. Flush the blood tubing with normal saline B. Discontinue the intravenous line C. Stop the infusion D. Notify the primary care provider

C. Stop the infusion

The nurse is monitoring a blood transfusion for a client with anemia. Five minutes after the transfusion begins, the client reports feeling short of breath and itchy. What is the priority nursing action? A. Reassure the client that the feelings are associated with anxiety, and will pass B. Confirm the shortness of breath by listening to the client's lungs C. Stop the transfusion D. Increase rate of infusion to restore blood volume more quickly

C. Stop the transfusion

A client verbalizes fear of infection from a blood transfusion. What is the nurse's best response? A. "The risk of transmission of HIV is so low, there's no need to worry." B. "Blood typing is more important than testing for infection." C. "There is no need for testing unless you have a history of a transfusion reaction." D. "Every unit of donated blood is typed and tested for antibodies to infections."

D. "Every unit of donated blood is typed and tested for antibodies to infections."

The nurse is preparing a client who is Jehovah's Witness for surgery. The client states, "Please make sure I do not receive a blood transfusion." How should the nurse respond? A. "I will have to contact your surgeon to cancel your procedure." B. "What if the blood transfusion was needed to save your life?" C. "When you are in the operating room, your surgeon will make decisions." D. "Have you discussed alternatives to blood transfusions with your surgeon?"

D. "Have you discussed alternatives to blood transfusions with your surgeon?"