Nursing 101

If a healthcare provider fails to order a test or screening because he assumes that a female patient must have already had one, he is engaging in

A) gender discrimination B) cultural formulation C) cultural pain D) gender formulation -->none of the above

Social scientists believe that racial identity is socially constructed through

A) political and legal institutions. B) economics. C) social organizations. D) scientific institutions. -->all of the above.

In order for people to receive adequate health care, a number of potential barriers need to be addressed

Accessibility Affordability Approachability -->All of the above

What should the health professional do if they feel they have caused 'cultural pain'?

Act on this feeling and ask if they said or did something offensive

Nurses need to become knowledgeable about drugs that are likely to elicit varied responses in people with different ethnic backgrounds as well as for:

Adverse effects

Name the three potential sources of disparities in health care

Bias, discrimination, stereotyping

In contemporary US society, many individuals, probably the majority, are, or consider themselves to be _____, which is not the same as being biracial or multiracial.

Bicultural

For the description provided select the appropriate model. The focus of this model is on the process of cultural competence, not on being culturally competent utilizing the five constructs.

Campinha-Bacote's The Process of Cultural Competency in the Delivery of Health Care Services

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Uncertainty a healthcare professional has relative to the condition of the patient that can contribute to disparities in treatment

Clinical uncertainty

_____ is the way by which culture is transmited and preserved.

Communication

Giger and Davidhizar's transcultural assessment model focuses on the six phenomena they believe shapes care:

Communication, space, social organization, time, environment control and biologic variations.

The easiest and quickest way to assess _____ is to ask the patient to repeat back an explanation or instruction.

Comprehension

The reflective paper that you are writing directly addresses which part of Campinha-Bacote's Model of Culturally Competent Care? Pick the best answer

Cultural Awareness

The self-examination and in-depth exploration of one's cultural background

Cultural Awareness

The motivation of the healthcare professional to "want to" engage in the process of becoming culturally competent?

Cultural Desire

The process which encourages the healthcare professional to directly engage in face-to-face interactions with clients from culturally diverse backgrounds

Cultural Encounters

The process of seeking and obtaining a sound educational base about culturally diverse groups.

Cultural Knowledge

The ability to collect relevant cultural data regarding the client's presenting problem as well as accurately perform a culturally-based, physical assessment

Cultural Skill

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Goes beyond knowing the values, beliefs, practices, and customs of diverse groups to include religious affiliations, language, sexual orientation, disability, socioeconomic status, geographical location, and more.

Cultural diversity

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Recognition of the limitations of one's own cultural perspective that makes one work toward overcoming this perspective to provide better nursing care to all patients

Cultural humility

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Arises from unaddressed cultural differences between healthcare providers and their patients

Culturally discordant care

Quality care is not possible if the provider lacks sensitivity to the patient's _____.

Culture

According to the ANA reading on cultural diversity there are the three things that a nurse-patient encounter includes relative to culture. Which of the following is not one of those?

Culture of the city

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Key tool to attempt to overcome healthcare disparities

Education

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: A field of study that investigates variant responses to drugs in ethnic and racial groups

Ethnic pharmacology

Canales, in her article "Othering: Toward an Understanding of Difference" describes a process of othering which she defines as using "the power within relationships for...domination and subordination...the consequences ... of this form of othering are often alienation, marginalization, decreased opportunities and exclusion". Which form of othering is she describing?

Exclusionary othering

An underlying assumption of the relative impact of culture on health beliefs and behaviors is that there is little to no relationship between strong cultural identities and health beliefs and practices

False

When interacting with any patient you can be sure that a handshake and a pat on the back will put them at ease and communicate warmth.

False

You are taking care of two patients who have undergone major surgery. One has been very expressive, crying out in pain, while the other has been very quiet. You can assume that the one who is more expressive needs more medication while the quiet one is experiencing little to no pain.

False

You as an individual can do little to reduce health care disparities and improve the health care experiences for ethnically and racially diverse patients because change can only be effective on a system or policy level

False

While effective health care communication is important it will have little effect on how motivated our patients will be to manage their own health

Flase

For the description provided select the appropriate model. Although all cultures are not the same, they share the same basic organizational factors: environmental control, biologic variations, social organization, communication, space, and time orientation.

Giger and Davidhizar Transcultural Assessment Model

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Diseases, disorders, and conditions that disproportionately afflict members of racial, ethnic, minority, underserved, and other vulnerable groups

Health disparities

What is the main point made by Jones relative to the problem of health disparities?

Health disparities are a moral wrong that must be addressed.

When completing a cultural assessment which of the following areas should the nurse assess first?

His/her (the nurse's) own cultural values

Canales also describes another form of othering which she defines as "a process that attempts to utilize power within relationships for transformation and coalition building. The consequences ... for this form of Othering are consciousness raising, sense of community, shared power, and inclusion". Which form of Othering is she describing?

Inclusionary othering

Interdisciplinary Healthcare

Incorporates practitioners with overlapping skills

For the description provided select the appropriate model. The nurse must understand the values, beliefs, and practices of the patient's culture.

Leininger's Sunrise Model

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Personal standards for determining right from wrong.

Morals

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Primary standard utilized for ethical decision-making in nursing and medicine that includes questions about what ethical principles and values should be adopted, what reasons count as ethical reasons, what actions should be performed in a certain situation, and why some principles or values should be chosen over others.

Normative ethics

Which of the following is not true about health care disparities in the US according to the readings

Patient factors such as religious and cultural beliefs have no impact on health care disparities.

For the description provided select the appropriate model. The model provides a framework that allows the nurse to reflect on and consider each patient's unique human characteristics, such as motivation, intenionality, and meaning when planning for and providing patient care

Purnell and Paulanka Model of Cultural Competence

Kawachi et al., make the following main argument about how we should approach the issue of reducing/eliminating health disparities. They argue that the best interpretation of racial disparities in health is one that views

Race and class as separate and important constructs

_____ [2 words] seems to be the most important predictor of health status

Socioeconomic status

You notice that when interacting with a female Muslim client that she turns away from you and seems noticeably uneasy. You are talking with her about sexually transmitted diseases and birth control. Based on your knowledge of factors that influence communication which is the most likely reason for the client's behavior?

The situation being discussed.

In the film we watched about understanding race one point the film made was that there is not a scientific basis for how racial categories such as Asian and African American are determined.

True

The profession of nursing has a culture of its own and one that a nursing student will be socialized into throughout her/his education and entry into the profession

True

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Provides framework for decision-making

Values

A cultural mismatch is what occurs when people:

Violate each other's cultural expectations

For the definition provided, select the appropriate term: Disease-oriented with the goal of determining the biologic or pathologic cause and executing a cure for that disease process

Western biomedical model

Homosexuality is:

a type of sexual identity

According to one study, inadequate nurse staffing is associated with

adverse patient outcomes.

Immigration and birth rate statistics suggest that cross-cultural encounters between and among patients and healthcare workers are expected to

increase greatly.

While the number of nurses has grown dramatically in recent years, the following populations are under-represented among nurses today:

men and minorities

Members of the LGBT population sometimes avoid seeking medical care because

of insensitivity and discrimination among some healthcare workers

People having different cultural values should be ______ , and the health care offered and provided should be _____ of the patient's cultural values whenever possible.

respected, inclusive