Oceanography Chapter 1

The separation of the Earth into layers while it was molten was the result of

differing densities of the elements that make up the earth

Which of the following is Earth's plastic layer, which flows when a gradual force is applied to it? A)Asthenosphere B)Inner Core C)Lithosphere D)Mesosphere E)Outer Core

A)Asthenosphere

What is true about continental and Oceanic crust

Continental crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust

Which ocean is mostly in the southern hemisphere

The Antarctic

The Four principle ocean basins on earth are

Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern, and Arctic Ocean

Which of the following is Earth's rigid layer that includes the crust plus the topmost portion of the mantle? A)Asthenosphere B)Inner Core C)Lithosphere D)Mesosphere E)Outer Core

A) Asthenosphere

What is the deepest ocean

Pacific Ocean

Current scientific knowledge indicates that the most likely origin of most of Earth's oceans was due to

water vapor released from volcanic outgassing

Based on chemical composition, Earth consists of _____ layers

3

Based on physical properties, Earth consists of ______ layers

5

Which of the following is Earth's solid iron-nickel layer? A)Asthenosphere B)Inner Core C)Lithosphere D)Mesosphere E)Outer Core

B)Inner Core

According to the fossil record on Earth, the earliest-known life-forms were primitive

Bacteria

Oceanic Crust is predominantly composed of the igneous rock called

Basalt

Which of the following represents Earth's low-density, mostly silicate layer A)Asthenosphere B)Core C)Crust D)Lithosphere E)Mantle

C) Crust

Which of the following represents Earth's plates that are involved in plate tectonic motion? A) Asthenosphere B)Inner Core C)Lithosphere D)Mesosphere E)Outer Core

C) Listhosphere

Which of the following represents Earth's entire iron-nickel layer? A)Asthenosphere B)Core C)Crust D)Lithosphere E)Mantle

Core

Which of the following is Earth's rigid layer that includes the middle and lower mantle? A)Asthenosphere B)Inner Core C)Lithosphere D)Mesosphere E)Outer Core

D)Mesosphere

Which of the following represents Earth's high-density, mostly iron-silicate layer? A)Asthenosphere B)Core C)Crust D)Lithosphere E)Mantle

E)Mantle

Which of the following is Earth's liquid iron-nickel layer? A)Asthenosphere B)Inner Core C)Lithosphere D)Mesosphere E)Outer Core

E)Outer Core

What is true about the deepest part of the ocean

The depth of this trench exceeds the height of mount everest

Which ocean is the single largest geographic feature on the planet

The pacific

According to the fossil record on Earth, the earliest-known life forms lived in sea floor rocks about 3.5 _____ years ago

billion

One of the reasons that free oxygen in our atmosphere is important to the development and maintenance of life on Earth os because oxygen ______

can form ozone and block some UV radiation

Although Earth's oceans have existed since early in the formation of the planet, its _____ must have changed

chemical composition

Continental crust is predominantly composed of the igneous rocks called

granite

A tentative, testable statement about the general nature of a phenomenon is called

hypothesis

The mechanism by which populations evolve and new species develop is called

natural selection

The most likely place for the basic building blocks for the development of life to interact and produce life is in Earth's ____

oceans

Earth's highest density materials are found near

the center of the earth

Earth's lowest density materials are found near

the surface

Plate tectonics and evolution, which are held with a high degree of confidence because of rigorous testing and verification, are examples of

theories