Oncology

A 58 year old man is going to have chemotherapy for lung cancer. He asks the nurse how the chemotherapeutic drugs will work. The most accurate explanation the nurse can give is which of the following? a. Chemotherapy affects all rapidly dividing cells b. The molecular structure of the DNA is altered c. Cancer cells are susceptible to drug toxins d. Chemotherapy encourages cancer cells to divide

A

A client informs the nurse that she is using and herbal therapy while receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Determine what substance the client is using and make sure that the physician is aware of all therapies the client is using b. Guide the client in the decision-making process to select either Western or alternative medicine c. Encourage the client to seek alternative modalities that do not require the ingestion of substances d. Recommend that the client stop using the alternative medicines immediately

A

A client with colon cancer had a left hemicolectomy 3 weeks previously. The client is still having difficulty maintaining and adequate oral intake to meed metabolic needs for optimal healing. Which of the following nutritional support methods would the nurse anticipate for the client? a. Total parenteral nutrition through a central catheter b. Intravenous infusion of dextrose c. Nasogastric feeding tube with protein supplement d. Jejunostomy for high caloric feeding

A

A nurse who is teaching smoking cessation programs to healthy adult smokers is participating in what type of prevention activity? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Nonspecific

A

Which of the following components of a thorough cancer pain assessment is most significant? a. Intensity b. Cause c. Aggravating factors d. Location

A

When caring for a client with central venous line, which of the following nursing actions should be implemented in the plan of care for chemotherapy administration? SATA a. Verify patency of the line by the presence of a blood return at regular intervals b Inspect the insertion site for swelling, erythema, or drainage c. Administer a cytotoxic agent to keep the regimen on schedule even if blood return is not present d. If unable to aspirate blood, reposition the client and encourage the client to cough e. Contact the health care provider about verifying placement if the status is questionable

A, B, D, E

The family of a hospitalized client demonstrates the understanding of the teaching about advanced directives when they make which of the following statements? SATA a. AD documents give instructions about future medical care and treatment b. If people are not capable of communicating their wishes, health care providers and family together can agree on measures or actions that will be taken c. Ethics experts agree that the family is the sole deciding factor when the client is competent d. Medical power of attorney gives primarily financial access to the designess e. Medical power of attorney or durable power of attorney for health care is a document that lists who can make health care decisions should a person be unable to make an informed decision for themselves f. AD documents give details about the clients past medical history

A, B, E

A 40 year old woman is losing most of her hair as a result of chemotherapy. Which of the following statements best explains chemotherapy-induced alopecia? a. The new growth of hair will be gray b. The hair loss is temporary c. New hair growth will always be the same texture and color as it was before chemotherapy d. The client should avoid use of wigs when possible

B

After completing the nurse assessment of a client and family entering the palliative care program, the nurse would expect to develop a teaching plan that includes an understanding of which of the following as goals or outcomes of this type of care? a. Alternation in the family's usual coping strategies b. Improvement in the client's quality of life c. Death must be accepted d. Advocation for prolonging life while curing the disease

B

The development of a culturally sensitive health education program for the socioeconomically disadvantaged requires the nurse to: a. Locate the program at an existing government facility b. Integrate folk benefits and tradition into the content c. Prepare materials in the primary language of the program sponsor d. Exclude community leaders from initial planning efforts

B

The nurse teaches the client with chronic cancer pain about optimal pain control. Which of the following recommendations is most effective for pain control? a. Get used to some pain and use a little less medication than needed to keep from being addicted b. Take prescribed analgesics on an around-the-clock schedule to prevent recurrent pain c. Take analgesics only when pain returns d. Take enough analgesics around the clock so that you can sleep 12 to 16 hours a day to block the pain

B

The son of a 78 year old client with metastatic prostate cancer is asking the nurse about the purpose of hospice care. Which of the following statements by the nurse best describes hospice care? a. Hospice care uses a team approach to direct hospice activity b. Clients and their families are the focus of care c. The clients physician coordinates all the care d. All hospice clients will die at home

B

According to experimental and epidemiologic evidence, it is suggested that a high-fat diet increases the risk of several cancers. Which of the following cancers is linked to a high-fat diet? a. Ovarian b. Lung c. Colon d. Liver

C

An appropriate nursing intervention for clients with fatigue related to cancer treatment includes teaching the client to: a. Increase fluid intake b. Minimize naps or periods of rest during day c. Conserve energy by prioritizing activities d. Limit dietary intake of high-fiber foods

C

Many oncology clients are at risk for development of hypercoagulable state and thrombosis. Laboratory tests to monitor these complications include: a. Carcinoembryonic agent (CEA) b. a-fetoproetin (AFP) c. Prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) d. Complete blood count with differential (CBC)

C

When a 62 year old client and his family receive the initial diagnosis of colon cancer, the nurse can act as an advocate by: a. Helping them maintain a sense of optimism and hopefulness b. Determining their understanding of the results of the diagnostic testing c. Listening carefully to their perceptions of what their needs are d. Providing them with written materials about the cancer site and its treatment

C

Which of the following symptoms is associated with anemia? a. Decreased salivation b. Bradycardia c. Cold intolerance d. Nausea

C

A client is newly diagnosed with cancer and is beginning a treatment plan. Which of the following nursing interventions will be most effective in helping the client cope? a. Assume decision making for the client b. Encourage strict compliance with all treatment regimens c. Inform the client of all possible adverse treatment effects d. Identify available resources

D

In setting goals for client with advanced liver cancer who has poor nutrition, the nurse determines that which of the following is a realistic desired outcome for the client? a. Normalize albumin levels b. Return to ideal body weight c. Gain 1 pound every 2 weeks d. Maintain current weight

D

The nurse can be an important advocate for the client who is considering an alternative method of cancer treatment, which of the following statements best demonstrates the nurse as client advocate? a. The nurse will provide information about standard therapies b. The nurse will monitor blood tests as indicated by the alternative therapy c. The nurse will document the client's desire to try and alternative therapy d. The nurse will allow the client to make health care choices on her own but will assist in ensuring the client is fully informed when making those decision

D