nutrition final // chapter 16
Which of the following are true statements about the relationship between nutrition and immune function?
Diarrheal disease impairs nutritional status. Zinc and iron are vital for resistance to infectious disease. Poor vitamin A status increases susceptibility to infection.
Which of the following innovations may help to lessen world hunger for years to come?
Drought-resistant crops Self-fertilizing crops Pest-resistant crops
How has the Peace Corps helped to improve conditions in developing nations?
Education
True or false: Direct food aid is a long-term solution that should be utilized for developing countries.
False
What situation associated with malnutrition is often a result of crop failures, war, and political unrest?
Famine
What is the primary cause of undernutrition in the developing world?
Inequitable food distribution
Which program became available to help children who come to school hungry?
School Breakfast Program
Undernutrition is particularly damaging during periods of growth, such as infancy, childhood, and pregnancy.
True
Corn has been genetically modified by insertion of a gene that
confers pest resistance.
Civil disruptions and wars _____ massive undernutrition and set back progress of addressing poverty.
contribute to
War can lead to malnutrition because
damage to the infrastructure disrupts water sanitation. roads that are used to transport food may be impassable. bombing can leave citizens without homes.
One specific target of the Sustainable Development Goals is to eliminate gender disparity by increasing women's access to
education. information and communication technologies. economic resources.
__________ is an extreme shortage of food, which leads to massive starvation in a population.
famine
The manipulation of the genetic makeup of an organism with recombinant DNA technology is known as
genetic engineering.
________ is the primarily physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food.
hunger
The long-term solution for getting food aid to developing countries is to
improve infrastructure.
The gender and development approach to improving nutrition security aims to
improve women's access to education, technology, and economic resources.
Which of the following are associated with chronic hunger?
increased susceptibility to infection. reduced energy and strength. impaired ability to learn.
Worldwide hunger is primarily an outcome of
inequitable distribution of food resources around the world.
Chronic hunger is associated with increased susceptibility to ______ disease.
infectious
In the grocery store, SNAP participants may use their EBT cards to purchase
seeds to grow food. carrots. milk. breakfast cereal.
Older adults need nutrient-dense diets because
they must meet micronutrient requirements without exceeding energy requirements.
Approximately _____ percent of people in the United States are living at or below the poverty level.
12%
In 2020, the average Federal Poverty Level for a family of four (across all states except Alaska and Hawaii) was $26,200 per year. Approximately ______ Americans live at or below the Federal Poverty Level.
40 million
At what stage of pregnancy is birth considered to be preterm?
Before 37 weeks
How is HIV transmitted from person to person?
Bodily fluids
Why is poverty increasing in the developing world? Select all that apply.
Depletion of natural resources The burden of AIDS Political and civil unrest
What is it called when the quality, variety, and/or desirability of the diet are reduced and there is difficulty at times providing enough food for everyone in the household?
Food insecurity
__________ has been identified as a disease that significantly contributes to undernutrition in developing nations because it reduces worker productivity and costs so much to treat.
HIV/AIDS
Select the ways in which HIV/AIDS impacts nutrition security
High medical costs leave less funds to purchase food. Frequent illnesses decrease the capacity to work.
What are the two things that almost always contribute to undernutrition in developing countries?
Inadequate shelter Lack of sanitation
Which of the following is true about the HIV virus?
It has limited ability to survive outside the body.
What are some issues that keep the homeless from obtaining food assistance?
Lack of cooking facilities Political policies that prohibit individuals or groups from sharing food with the poor or homeless Food pantries and soup kitchens may not have enough supplies to meet the needs of the communities they serve.
Terry wants to distribute food to the homeless people in his community. Which of the following foods would be most useful for a homeless person?
Loaf of bread and a jar of peanut butter
What is the term for failing health that results from long-standing dietary practices that do not coincide with nutritional needs?
Malnutrition
__________ is failing health that results from long-standing dietary practices that do not coincide with nutritional needs
Malnutrition
Low-income children of school age are eligible for Multiple choice question.
National School Lunch Program
Which of the following are considerations of sustainable agriculture?
Social responsibility Environmental health Economic profitability
______ deficiency is a leading cause of preventable blindness around the world.
Vitamin A
What is the name of the program that provides food vouchers and nutrition education to pregnant and lactating women and their children?
WIC
Select the nutrients that are integrally involved in proper immune function from the list below.
Zinc Vitamin A Protein
SNAP recipients are given ______ to purchase food and garden seeds.
an electronic benefit transfer (EBT) card
Areas in which the Peace Corps has helped to improve conditions in developing nations are to:
build structures provide food provide medical supplies
Older adults are more vulnerable to undernutrition than young adults because
depression can decrease the drive to eat. many older adults have fixed incomes after they retire from work. declining physical and mental function affects their ability to obtain and prepare food
Environmentally unsustainable farming methods are undermining food production especially in
developing countries.
Events similar to those that cause situational poverty -- a medical emergency, death in the family, loss of a job --can lead to ___
homelessness
Poverty and ______ are largely associated with persistent hunger and food insecurity.
homelessness.
Food ______ is when the quality, variety, and/or desirability of the diet is reduced and there is difficulty at times providing enough food for everyone in the household.
insecurity
Choose the micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) that are most critically missing from diets worldwide.
iron zinc vitamin A folate
Undernutrition is particularly damaging during infancy and childhood because a lack of energy and nutrients can negatively affect
mortality risk. intellectual and social development. immune function. growth.
In the developing world, agricultural production is
not sustainable for the long term. depleting natural resources.
Genetic engineering is the manipulation of the genetic makeup of any organism with
recombinant DNA technology.
More than 90% of the ______ produced in the United States have been genetically modified to resist pests and improve crop yields
soybeans
Maintaining or enhancing the land and natural resources for the long term, social responsibilities of human resources, and consumer health and safety are all principles of
sustainable agriculture.
True or false: The first farmer to improve stock by selectively breeding the best bull with the best cows was implementing biotechnology.
true
True or false: Genetic modification to produce crops with increased micronutrient content may help to reduce malnutrition in some areas of the world.
truuuue
The consequences of a preterm birth include
weakened immune system reduced lung function.
What does WIC stand for?
women infant children