Organelle Task Cards

List the 4 structures that all cells have

1) Genetic material (DNA/RNA) 2) Cytoplasm 3) Cell membrane 4) Ribosomes

Define "organelle" in your own words

A specialized structure within a cell that keeps a the cells function running

Make a claim for the type of cell pictured to the left, and defend your claim with evidence and reasoning

Animal cell. The picture did not have a cell wall so I knew it was not a plant cell, which I then looked at saw that it had lysosomes and centrioles which are only present in animal cells.

Fat cells specialize in storing energy. To do this, one organelle takes up nearly 90% of the cell, with all other organelles pushed to the sides. What organelle do you think it is?

Central Vacuole

List the 3 organelles unique to plant cells and explain why each one is important for plant cells but animal cells wouldn't need them

Chloroplast (where photosynthesis happens, converts light energy from sun) Cell Wall (made of cellulose, chitin and peptidoglycan) Central Vacuole (massive central structure (storage))

Sperm cells must travel a long distance through the male and female reproductive systems in order to reach an egg to fertilize. Which organelle(s) would most help a sperm cell achieve this long journey

Cilia and flagella

Distinguish between cilia and flagella

Cilia: shorter, moves fluid across cell's surface Flagella: longer, moves entire cell through extracellular fluid

Categorize the following types of organisms as eukaryotes or prokaryotes

Eukaryotes: fungi, animals, protists, bacteria Prokaryotes: plants

Which organelle is responsible for transporting proteins and cell makes to be processed, shipped out, and/ or used?

Golgi Apparatus

Identify the organelle picture to the right and include 3 things it does for the cell

Golgi Apparatus Processes, sorts, and ships proteins where needed

Match the macromolecule on the left to its main role in the right cell membrane

Lipids: the main component of bilayer Carbs: Structural Proteins: Transport

White blood cells protect the human body against invaders and infectious diseases. What organelle(s) do you think play a critical role in them doing their job?

Lysosomes

Identify which macromolecule is considered the "information molecule" and where it is stored in a eukaryotic cell vs. a prokaryotic cell

Nucleic acid, Prokaryotic: Found in cytoplasm Eukaryotic: found in nucleus

Explain why cellular respiration is a necessary process for living things. Include what organelle it occurs in

Occurs in the mitochondria. It is necessary because it helps us breath and releases ATP which is energy in food that breaks down and releases into usable energy

Describe the purpose of ribosomes and why they are so essential for the cell

Purpose: To make proteins in a process called translation Essential bc they make proteins that are used within the cell

List two differences between the smooth and rough ER

Rough ER: Has ribosomes on surface Smooth ER: No ribosomes on surface

Muscle cells require a lot of energy to contract and produce movement in the body. What organelle(s) do you think they have more of than other cells?

The mitochondria

Consider a disease that results in a lack of energy. Which organelle(s) do you predict would most likely be impacted? Which macromolecules(s) do you think the person would struggle to use?

The mitochondria would be most impacted because it where the production of energy occurs. The macromolecules that a person would struggle to use would be carbs and lipids since those are the first two macromolecules that the body would break down first.

___ organisms are made of one single cell, whereas ___ organisms are made of many cells that organize into tissues, organs, and organ systems

Unicellular, multicellular