nutrition exam 1

Which of the following statements is true? Group of answer choicesA theory is a proposed explanation for an observation or specific problem that can be tested through experimentation.A proposed explanation for an observation is called a hypothesis.In a controlled experiment, the group that is NOT subjective to treatment is called the treatment group.Epidemiological studies determine cause-and-effect relationships.

A proposed explanation for an observation is called a hypothesis

Which of the following statements is false? Group of answer choicesA slice of apple pie has the same nutrient density as eating a medium-sized apple.Over time, consuming excess or insufficient amounts of one or more nutrients will result in malnutrition.Minerals are classified as micronutrients.Choosing a variety of foods is important because no single food can provide all the nutrients the body needs for optimal health.

A slice of apple pie has the same nutrient density as eating a medium-sized apple

examples of phytochemicals

Carotenoids: gives fruit and veggies their rich color

Which statement best describes nutrient density? A) Choose a number of different foods within any given food group rather than the "same old thing." B) Consume a variety of foods from My Pyramid's five major food groups every day. C) Plan your entire day's diet so that you don't over consume nutrient sources. D) Consume foods that have the most nutrition for their calories.

Consume foods that have the most nutrition for their calories

Which would be best described as an emotional or psychologically-driven food choice?Answers: Eating chocolate or ice cream after a bad day at work Eating corn on the cob when in season Eating ethnic foods you ate as a child Eating foods specific to religious practices

Eating chocolate or ice cream after a bad day at work

Which is NOT an example of moderation in your diet and lifestyle?a) Going back for seconds on all dinner items, rather than just the item you like bestb) Eating dessert occasionallyc) Balancing an extra dessert with extra exercised) Sharing a restaurant entrée or dessert with your dinner companion

Going back for seconds on all dinner items, rather than just the item you like best

The 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans are Group of answer choicesToo complicated for most people to follow.Helpful in meal planning.Not based on current research.Not readily available to the general public.

Helpful in meal planning

The slow movement of food stuff through the ___ favors the growth of microflora

Large intestines

Which of the following statements is false? Group of answer choicesBy law, food labels must contain the common name of the food product.The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1994 enforces that food companies include the necessary information on the food label.Health claims link the nutritional profile of food to a reduced risk of a particular disease.The ingredients on a food label are listed in alphabetical order.

The ingredients on a food label are listed in alphabetical order

Which of the following statement regarding the AMDRs is false?

They are available for vitamins and minerals

Which of the following statements about DRI is not correct?

They are minimum requirements, not recommendations.

All food labels must include Group of answer choicesAn illustration of the MyPlate icon.A list of ingredients in the product.The Tolerable Upper Intake Level for each nutrient.A list of all pesticides used in the production.

a list of ingredients

To obtain a broad mix of nutrients, recommendations is to eat

a variety of different foods

the pH of the stomach is

acidic

The MyPlate icon Group of answer choicesDivides foods into 4 food groups.Replaces the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.All of these are true.Illustrates the appropriate portions of foods.

all of these

Which of the following is used to assess nutritional status?Option A: nutritional analysis of the dietOption B: medical history and physical examinationOption C: measurements of body dimensions lab tests

all of these

According to nutrition labeling laws, what two minerals must be listed on the package label as a percent Daily Value?

calcium and iron

the unit of measure that is used in nutrition science that expresses the amount of energy provided by a food is a(n):a) calorieb) nutrientc)nutrient-dense foodd) unit of glucose

calorie

amylase begins the digest ____ in the mouth

carbohydrate

What is the name given to partially digested food in the stomach?

chyme

The observations and hypotheses that arise from epidemiology can be tested using a) clinical trials. b) control group design. c) experimental group design. d) the peer review process

clinical trials

When you eat a taco, the tortilla, meat, cheese, lettuce, and tomato are broken apart, releasing the nutrients and other food components they contain. This process is called

digestion

As an emulsifier, bile is needed for the

digestion of fat

Which of the following would help alleviate constipation most effectively?

drinking more water while consuming more fiber

Protein molecules that increase the rate of specific chemical reactions without themselves being charged are

enzyme

which organ carries food from the mouth into the stomach

esophagus

Nutrient deficiency diseases, such as iron-deficiency anemia and osteoporosis, have been virtually eliminated in America. T/F?

false

Which of the following products of digestion is NOT normally released directly into the bloodstream?

fats

which of the following substances is not absorbed by the human body

fiber

Why is it better to obtain your vitamins and minerals from foods than from dietary supplements?

foods provide a greater variety of phytochemicals and zoochemicals, dietary supplements are more likely to contain toxic amounts of nutrients, and foods provide pleasurable tastes and aromas.

Which of the following is not an organic compound? Group of answer choicesGlucoseCholesterolAmino acidsIron

iron

The digestive organ that contains the largest population of helpful bacteria is the

large intestine

Which of the following substances are absorbed into a lacteal?

lipids

All of the following are examples of macronutrients EXCEPT: proteins carbohydrates lipids minerals

minerals

The top three causes of death in the US include stroke, cancer, and heart disease. All of these conditions are thought to be exacerbated by a) high intake of diet soda. b) lack of sleep. c) low intake of phytochemicals. d) obesity

obesity

During digestion, food travels through all of the following organs except the

pancrease

_____ is the part of both the gastrointestinal and respiratory system and is responsible for swallowing

pharynx

The function of mucus in the stomach is to:

protect stomach cells from autodigestion

DRIs vary based on each of these EXCEPT:Answers:age.gender.lifestyle stage.race.

race

reliable scientific research will include all of the following except

reporting results to the news media

Why is there little or no digestion of starch (CHO) in the stomach?

salivary enzymes don't work in an acidic environment

When comparing labels to select the most healthful food products, it is important to determine theA. DRIs that were used as standards for the products.B. state or countryC. where the products were manufactured.net weight of the products.D.serving size of the products.

serving size of the products.

The three main functions of nutrients include all of the following EXCEPT:a) contributing to the structure of our body.b) providing us with energy.c) regulating biological processes in the body.d) speeding up our metabolism.

speeding up our metabolism.

When judging nutrition information, which is the least important factor?

the number of authors

Currently, most Americans consume macronutrients within the recommended AMDR.

true

Diet affects your health, but diet alone does no determine whether you will develop a particular disease.

true

For most nutrients, exceeding the Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) through food consumption is difficult.T/F

true

Nutrients are used for energy or to synthesize substances in the body after they are absorbed.

true

The AMDR for fat is 20-35% of daily calories.

true

Suzie is a stay-at-home mom who generally prepares the majority of meals for her family. Even though she always prepares meals that offer enough calories and nutrients for her family of four, she tends to make the same meals again and again. Which one of the characteristics of healthy diet planning is Suzie not incorporating into her meal planning?

variety

Which of the nutrients listed below does not provide energy for the body? a.Carbohydrate b.vitamin D c.Fat d.Protein

vitamin D

With the exception of _______, all the classes of nutrients are involved in forming and maintaining the body's structure.

vitamins