nutrition final quiz show

which BMI range is considered 'overweight'

22-29

during the second trimester, approximately how much does the fetus weigh

2lbs

what is the recommendation for carbohydrate consumption for exercise lasting over 2 hours

30-60g every 15-20mins

to support the development of the fetus, how many extra kilocalories should a pregnant woman consume during the second trimester

340 kilocalories

approximately what percentage of daily intake should come from carbohydrates

45-65%

how many extra kilocalories should a woman be consuming during the third trimester

450 kilocalories

during the first six months of breast-feeding, how many kilocalories in addition to their daily diet should mothers consume

500 kilocalories

the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusively breastfeeding for how long

6 months

what are the current exercise recommendations for weight management and weight loss, respectively

60 mins; 90 mins

today, the percentage of US adults who are overweight and obese are

67% overweight and 33% obese

what percentage of women experience morning sickness

80%

about ____% of people who lose weight through dieting gain it back, and up to 2/3 regain more than they lost

95

children are considered overweight if the BMI is greater than or equal to the ______ percentile

95th

a female is considered "overfat" when her body fat percent is

> 25%

a good snack to have 30 minutes before a soccer game could be

a banana, half a bagel, or gatorade

what is a healthy weight

a body weight that doesn't increase the risk of developing any weight-related health problems or diseases

which of the following is NOT one of the role's Leptin plays in regulating food intake a) decreases feelings of hunger b) activates Lipoprotein Lipase c) regulates fat storage d) increases hunger when fat cells shrink with weight loss

activates lipoprotein lipase

which of the following is a method a parent could use to get a child to try new fruits

add berries in yogurt, cereal, or pancakes

the hormone that is secreted by the adipocytes that functions to enhance energy expenditure and the body's response to insulin is

adiponectin

which of the following is NOT an environmental factor associated with obesity a) lack of time b) portion distortion c) sedentary lifestyle d) altered hormonal status

altered hormonal status

the desire to eat food whether or not there is physical hunger is called

appetite

which of the following is NOT recommended to help a individual who is trying to gain weight a) increase their energy intake by 500 kcals b) eat nutrient-dense foods c) avoid exercising d) include foods high in healthy fats

avoid exercising

the amount of energy expanded by the body to meet its basic physiological needs is known as

basal metabolic rate

of all the forms of energy expenditure, which of the following expends the most energy

basic metabolic rate

what process does fat undergo in order to be converted to a useable form of energy

beta-oxidation

the disorder that is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating without purging is known as

binge eating disorder

which method of assessing body composition is influenced by hydration status

bioelectrical impedance analysis

the kilocalories in food are measured using a

bomb calorimeter

what is the best use of dietary protein in the athletes diet

building and repairing muscle

________ is the eating disorder characterized by consuming large quantities of food and then purging through vomiting, laxative and diuretic use, and/or excessive physical exercise

bulimia nervosa

which nutrients should be emphasized if a child follows a vegetarian and/or vegan diet

calcium, vitamin b12, and iron

young children are active and need to be adequately hydrated. Which of these beverages is NOT appropriate

capri sun

what macronutrient(s) should be consumed within the first 2 hours after exercise

carbohydrate and protein

the primary source of fuel for the body during high-intensity exercise is

carbohydrates

which nutrient is the pain source of energy during high intensity activities

carbohydrates

the component of fitness that allows individuals to sustain exercise for a longer period of time is

cardiorespiratory endurance

the hormones that stimulate satiety and are secreted by the small intestine are ________ and ________

cholecystokinin (CKK); peptide YY (PYY)

how should a pregnant woman manage heart burn

consume small frequent meals

which dietary factor increases the thermic effect or food

consuming a high protein meal

obesity is strongly correlated to several leading causes of death, including all except a. heart disease b. type 2 diabetes c. cancer d. osteoporosis

d. osteoporosis

which of the following lifestyle changes promote the greatest weight loss a) diet only b) diet and exercise c) exercise only d) diet, exercise, and quitting smoking

diet and exercise

this measures the energy expended by the body, obtained by assessing heat loss

direct calorimetry

An infant ________ his or her birth weight by about 6 months of age and ________ it by the age of 12 months.

doubles; triples

which factors determine the rate in which glycogen is used by the muscle

duration and intensity of the exercise

which of the following is NOT one of the components of physical fitness a) cardiorespiratory endurance b) muscular endurance c) flexibility d) body composition e) training

e. training

which of the following dietary habits will remove satiety

eating foods high in protein and eating fruits and vegetables

what hormone is responsible for a heightened sense of smell during pregnancy

estrogen

what should a pregnant woman do to resolve constipation

exercise daily and drink at least 9 cups of fluid

an ineffective method to lose weight or maintain weight is

fad diets

true or false: RED-S only affects female athletes

false

poor body image is very common among the adolescent population. All of the following encourage this negative behavior except a) broadcast media. b) magazines. c) peer pressure. d) family meal time. e) competitive sports.

family meal time

which of the following is an example of NEAT a) fidgeting b) running c) sleeping d) digesting

fidgeting

________ is the range of motion around a joint and is improved with stretching; it also reduces the likelihood of injury during athletics

flexability

HAES is a movement that

focuses on weight inclusivity and rejects body shaming, shifts focus from weight management to health promotion, and sports finding ways to exercise that bring you joy

what three nutrients need to be increased during the first trimester

folate, iron, and zinc

which nutrient should be consumed in adequate amounts before conception to hep prevent neural tube defects

folic acid

which medical approach to weight has been shown to result in the greatest weight loss and keeping the weight off over time

gastric bypass surgery

tami went cycling for 2½ hours and is very thirsty. Which of the following drinks is the most appropriate during her ride

gatorade

how does regular exercise improve body composition

generally, people who exercise have less abdominal fat

which of the following is an example of how genetics influences weight management

genetics influences the regulation and function of hormones such as leptin and ghrelin

________ and ________ both play a big role, with environmental factors often leading to over-consumption of kilocalories and participation in too little physical activity

genetics; environment

which hormone is secreted by the empty stomach to indicate hunger to the brain

ghrelin

individuals who are obese are likely to

have drug and alcohol related problems

pregnant women should avoid hot tubs, saunas, and steam rooms and why

high body temperature causes the mothers blood pressure to decline

individuals should participate in regular exercise because it

improves the immune system

rather than encourage weight loss among children, what recommendation(s) would be appropriate

increase physical activity and add fruits and vegetables to the diet

which of the following is NOT a contributor to overconsumption kilocalories in obese children

increased mealtimes with family

android obesity

increases risk for heart disease

what is a limitation of using BMI to assess weight status

individuals with high muscle mass may be classified as overweight or obese

during adolescence, ________ requirements double for females due to the onset of their menstrual cycles and to support growth

iron

which mineral contributes to constipation

iron

what two minerals are of concern with intense exercise

iron and calcium

school aged children should eat breakfast because

it is associated with a healthier body weight and it improves cognitive function and academic performance.

research has shown that moderate physical activity reduces the chance of cardiovascular disease. In what two ways does this occur

it lowers blood pressure and increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)

a benefit to declaring obesity as a disease is

it may make it easier to obtain insurance coverage for treatment

what does the leptin hormone do

lets your body know when you're full

negative energy balance will result in

loss of glycogen, muscle loss, and fat loss

what is the composition of colostrum? all are correct except a) lots of fat b) protein. c) vitamin A. d) minerals. e) antibodies.

lots of fat

anorexia nervosa is characterized by severe weight loss and self-starvation. One of the most dangerous consequences of this eating disorder isa) low albumin.b) elevated blood glucose.c) low blood potassium

low blood potassium

Harris-Benedict Equation

male: BMR = 66.5 + (13.75 * weight in kg) + (5.003 * height in cm) - (6.75 * age) female: RMR 655.1 + (9.6 weight in kg) + (1.8 height in cm) - (4.7 age in years)

s the ability to exert force over a long period of time without fatigue. Cheerleaders and ballet dancers demonstrate this type of strength

muscular endurance

an individual who performs a low number of repetitions with heavier weights and longer rest periods is improving his or her ________

muscular strength

the greatest disadvantage for using weight loss drugs to induce weight loss is

negative side effects

what is the best response for a parent when a child has a food jag

offer a variety of foods in the preferred food group

the rule of thumb for estimating portions for toddlers is

one tablespoon per year of age

the weight loss drug that prevents fat from being absorbed by the small intestine is

orilistat

being underweight increases the risk of developing which of the following conditions

osteoporosis

the hormone ________ stimulates contractions in the uterus, which helps the organ return to its pre-pregnancy size and shape.

oxytocin

this hormone allows the milk to be released in letdown, so the infant can receive it through the nipple

oxytocin

the strongest predictor of adulthood obesity is

parental obesity

almost half of ________ is accumulated during adolescence

peak bone mass

a common trait of people with eating disorders is

perfectionism

eating nonfood substances such as dirt and clay is called

pica

this term describes craving of cravings of clay, laundry detergent, dirt, or other non-food substances

pica

the organ that allows nutrients, oxygen, and waste products to be exchanged between a mother and fetus is the

placenta

When energy intake is greater than energy expended, the result is

positive energy balance

gestational diabetes typically manifests itself around the 20th week. What are the factors that increase risk of gestational diabetes

previous macrocosmic baby

what are the top three signs of heat exhaustion

profuse sweating, fatigue, and thirst

the hormone ________ causes milk to be produced in the breast

prolactin

which macronutrient is considered the most satiating

protein

adolescents need adequate amounts of ________, ________, and ________ to support rapid growth

protein; calcium; iron

according to Ellen Satter, the parents responsibility when feeding a child is to

provide healthy and nutritious foods and determine when and where they are offered

which of the following is prevented from crossing over into the fetus by the placenta

red blood cells

in order to encourage healthy eating habits in children, caregivers should aim to

serve as role models buy serving healthy foods

a weight-control theory states that each individual has a genetically established body weight; any deviation from this point will stimulate changes in body metabolism to reestablish the normal weight. This is known as

set point

the primary source of extra kilocalories contributing to childhood obesity is

soda, candy, and potato chips

what foods are good to eat after exercise

sports drinks and energy bars

what is the role of ghrelin in the body

stimulate hunger

which of the following fish is considered high in mercury

swordfish

which of the following factors results in a higher BMR a) starvation b) greater percentage of body fat c) increased age d) taller stature

tailer stature

Compared to toddlers and preschoolers, school-aged children

tend to be less hungry

the time in pregnancy when rapid cellular activity is highly vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies, toxins, and other insults is known as

the critical period

when an individual exercises, the amino acids from dietary protein are used

to build and repair muscle and as an energy source

overweight individuals tend to have higher blood levels of

triglycerides and LDLs

True or false: Populations who are genetically prone to being overweight or obese have no control over the amount of weight they will gain in their lifetime.

true

true or false: osteoporosis can be prevented through daily weight-bearing activity

true

true or false: people of any body size can suffer from anorexia

true

true or false: restricting food and dieting are examples of disordered eating

true

true or false: savoring your food and putting your fork down between bites can help promote mindful eating

true

true: exercise helps control blood glucose because it decreases insulin sensitivity, therefore reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes

true

what diseases are eliminated in the majority of individuals who have has gastric bypass surgery

type 1 diabetes and hypertension

obese children have an increased risk of developing ________ in adulthood

type 2 diabetes

on a shopping trip, have children pick out a new produce item for the family meal. This is a great way to implement ________ in family meals.

variety

the two regions of the brain that control eating behaviors are

ventromedial nucleus and hypothalamus

individuals who have had gastric bypass surgery require supplementation of the nutrients

vitamin b12, iron, and calcium

toddlers need to increase their intake of all of the following nutrients except a) calcium. b) iron. c) vitamin D. d) fiber. e) vitamin C.

vitamin c

the two vitamins that may help prevent free radical damage caused by exercise are

vitamin c and vitamin e

which of the following does NOT contribute to the "energy in" part of the energy balance equation a) carbohydrates b) alcohol c) water d) fat

water

the recommendation for exercise is about 30 minutes of moderate activity per day. All of the following types of exercise are appropriate during the second trimester except

weight lifting

maintaining body weight within a healthy range is known as

weight management

which of the following foods is NOT a choking hazard

well cooked vegetables

waist circumference is an easy way to assess body composition. Women and men are at increased health risk if their waist measurements are what

woman > 35 inches man > 40 inches

the acronym WIC stands for

women, infants, and children

what is the term used to describe a fertilized egg prior to the first cleavage (which occurs at approximately 72 hours)

zygote

which of the following is the correct order the stages of development in the first trimester

zygote, preembryo, embryo

what is the RDA for protein for the average adult

0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight

the third trimester is when weight gain is most noticeable. how much weight gain is expected?

1 pound per week

how many kilocalories should toddlers consume daily

1,000-4,000

individuals who primarily participate in resistance and strength activities may need to consume as much protein as ________

1.6 to 1.7 grams per kilogram of body weight

the thermic effect of food contributes approximately _________ of the total kilocalories expanded

10%

a reasonable weight loss goal is

10% of body weight over 6 months

a child may need to be exposed to a food as much as _________ times before he or she will accept it

10-15

approximately how many milligrams of calcium is required to support adolescent growth

1300mg

use the Harris-Benedict equation to calculate the estimated energy needs for a 27-year-old female. She is 64 inches tall and weighs 140 pounds

1430 kcals

how much weight (in pounds) should a healthy woman gain during the first trimester

2

the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that parents limit screen time to

2 hours per day

how much fluid should an athlete consume after fishing exercise

2 to 3 cups for every pound of body weight lost