Nutrition Final! (Test 1)

Each day, Alicia takes pills that contain vitamin C. Her RDA for the vitamin is 75mg. How much vitamin C per day would be a megadose amount for Alicia? A) 0.75 mg B) 750 mg C) 7.50 mg D) 75 mg

B) 750 mg

Name the disaccharide that each of the following enzymes digests. List the resulting Monosaccharides for each Sucrase Lactase Maltase

-Sucrase digests sucrose, sucrose becomes glucose and fructose -Lactase digests lactose, lactose becomes galactose and galactose -Maltase digests maltose, maltose becomes glucose and glucose

The label on a bag of salt-free pretzels indicates that the chips are "low-fat." This means the pretzels provide _____ gram(s) of fat or less per serving. A) 3 B) 1 C) 5 D) 7

A) 3

Last night, Sara ate french fries, fried fish, and creamy cole slaw. For dessert she had a chocolate milkshake. About an hour after eating this food she suddenly complained of severe abdominal pain. Based on this information, Sara probably has A) Gallstones B) Colitis C) Constipation D) Aneurisms

A) Gallstones

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals? A) Grapes B) Tuna C) Hamburger D) Margarine

A) Grapes

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and A) Learning ways to manage stress effectively B) Reducing physical activity C) Having the lower third of the colon removed D) Moving to a drier climate

A) Learning effective ways to manage stress

Coretta has chronic heartburn. To reduce her risk of developing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), her physician recommended that she A) Lose excess weight B) Lie down after meals C) Snack on peppermint candy in between meals D) Eat dark chocolate for dessert

A) Lose excess weight

Actress Lotta Talent appears in commercials endorsing an herbal product for weight loss. Her endorsement is an example of a(n) A) Placebo effect B) Testimonial C) Anecdote D) Peer review

B) Testimonial

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that doesn't provide any energy for the human body? A) Alcohol B) Water C) Carbohydrate D) Protein

B) Water

The three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans are A) Maltose, lactose, and galactose B) Galactose, glucose, and fructose C) Fructose, lactose, and levulose D) glucose, galactose, and sucrose

B) galactose, glucose, and fructose

Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information? A) eatright.org B) optimalhealthandnutrition4ever.com C) ouhsc.edu D) choosemyplate.gov

B) optimalhealthandnutrition4ever.com

Robin reads Nutrition Facts panels on packaged foods to choose nutrient-dense products. By reading the panels, she is able to determine the amount of ______ in a serving of food A) Pesticides B) Water C) Sodium D) Additives

C) Sodium

The Tolerable Upper Limit for a nutrient is the A) Precise amount that has been proven to cure the nutrient's deficiency disorder in humans B) Amount that meets the nutrient needs of 98% of the population C) Minimum amount that can be tolerated on an empty stomach when consumed as a dietary supplement D) Highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily

D) Highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily

the energy value of a raw peach is reported as a number of A) Thermals B) Milligrams C) Rads D) Kilocalories

D) Kilocalories

Which of the following substances is a disaccharide comprised of one glucose and one galactose molecule? A) Sucrose B) Maltose C) Hexose D) Lactose

D) Lactose

The _____ helps form feces by absorbing some excess water and minerals from chyme A) Gastroesophageal sphincter B) Lower stomach C) Pyloric valve D) Large intestine

D) Large intestine

Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system? A) Pancreas B) Gallbladder C) Liver D) Large intestine

D) Large intestine

A(n) _____ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions A) Organism B) Cell C) Membranes D) Organ

D) Organ

Tyler smokes cigarettes, drinks excess alcohol, and takes NSAIDs regularly to treat headaches and arthritis. Based on this information Tyler has a high risk of developing A) Chronic constipation B) Irritable bowel syndrome C) Pancreatic failure D) Peptic ulcers

D) Peptic ulcers

Hillary consumed 3 servings of an orange-flavored, sugar-sweetened soft drink that provided 140 kcal/serving. According to MyPlate, these drinks should be classified as A) Carbohydrate-rich foods B) Watery fluids C) Fruit juices D) Sources of empty calories

D) Sources of empty calories

Metabolism is A) the rate at which cells produce energy B) a way of living C) a form of energy D) the total of all chemical changes that occur in cells

D) The total of all chemical changes that occur in cells

List the 3 fates of glucose after it is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to the liver

Used as fuel for cells and tissues, stored in the liver if that fuel is not needed, or, if stores are full, be stored as fat

Which of the following statements is true? A) Daily Values have been established for each nutrient B) If you do not consume 100% of the Daily Values for nutrients, you have a high risk of developing nutritional deficiency disorders C) Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes D) Daily Values are nutrient recommendations that are based on the EERs for adults

C) Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes

The amount of vitaminC that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the _______ for the vitamin A) UL B) RDA C) EAR D) %DV

C) EAR

Which of the following substances is secreted by the human stomach? A) Chyme B) Bile C) Hydrochloric acid D) Lymphatic fluid

C) Hydrochloric acid

After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into chylomicrons and enter A) chyme B) the gastroesophageal sphincter C) lacteals within the villi D) special cells lining the hepatic portal vein

C) Lacteals within the villi

Which of the following foods is energy-dense? A) Orange Juice B) Fresh Strawberries C) Potato Chips D) Leaf Lettuce

C) Potato Chips

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups? A) Fruit smoothie made with vanilla yogurt, orange juice, and fresh pancakes B) Tuna noodle casserole made with canned tuna, bread crumbs, mayonnaise, and egg noodles C) Ready-to-eat cereal with strawberries and fat-free milk D) Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese and two slices of whole-wheat bread

C) Ready-to-eat cereal with strawberries and fat-free milk

Glycogen is the A) Simple sugar in grapes, carrots, and honey that the body converts to fat B) Polysaccharide made by plants that provides structural support for leaves and stems C) Nonnutritive sweetener that can replace high-fructose corn syrup in baked products D) Carbohydrate that's stored in the liver and muscle tissue

D) Carbohydrate that's stored in the liver and muscle tissue

According to numerous scientific studies, low levels of physical activity are associated with increased chances of developing excess body fat and type 2 diabetes. Based on this information, lack of physical activity is a A) risk factor B) critical determinant C) deficiency condition D) metabolic antagonist

A) Risk factor

Justin's blood cholesterol level is too high. He'd like to add foods to his diet that can help reduce his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, which of the following foods should he add? A) chicken liver B) Cooked beans C) Unsalted butter D) Whole eggs

B) Cooked beans

The accessory rogan of the digestive system that produces bile is the A) Jejunum B) Liver C) Colon D) Epiglottis

B) Liver

Which of the following groups is not a major food group of MyPlate? A) Grains B) Oils C) Protein foods D) Dairy

B) Oils

Small amounts of food move from the back of the mouth and through the esophagus by involuntary muscular movements called A) Segmentation B) Peristalsis C) Reflux D) Umami

B) Peristalsis

Which of the following nutrients is a source of energy? A) Cholesterol B) Protein C) Iron D) Vitamin D

B) Protein

According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a food package, a serving of the product provides 25% dv for sodium. The DV for sodium is 2300 mg. Each serving of this product provides approximately _____ mg of sodium A) 57,500 B) More information is needed to estimate the amount of sodium in a serving C) 575 D) 92

C) 575

A primary function of the digestive system is the A) transmission of nervous impulses B) destruction of toxic metabolic by-products C) breakdown of food into nutrients D) production of red blood cells

C) Breakdown of food into nutrients

Mitchell has an infection that caused his epiglottis to function improperly. Based on this information, you would expect Mitchell to ______ while he has this illness A) Absorb vitamins more rapidly B) Gain weight C) Choke often D) Digest proteins more efficiently

C) Choke often

A serving of food contains 25g of carbohydrate, 10g protein, 8g fat, 5mg iron, and 4oz of water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies __________ kcal. A) 212 B) 456 C) 335 D) 246

A) 212

Marty's usual caloric intake is 2800 kcal per day. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, added sugars contribute less than 10% of a person's total energy intake. Therefore, he should limit his added sugar intake to less than _____ per day A) 280 B) 420 C) 560 D) 700

A) 280

Starch digestion begins in the A) Mouth B) Small Intestine C) Esophagus D) Stomach

A) Mouth

A serving of food contains 15g carbohydrate, 2g protein, 4oz water, 5g fat, 25mcg vitamin A, 2.5mg niacin, and 0.8mg iron. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ______ kcal A) 339 B) 113 C) 226 D) 8

B) 113

Diet refers to a person's A) Usual pattern of food choices B) Negative risk factors C) Weight loss efforts D) Current nutrient intake

A) Usual pattern of food choices

A primary fuel for muscles and other cells is A) glucose B) starch C) glycogen D) fructose

A) glucose

An essential nutrient A) Must be supplied by the diet B) Has antioxidant activity in your body C) Is only in foods from animal sources D) Is made by your body

A) Must be supplied by your diet

Today, the only food Meghan ate was 16 ounces of lemon-flavored yogurt, 8 ounces of cooked turkey, and 2 cups of ready-to-eat cereal. According to MyPlate, she ate nothing from the food group that includes A) Eggs B) Whole-grain pasta C) Strawberries D) Soy milk

C) Strawberries

Dylan takes garlic pills to lower his blood cholesterol level. He recommends the pills to his friends because he thinks the pills are helpful. Dylan's nutrition-related advice to his friends is an example of a(an) A) motive B) bias C) anecdote D) testimonial

C) anecdote

In the United States, which agency investigates complaints about false or misleading health-related claims that appear in food advertisements? A) Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics B) Environmental Protection Agency C) Organization for Honesty in Advertising D) Federal Trade Commission

D) Federal trade Commission

A food scientist has chemically analyzed a food item to determine its ingredients. One of the ingredients was a complex chemical that consisted of several hundred glucose molecules boned together. When the scientist tested the complex chemical, he discovered it couldn't be digested by humans. Based on this information, the complex chemical was a form of______. A) Lactose B) Sucrose C) Starch D) Fiber

D) Fiber