OB Chapter 7
PsyCap positive psychological capital
Individuals with high levels of ________ considerable hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism (HERO)
Esteem support, informational support, social companionship, instrumental support
The four types of social support:
Temperance
a shared belief in showing restraint and control when faced with temptation and provocation.
compassion
a shared value that drives people to help others who are suffering.
Mindlessness
a state of reduced attention. It is expressed in behavior that is rigid," or thoughtless
Positive experiences
activate a supportive orientation, which leads us to be more responsive to positive information.
Negative experiences
activate a survival orientation, which leads us to be more responsive to negative information.
Intentions
are the endpoint or goal you want to achieve. They drive your behavior.
Organizational Practices
are the procedures, policies, practices, routines, and rules that organizations use to get things done.
Organizational climate
consists of employees' perceptions "of formal and informal organizational policies, practices, procedures, and routines."
Instrumental support
financial aid, material resources, or needed services
Positive OB
focuses on positive human characteristics that can be measured, developed, and effectively managed for performance improvement.
Attentional hyperactivity
happens when our minds are racing or wandering, resulting in compulsive daydreaming or fantasizing.
informational support
help defining, understanding, and coping with problems
upward spirals of positivity
in which your positive behaviors, feelings, and attitudes generate the same in others in a continually reinforcing process.
Social support
the amount of perceived helpfulness we derive from social relationships.
Broaden-and-build theory
proposes that positive emotions broaden our attention and make us more open to experience, creating an upward spiral of further positive emotions and even actions.
Esteem support
reassurance that a person is accepted and respected despite any problems or inadequacies.
restorative justice
reflects "a shared belief in the importance of resolving conflict multilaterally through the inclusion of victims, offenders, and all other stakeholders."
Flourishing
represents the extent to which our lives contain PERMA
Hope
the belief that the future will be better than the present and that you have some power to make it happen
Attentional Deficit
the inability to focus vividly on an object
Meaningfulness
the sense of "belonging to and serving something that you believe is bigger than the self."
rumination
the uncontrollable repetitive dwelling on causes, meanings, and implications of negative feelings or events in the past.
social companionship
time spent with others in leisure and recreational activities
Well-being
was the combined impact of five elements—positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and achievement (PERMA).
resilient
you have the capacity to consistently bounce back from adversity and to sustain yourself when confronted with challenges.
3, 5, or more
you must have _______ positive experiences for every negative.
to have hope
you need to have a goal and the determination to achieve it—willpower—and you also need to see one or more paths to achieve your goal, even when faced with adversity—waypower.
signature strengths
"are positive human traits that influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and provide a sense of fulfillment and meaning."
positivity effect
"is the attraction of all living systems toward positive energy and away from negative energy, or toward that which is life-giving and away from that which is life depleting."
Flow
"is the state of being completely involved in an activity for its own sake."
positive deviance
"successful performance that dramatically exceeds the norm in a positive direction."
Mindfulness
"the awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally to the unfolding of experience moment by moment."
Forgiveness
"the capacity to foster collective abandonment of justified resentment, bitterness, and blame, and, instead, it is the adoption of positive, forward-looking approaches in response to harm or damage."
Virtuousness
"what individuals and organizations aspire to be when they are at their very best."
Optimists
often attribute successes to "personal, permanent, and pervasive causes, and negative events to external, temporary, and situation-specific ones."
Pro social behavior
positive acts performed without the expectation of anything in return.
buffering effect
positive practices and resources reduce the impact of negative events and stressors.
amplifying effect
positive practices from one individual result in additional positive practices by others, which spur positivity in others, which generate other positive outcomes.
