nutrition final // chapter 16

Which of the following are true statements about the relationship between nutrition and immune function?

Diarrheal disease impairs nutritional status. Zinc and iron are vital for resistance to infectious disease. Poor vitamin A status increases susceptibility to infection.

Which of the following innovations may help to lessen world hunger for years to come?

Drought-resistant crops Self-fertilizing crops Pest-resistant crops

How has the Peace Corps helped to improve conditions in developing nations?

Education

True or false: Direct food aid is a long-term solution that should be utilized for developing countries.

False

What situation associated with malnutrition is often a result of crop failures, war, and political unrest?

Famine

What is the primary cause of undernutrition in the developing world?

Inequitable food distribution

Which program became available to help children who come to school hungry?

School Breakfast Program

Undernutrition is particularly damaging during periods of growth, such as infancy, childhood, and pregnancy.

True

Corn has been genetically modified by insertion of a gene that

confers pest resistance.

Civil disruptions and wars _____ massive undernutrition and set back progress of addressing poverty.

contribute to

War can lead to malnutrition because

damage to the infrastructure disrupts water sanitation. roads that are used to transport food may be impassable. bombing can leave citizens without homes.

One specific target of the Sustainable Development Goals is to eliminate gender disparity by increasing women's access to

education. information and communication technologies. economic resources.

__________ is an extreme shortage of food, which leads to massive starvation in a population.

famine

The manipulation of the genetic makeup of an organism with recombinant DNA technology is known as

genetic engineering.

________ is the primarily physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food.

hunger

The long-term solution for getting food aid to developing countries is to

improve infrastructure.

The gender and development approach to improving nutrition security aims to

improve women's access to education, technology, and economic resources.

Which of the following are associated with chronic hunger?

increased susceptibility to infection. reduced energy and strength. impaired ability to learn.

Worldwide hunger is primarily an outcome of

inequitable distribution of food resources around the world.

Chronic hunger is associated with increased susceptibility to ______ disease.

infectious

In the grocery store, SNAP participants may use their EBT cards to purchase

seeds to grow food. carrots. milk. breakfast cereal.

Older adults need nutrient-dense diets because

they must meet micronutrient requirements without exceeding energy requirements.

Approximately _____ percent of people in the United States are living at or below the poverty level.

12%

In 2020, the average Federal Poverty Level for a family of four (across all states except Alaska and Hawaii) was $26,200 per year. Approximately ______ Americans live at or below the Federal Poverty Level.

40 million

At what stage of pregnancy is birth considered to be preterm?

Before 37 weeks

How is HIV transmitted from person to person?

Bodily fluids

Why is poverty increasing in the developing world? Select all that apply.

Depletion of natural resources The burden of AIDS Political and civil unrest

What is it called when the quality, variety, and/or desirability of the diet are reduced and there is difficulty at times providing enough food for everyone in the household?

Food insecurity

__________ has been identified as a disease that significantly contributes to undernutrition in developing nations because it reduces worker productivity and costs so much to treat.

HIV/AIDS

Select the ways in which HIV/AIDS impacts nutrition security

High medical costs leave less funds to purchase food. Frequent illnesses decrease the capacity to work.

What are the two things that almost always contribute to undernutrition in developing countries?

Inadequate shelter Lack of sanitation

Which of the following is true about the HIV virus?

It has limited ability to survive outside the body.

What are some issues that keep the homeless from obtaining food assistance?

Lack of cooking facilities Political policies that prohibit individuals or groups from sharing food with the poor or homeless Food pantries and soup kitchens may not have enough supplies to meet the needs of the communities they serve.

Terry wants to distribute food to the homeless people in his community. Which of the following foods would be most useful for a homeless person?

Loaf of bread and a jar of peanut butter

What is the term for failing health that results from long-standing dietary practices that do not coincide with nutritional needs?

Malnutrition

__________ is failing health that results from long-standing dietary practices that do not coincide with nutritional needs

Malnutrition

Low-income children of school age are eligible for Multiple choice question.

National School Lunch Program

Which of the following are considerations of sustainable agriculture?

Social responsibility Environmental health Economic profitability

______ deficiency is a leading cause of preventable blindness around the world.

Vitamin A

What is the name of the program that provides food vouchers and nutrition education to pregnant and lactating women and their children?

WIC

Select the nutrients that are integrally involved in proper immune function from the list below.

Zinc Vitamin A Protein

SNAP recipients are given ______ to purchase food and garden seeds.

an electronic benefit transfer (EBT) card

Areas in which the Peace Corps has helped to improve conditions in developing nations are to:

build structures provide food provide medical supplies

Older adults are more vulnerable to undernutrition than young adults because

depression can decrease the drive to eat. many older adults have fixed incomes after they retire from work. declining physical and mental function affects their ability to obtain and prepare food

Environmentally unsustainable farming methods are undermining food production especially in

developing countries.

Events similar to those that cause situational poverty -- a medical emergency, death in the family, loss of a job --can lead to ___

homelessness

Poverty and ______ are largely associated with persistent hunger and food insecurity.

homelessness.

Food ______ is when the quality, variety, and/or desirability of the diet is reduced and there is difficulty at times providing enough food for everyone in the household.

insecurity

Choose the micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) that are most critically missing from diets worldwide.

iron zinc vitamin A folate

Undernutrition is particularly damaging during infancy and childhood because a lack of energy and nutrients can negatively affect

mortality risk. intellectual and social development. immune function. growth.

In the developing world, agricultural production is

not sustainable for the long term. depleting natural resources.

Genetic engineering is the manipulation of the genetic makeup of any organism with

recombinant DNA technology.

More than 90% of the ______ produced in the United States have been genetically modified to resist pests and improve crop yields

soybeans

Maintaining or enhancing the land and natural resources for the long term, social responsibilities of human resources, and consumer health and safety are all principles of

sustainable agriculture.

True or false: The first farmer to improve stock by selectively breeding the best bull with the best cows was implementing biotechnology.

true

True or false: Genetic modification to produce crops with increased micronutrient content may help to reduce malnutrition in some areas of the world.

truuuue

The consequences of a preterm birth include

weakened immune system reduced lung function.

What does WIC stand for?

women infant children