Operating Systems
Which of the following methods will provide information on processes that are running in Linux? Select all that apply.
List the contents of the /proc directory. Use the ps command.
Which of the following is a Linux command used to copy files securely between computers on a network?
SCP
Question 7 Which of the following commands in Windows will create a symbolic link called "cauliflower" to a file named "broccoli.txt?"
mklink cauliflower broccoli.txt
On Linux systems, which CLI command and flags are used to force a user to change their password upon their next login? Select all that apply.
passwd -e username passwd -expire username
What command do you use to view error logs in real time?
-tail f is used to view error logs in real time.
________makes sure that the process of software installation, removal, update, and dependency management is as easy and automatic as possible.
A Package manager
What type of Windows update model releases a full new system update package each month that supersedes the previous month's update?
A cumulative update model releases a full new system update package each month that supersedes the previous month's update.
What is a swap file or swap space?
A dedicated area of the hard drive used for virtual memory
As a Windows Administrator for a large company, you are asked to grant temporary software installation permissions to the Sales department. Which of the following would be the most efficient method for accomplishing this task?
Add the User account for each employee in the Sales department into a special Group, then grant temporary software installation permissions to the Group.
What does APT stand for?
Advance Package Tool
Which of the following can be used to connect securely to a remote computer? Select three that apply.
An SSH client An RDP client
Which of the following methods can Administrators use to remove a user in Windows? Select all that apply.
At the CLI, use the DOS net user username /del command. With Powershell, use the Remove-LocalUser usernamecommand. In the GUI, under Local Users and Groups in the Computer Management tool, right click the user and select Delete.
What type of process is a daemon process?
Background process
Which of the following Powershell commands will take all files from the desktop "TestArchive" directory, and archive it in a "TestArchive.zip" file?
Compress-Archive -path C:\Users\testuser\Desktop\TestArchive\ ~\Desktop\TestArchive.zip Yes, the Compress-Archive command can be used in the Powershell command line interface to archive all the files from a directory into an archive file (like a .zip, .tar, or .rar file).
Which of the following Windows tools can be used to manage group information?
Computer management
What can the Windows Memory Manager do? Select all that apply.
Copy pages of memory to be read as needed by programs Map virtual memory to physical memory
Which of the following methods can be used to get information on processes that are running in Windows? Select all that apply
From the PowerShell prompt, use the Get-Process commandlet. Using Windows Task Manager (taskmgr.exe). From the CLI, use the tasklist command.
What's the difference between a GPT and MBR partition table? Check all that apply.
GPT allows you to have volume sizes larger than 2TBs and a large number of partitions. MBR only allows you to have volume sizes of 2TBs or less.
Which of the following PowerShell commands will install the fictional package "awesomesoftware" from the Chocolatey software source?
Install-Package -Name awesomesoftware -Source chocolatey
Which of the following statements are true about SIGINT? Select all that apply.
It can be sent at the CLI by pressing the CTRL+C keys. It is an interrupt signal that can be sent to a process that is running. It is a signal that exists in both Windows and Linux.
What might occur if you were to run fsck on a mounted partition?
It could damage the file system.
What does the PuTTY pscp.exe tool do?
It lets you copy files to and from remote computers.
What do we launch when we execute a program?
PRocess. Processes are programs that are running. When we launch a process, we're executing a program.
If you restart a process using the Process Explorer utility, what will the new parent of that process be?
Process Explorer
Which of the following is a method for installing an app into a mobile OS?
Side-loading; Yes, "side-loading" is where you install mobile apps directly without using an App Store.
In the following Linux command, which is the parent process and which is the child? $ less /etc/myfile | grep Hello
The parent is lessand the child is grep.
In Linux, what information will be displayed about a computer's disks when the sudo parted -l command is executed in the CLI? Select all that apply.
The partition table types for each disk The number of partitions on each of the computer's disks The sizes of the disk partitions
What does Windows OS use to provide the physical memory available in the computer to applications running on the computer?
Virtual memory
Question 2 You're given the output of an ls -l of a file in Linux. 1 ls -l books_file 2 3 dr-x-wxr-- 1 phelan cool_group 0 Aug 20 11:10 books_file Answer the following question: What does the first character of output signify?
books_file is a directory
What is the Linux equivalent to Window's Master File Table (MFT)?
inode table
In Bash, which of the following commands can be used to view a list of all files in the /home directory? Check all that apply.
ls -l -a /home ls -la /home
Which of the following file types are used to guide software installations in Windows? Select all the two that apply.
.exe and .msi
Which signal is used to resume the execution of a process?
SIGCONT
On a Linux system, which file contains information about group memberships?
/etc/group
What Windows application stores events logged by the operating system?
Event viewer
Imagine you are an IT administrator and you need to check that proper permissions are configured on a file in Linux. The file's owner should have full permissions. The file's associated group members should be able to read and write to the file, but not execute the file. Other users can only read the file. How should these file permissions look when you check them in the CLI environment?
-rwxrw-r- -
_____________ is used to guide the Windows Installer in the installation, maintenance, and removal of programs on the Windows operating system.
.msi file Windows Installer uses the msi file to guide the program installation and create instructions on how to remove the program.
Which of the following file extensions are considered archives in Windows? Check all that apply.
.rar .zip
If you want to automatically mount a filesystem on computer startup, what file do you have to modify?
/etc/fstab
In what log files can you find information about authentication errors?
/var/log/auth.log
In what log files can you find information about bootup errors? Select all that apply.
/var/log/syslog /var/log/kern.log
The Windows Disk Management Utility provides which of the following? Select all that apply.
A utility to make modifications to the disk and partitions on a computer Information about the free and total capacity of disks and partitions on a computer Information about a computer's disks and disk partitions, as well as their file systems
What's the PowerShell commandlet you can use to extract and compress archives right from the command line?
?
Which of these does Windows use to search for the right driver for a new piece of hardware connected to a Windows computer?
A hardware ID
Which of the following correctly describes a "Security Patch?"
A piece of software that's meant to fix up a security hole.
What is a protocol implemented by other programs for secure computer-to-computer access?
A remote connection lets users access computers remotely. SSH (Secure Shell) is a protocol implemented for secure computer-to-computer access
What is a software repository?
A server that acts like a central storage location for packages
What can you use to give access to files to a group of users as an alternative to transferring files from one computer to another?
A shared folder
Which of the following locations and/or methods can Administrators find and/or use to change user passwords on Windows systems? Select all that apply.
At the CLI, using the DOS net user command. In the GUI, under Local Users and Groups in the Computer Management tool.
Which process in Windows OS handles running the GUI and command line console?
Client/Server Runtime Service (csrss.exe) is the process responsible for running the GUI and command line console.
What is a common way to troubleshoot mobile apps running in the background that slow down a mobile device's performance?
Close out the background apps in the app switcher
Which of the following are command line interfaces (CLI) on Windows OS? Select all that apply
Command prompt and Powershell are the two CLI used in Windows OS.
What is the piece of software that helps hardware devices interact with an operating system?
Device driver
Which of the following actions can be done through Windows' Device Manager console? Select the three that apply.
Disabling a device driver Uninstalling a device driver Updating a device driver
What file attributes are stored in the Master File Table (MFT)? Select all that apply.
File data locations File creation time stamps Whether or not a file is read-only
Which Windows PowerShell CLI command can be used to list the Users within local Groups on a given computer?
Get-LocalGroupMember
Which of the following Powershell commands will verify that a software package called "TestPackage" has been successfully installed on your system?
Get-Package -name TestPackage
Which of the following PowerShell commands will tell you which process on your system is using the most CPU resources?
Get-Process | Sort CPU -descending | Select -first 1 -Property ID,ProcessName,CPU
If you have a slow computer, what are some possible culprits that could be causing this? Select all that apply.
High CPU usage Lots of I/O activity High RAM usage Too many processes running
In Linux, what's the difference between a hardlink and a symlink (Symbolic Link)? Check all that apply.
If you change the original name of the file, a hard link will still work. Symlinks are used to point to filenames, while hardlinks point to linked file numbers.
What does the following command do in Ubuntu: dpkg -i UbuTestPackage?
Install a Debian package named "UbuTestPackage"
What does the top command do in Linux? Select all that apply.
It lists the top processes that are using the most resources on a machine. Correct The top command lists the top processes that are using the most resources on a Linux machine. It provides a snapshot of total tasks currently running or idling. It includes information on process CPU and memory usage.
Question 1 Which of the following is a characteristic of the FAT32 filesystem? Check all that apply.
Its filesystem size can't be larger than 32GB. Correct The FAT32 filesystem is great for cross-platform compatibility, but has lots of limitations that don't make it useful for large data storage. It's read and write compatible with Windows, Mac, and Linux OSes. It doesn't support files larger than 4GB.
Which of the following are partition table schemes? Select all that apply.
Master Boot Record (MBR) GUID Partition Table
Before you can store files on a hard drive, which of the following has to be done? Check all that apply.
Mount the filesystem. Format the filesystem Partition the disk. Before you can start using a hard drive to store files, you'll need to partition the disk, format a filesystem, then mount the filesystem.
What is a utility Microsoft created to let IT support specialists, systems administrators, and other users look at running processes?
Process Explorer
Which of these gives users a graphical user interface (GUI) to remote computers that have enabled connections from it.
RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) gives users a GUI to remote computers that have enabled RDP connections.
In Windows, which of the following are directory and file permissions that can be assigned to groups and/or users?
Read & execute List folder contents Write
Which of the following tools or commands can be used to monitor resources in Windows? Select all that apply.
Resource Monitoring tool The PowerShell Get-Processcommandlet
Which of the following options are available in Process Explorer after right-clicking a running process in the top window pane? Select all that apply.
Restart Suspend Kill Process
If you were investigating login issues on a Windows computer, which portion of the Event Viewer logs would be a good place to start your investigation?
Security
What is VirtualBox?
Software for managing virtual instances
In Linux, which of the following log files usually contains the most comprehensive list of events?
The /var/log/syslog file
What PowerShell command can be used to extract and compress archives right from the command line?
The Compress-Archive commandlet in PowerShell can help work with Archives from the command line.
What is the name of the tool that ships with Windows and lets you partition a disk and format a file system?
The Disk Management Utility
What happens to background apps while a foreground app is in use on iOS and Android?
The OS will suspend background mobile apps.
Which of the following tools can help you gather information about the processes running on a Windows operating system?
The Task Manager All of the above The tasklist utility from a command prompt The Get-Process commandlet from a PowerShell prompt
Which Windows NTFS filesystem features can help minimize file corruption?
The fsutil self-healing utility The chkdsk /F (check disk with fix flag) command
What controls the core components of the operating system in Linux?
The kernel
You're given the output of an ls -l of a file in Linux. 1 ls -l books_file 2 3 dr-x-wxr-- 1 phelan cool_group 0 Aug 20 11:10 books_file Answer the following question: Who does the last trio of bits (r--) in the file permission and attributes refer to?
The last trio of permission bits refers to the permission of all other users on the machine.
Which command is used in both Linux and Windows CLI to create a new directory?
The mkdir command is for making a new directory, applicable for both Linux and Windows CLI.
Which portion of the PuTTY package allows you to perform file transfers using the Secure Copy protocol?
The pscp.exe tool, or PuTTY Secure Copy Client, will let you copy files to and from remote computers using SCP.
Disk partitions can be used for which of the following purposes? Select all that apply.
To be able to select from two different operating systems at boot up To create volumes To use different file systems on the same hard drive
What is disk cloning used for? Select two that apply.
To copy files from remote computers using the Secure Copy protocol (SCP) To image a computer system To set up a remote desktop To back up a machine
What is the purpose of a DLL in Windows?
To share a package of useful code among programs. A DLL, or Dynamic Linked Library, is loaded when a program is run and provides useful code for the program.
in Linux, in the /dev directory, which of these devices starts with sd?
USB flash drives
Which of the following actions may update your Linux device drivers? Select the two that apply.
Updating the Linux kernel Installing a kernel module
What are the best methods of checking the provided options from the installation package when performing an installation from the command line in Windows? Check all that apply.
Use the /?, /h, or /help flags when running the package to see if they provide any helpful output. Often, the /?, /h, and /help switches will give some insight into what options the installer provides. Alternatively, check the documentation for the software to get the same information.
What are the two most common ways to terminate a process in Linux at the CLI? Select two options.
Use the kill pidcommand. Use the kill -KILL pidcommand.
What's one main difference between Windows and Linux processes?
Windows processes can operate independent of their parents. Linux processes have a parent-child relationship.
For an ssh connection to work, which of the following need to be true? Check all that apply.
You need to specify a hostname to SSH into. The SSH server is running on the host you want to connect to. SSH is installed on client.
What happens when you type the following command in the Linux command line: sudo dd if=/dev/sdd of=~/Desktop/USBcopy.imge bs=100M? Select all that apply.
You will make a copy of all data located on an sdd device. You will create an image file on your desktop
What happens when you type the following command in the Powershell command line: putty.exe -ssh [email protected] 22?
Your computer connects to an SSH located at IP address 104.131.122.215
What's the difference between apt and dpkg? Check all that apply.
apt is used as a package manager. dpkg is used as a standalone Debian package command. apt installs package dependencies.
Before installing a software, which of the following commands should be run to get an updated version of the software?
apt update
In Bash, which of the following commands can be used to view the contents of a document? Check all that apply.
cat less The cat and less commands are used to view the contents of a file.
Question 5 Which command can be used on Windows CLI to see the first 10 lines of a file called "more_information.txt"?
cat more_information.txt -head 10 The flag -head of the cat command displays "n" number of lines from the beginning of the file.
Using a Linux machine, you have the following directory tree: [directory tree plugin]. If your current path is /home/cindy/Pictures/Canada, and you want to change to the Alaska directory, which of the following commands can you use? Check all that apply.
cd /home/cindy/Pictures/Alaska
If I wanted to change permissions of a file called honey_bears, what command could I use to grant write access to the owner of the file without changing other permissions? The owner currently only has read access to the file. Check all that apply.
chmod u+w honey_bears. OR chmod o+w honey_bears
A Linux machine has a file named "types_of_fish.txt". Which of the following commands can be used to append the word "trout" to the file contents?
echo trout >> types_of_fish.txt The >> is used as an append redirector.
You're given the output of an ls -l of a file in Linux. 1 ls -l books_file 2 3 dr-x-wxr-- 1 phelan cool_group 0 Aug 20 11:10 books_file Answer the following question: What permissions does the second trio of bits (-wx) give you? Check all that apply.
executable, writeable
A Linux machine has the following files: apple.txt banana.jpg chocolate.txt orange.txt What command can be used to search for the word "fruit" in the text files? Check all that apply.
grep fruit apple.txt chocolate.txt orange.txt grep fruit *.txt The grep command can be used to search files for certain words. Also the * wildcard command can be used to filter by a specific pattern.
What is the name of the process that starts up other processes needed to boot a Linux OS?
init is the process that starts up the other processes needed to start up a computer with Linux OS. There are more nuances to process creation than this, but this is a very general introduction to init.
In a Linux machine, what command can you use to absolutely kill a process with a PID of 342?
kill -KILL 342
In a Linux machine, what command can you use to suspend a process with a PID of 342?
kill -TSTP 342
In a Linux machine, what command can you use to safely terminate a process with a PID of 342?
kill 342
Using a linux machine, which of the following commands can be used to list through a directory called /home/ben/Documents and search for the word "important" in the filenames in that directory?
ls /home/ben/Documents | grep important The | command is used to pipe the output of one command into another.
What are the basic linux file permissions? Check all that apply
read, write, execute
In Bash, which of the following commands can be used to remove a directory named "Miscellaneous Directory" ?
rm -r Miscellaneous\ Directory
Which of the following commands will install a new version of the Linux kernel?
sudo apt full-upgrade
On a Linux system, which command would add a new user?
sudo useraddusername
Which of the following commands can be used to observe your syslog in real time?
tail -f /var/log/syslog
What command can you use to see the version of the kernel on your Linux system?
uname -r
