Organizational Management Final- Quizzes and Etc.

Big Five Personality Traits

extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience

Creating Shared Value (CSV)

-company has shared values, beliefs, and make an effort to display through their work and relationships -includes everyone in company -consumers are looking for companies that display shared value

Five Distortions in Perception

1. stereotyping 2. implicit bias 3. halo effect 4. recency effect 5. casual attribution

During the forming stage of a group or team, the leader should A. allow people to socialize B. establish permanent control C. empower team members D. encourage disagreement E. work through team conflicts

A. allow people to socialize

Maggie's manager notices that she exhibits an external locus of control when she speaks about her work. Her manager should A. assign Maggie to a highly structured job requiring greater compliance B. place Maggie in a job requiring high initiative and low compliance C. give Maggie a job with little social contact with coworkers/customers D. direct Maggie toward a job with more autonomy E. provide incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions

A. assign Maggie to a highly structured job requiring greater compliance

In using reinforcement, a manager should A. clearly communicate the desired behavior B. reward both desired and undesired behavior C. give all employees the same rewards to ensure fairness D. save rewards for weekly or monthly celebrations E. avoid using punishment

A. clearly communicate the desired behavior

Ice Cream Paradise has a president, vice president of marketing, and vice president of finance, each with their own departments under them. This is an example of which organizational structure? A. functional B. matrix C. horizontal D. hollow E. modular

A. functional

Madeline wants to be the best manager. She knows what it means to manage her staff and she knows the right way to do it. She also wants to be cautious that she does not put herself in the position that it is her way or no way. What type of manager is Madeline aspiring to be? A. geocentric B. polycentric C. parochial D. ethnocentric E. synergistic

A. geocentric

What is a sign that a group is suffering from groupthink? A. peer pressure makes members agree with the ideas of the other people in the group B. Minority dissent is allowed, even encouraged C. all ideas and conclusions must be backed up with data D. the group would rather take the time to come to the right decision rather than agree too quickly on what may be the wrong decision E. the group actively considers new ideas, even if these ideas challenge underlying assumptions

A. peer pressure makes members agree with the ideas of the other people in the group

In equity theory, employees are motivated to A. resolve feelings of injustice and see fairness in the rewards they expect for task performance B. work harder when they have more freedom C. correct themselves when they aren't working hard enough D. blame others when they miss work or fail at tasks E. work just hard enough to get what they want

A. resolve feelings of injustice and see fairness in the rewards they expect for task performance

What is the role of big business in meeting SDGs A. Big businesses can ignore SDGs B. Big businesses can use their reputations, reach, and resources to deliver impactful solutions C. Big businesses can easily overcome inertia to create shared value D. Big businesses are notably innovative and agile enough to achieve SDGs E. Big businesses need only the CEO's commitment to create a shared-value perspective

B. Big businesses can use their reputations, reach, and resources to deliver impactful solutions

Revised path-goal theory indicates to leaders that they must consider A. hiring new employees and eliminating current ones who don't fit your leadership style B. Modifying their leadership style to fit employee and task characteristics C. Stirring up the current work environment to generate competition D. Focusing on applying relationship-oriented behaviors for workplace success E. altering their approach to that of servant leadership

B. Modifying their leadership style to fit employee and task characteristics

As the CEO of a company that produces products for schools, Amber believes that her company needs not only to produce a profit but also to do things that benefit society. _______ guides Amber's beliefs. A. individual responsibility B. social responsibility C. the desire for sustainability D. a sense of moral rights E. corporate lobbying

B. Social responsibiltiy

An example of _____ would be when a manager expects employees to perform badly, they probably will, and when the manager expects them to perform well, they probably will. A. the recency effect B. a self-fulfilling prophecy C. self-serving bias D. stereotyping E. employee engagement

B. a self-fulfilling prophecy

Which of the following is NOT an example of noise in the communication process in a typical classroom? A. a student in the back of the classroom texting a friend B. a student answering a professor's question C. groundskeepers mowing the lawn outside the classroom window D. uncomfortable classroom desks E. an attractive person walking by the open door

B. a student answering a professor's question

Guero brought his proposal to Pote before the meeting saying, "I'm sure you have some ideas on this, and we could try to get them incorporated upfront." Which influence tactic is Guero using? A. inspirational appeals B. consultation C. ingratiating tactics D. rational persuasion E. legitimating tactics

B. consultation

according to Harvard Business School professor Michael Porter, strategic positioning means _____ to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. A. aggressive growth B. distinctive positioning C. collaborative planning D. strategic alliances E. retrenchment

B. distinctive positioning

Hunter is the R&D manager at a technology company. He started a project for a new operating system that has shown evidence of difficulties in implementation. However, Hunter can't admit that his project will not work, and continues to invest his team's time and budget to the project. Finally, the CEO calls Hunter to her office to ask him to ditch the project and to tell him he suffers from ____________ bias. A. framing B. escalation of commitment C. overconfidence D. representativeness E. anchor

B. escalation of commitment

Colin is a branch manager for a large freight company. He has noticed low morale lately, perhaps because of the cramped quarters, stricter policies, and lack of raises this year. According to Herzberg, Colin should first concentrate on A. needs for achievement B. hygiene factors C. esteem needs D. motivating factors E. growth needs

B. hygiene factors

Katia, the computer department manager at Tech Enterprises, is considering whether to use a group to develop a plan to help employees sell extended warranties on technology sales. Katia should consider having the group make this decision if A. time is of the essence B. it will increase acceptance of the plan C. group members are not knowledgeable and need to learn more D. group members are overly confident about decision making E. the decision-making group is exceptionally large

B. it will increase acceptance of the plan

Which of the following is NOT part of VRIO A. organization B. resource C. imitability D. rarity E. value

B. resource

Nick's team was not making much progress on defining a new production process. Tarek was being very uncooperative. He did not agree with Nick's direction, and he has not completed his tasks. This team is in what stage of group development? A. performing B. storming C. adjourning D. forming E. norming

B. storming

The upper management of a large national insurance company has passed along the new goal of improving customer service to the district managers. The district managers will set goals to be achieved over the next 6 to 24 months as part of _____ planning A. working-level B. tactical C. middle-level D. operational E. strategic

B. tactical

The marketing director for Zap Games, a video game company, has informed his employees that he feels the company needs to improve its relationship with the distributors of the company's products because the distributors are part of the ______ environment for Zap Games. He believes that a stronger relationship with distributors will lead to more market share, and higher profits, for both Zap Games and its distributors. A. strategic B. task C. external D. outlying E. internal

B. task

Organizations using a matrix structure A. contain multiple overlapping command structures, in which all employees report to many managers B. centralize authority into a single person C. contain two command structures, in which some people report to two bosses D. establish a hierarchy in which employees report to only one supervisor E. utilize teams or workgroups with few lines of authority

C. contain two command structures, in which some people report to two bosses

People high in ________ are responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues. A. self-esteem B. external locus of control C. emotional intelligence D. self-efficacy E. agreeableness

C. emotional intelligence

Rosie, the sales manager for a software development firm, is working on the problem of increasing sales by using the rational model of decision making. In the first step she identified the problem of her employees needing more training. In the second step she thought of alternative solutions; and in the third step she evaluated alternatives and selected a solution. Rosie needs to _____ in the fourth and final step. A. do more research to look at types of training B. select a contingency plan C. implement and evaluate the training program chosen D. determine how costly the solution will be E. set up a diversity and synergy training plan to increase the chances of success

C. implement and evaluate the training program chosen

the BCG matrix is a means of evaluating strategic business units on the basis of their A. business costs and share of the market B. differentiation and profitability C. market growth rate and share of the market D. BCG ratio E. company growth and profitability

C. market growth rate and share of the market

Clothing make The Gap states that its purpose as an organization is to "Create emotional connections with customers around the world through inspiring product design, unique store experiences and competitive marketing" this is the company's A. management pledge B. belief statement C. mission statement D. goals pact E. code of ethics

C. mission statement

With the community interested in eating healthy, Mary Catherine, a restaurant owner, is considering adding more gluten-free dishes to her menu. This decision is uncertain and risky, and she finally decides to go with her gut feelings. Mary Catherine is exhibiting A. rational decision making B. MBO C. nonrational decision making D. satisficing E. a code of ethics

C. nonrational decision making

_______ in a low-context culture A. e-mail is a very popular method of communicating B.. citizens prefer to meet face-to-face rather than electronically C. shared meaning are derived primarily from written and spoken words D. meanings are derived primarily from situational cues E. life moves at a very slow pace

C. shared meaning are derived primarily from written and spoken words

To increase profitability, top management of a national retailer needs to decide if it will close several stores. Management knows that by closing the locations, it will save the company millions of dollars and benefit many stockholder groups and individuals, compared to keeping those stores open and benefiting fewer people. This logic is an example of the ___ approach. A. individual B. deontological C. utilitarian D. procedural justice E. moral-rights

C. utilitarian

The approach to leadership that suggests that effective leadership behavior depends on the situation at hand is the ______ approach A. transformational B. behavioral C. trait-based D. contingency E. ethical

D. Contingency

Content perspectives, also known as need-based perspectives, include all EXCEPT which one of the following theories? A. Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory B. Herzberg's two-factor theory C. McClelland's acquired needs theory D. Equity theory E. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory

D. Equity theory

Which of the following is true of informal groups? A. Informal groups have appointed leaders B. A temporary committee is an example of an informal group C. Members of an informal group are assigned to it by the skills they possess D. Informal groups can advance or undercut the plans of formal groups E. Informal groups are primarily created to solve an organizational problem

D. Informal groups can advance or undercut the plans of formal groups

Employees and customers are treated like a family at Bayou Seafood Café. Paul and Betsey, the owners, work to encourage unity to increase their employees' job satisfaction and commitment. At their café, Paul and Betsey have built a(n) A. market culture B. goal-driven agenda C. bureaucracy culture D. clan culture E. adhocracy culture

D. clan culture

Sales this year at Donna's Pawn Shop have been high, and based on several factors, Donna projects next year's sales to also be good. However, even with her forecast of continued strong sales, Donna and her partner need to develop a plan in case sales drop unexpectedly. This type of planning for alternative future conditions is known as ____. A. background planning B. trend analysis C. a vision plan D. contingency planning E. a managerial pact

D. contingency planning

The purpose of MBO is to A. control subordinates B. control costs C. control lower-level management D. motivate subordinates E. increase market share and develop synergy

D. motivate subordinates

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, in the zone between the motivating factors and the hygiene factors, employees are A. dissatisfied B. satisfied C. unmotivated D. neither satisfied nor dissatisfied E. stagnant

D. neither satisfied nor dissatisfied

If a manager knows one of her employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, she should A. provide frequent reminders about improving weaknesses B. avoid delegating work to this employee C. redesign the work so that it is routine and structured D. reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills E. avoid giving feedback

D. reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills

Aisha, the controller of Luna Pizza, is purchasing several new delivery vehicles. Aisha has numerous work responsibilities, so she has limited time to shop for cars. Because of the time constraints, she cannot make an extensive search for the best alternative, so she looks for cars until she finds a model that is satisfactory. Aisha is following the ______ model A. dilemma B. rational C. limited focus D. satisficing E. limited scope

D. satisficing

Fewer children are interested in learning how to play a musical instrument, and young people having less interest in owning cars. These two trends are examples of ____ forces at work. A. developmental B. financial C. political D. sociocultural E. legal

D. sociocultural

Chung manages his employees by carefully monitoring their production, comparing what they do to predicted schedules and desired budgets. Chung can best be described as a ________ leader. A. relationship-oriented B. charismatic C. transformational D. task-oriented E. servant

D. task-oriented

Which one of the following is one way to think about management? A. efficiency in motion B. the science of helping people C. the science of accomplishing things D. the art of getting things done through people E. the science of synergy

D. the art of getting things done through people

What is the main difference between a vertical hierarchy of authority and a horizontal specialization? A. Vertical hierarchy shows the different jobs and horizontal specialization shows the tasks for each person B. Horizontal specialization shows the chain of command and vertical hierarchy shows the communication network C. vertical hierarchy has different people for each task and the horizontal specialization shows the chain of command D. vertical hierarchy shows who reports to whom and horizontal specialization shows the different jobs

D. vertical hierarchy shows who reports to whom and horizontal specialization shows the different jobs

You have been asked by a new a hair salon, Twist & Braid, to identify whether or not they should expand the business either by opening a new salon or expanding the current salon to offer new services. As a first step you interview the owner and clients as they come in for their appointments. You also visit a few other local businesses and conduct interviews of people as they pass by. You also review Yelp and Facebook for reviews of the salon. Which of the following best describes the process you are implementing? A. re-envisioning B. branding C. VRIO D. MBO E. SWOT

E. SWOT

Which of the following is a characteristic of transformational leaders? A. They are better in stable situations B. They try to get people to do ordinary things C. They monitor progress toward their achievement D. They provide rewards in exchange for employees doing the work E. They encourage people to do exceptional things to produce significant results and change

E. They encourage people to do exceptional things to produce significant results and change

Bob, the owner of Orthopedic Supply, just discovered that his trusted friend Ruth, his accountant for over 30 years, has been mishandling the company books and stealing from the company bank account. Bob must decide whether to ignore his friend's actions and avoid bad publicity for Orthopedic Supply, or to have Ruth arrested for embezzlement. Bob is facing A. a whistle-blower B. a moral courage decision C. an issue of corporate governance D. a social audit E. an ethical dilemma

E. an ethical dilemma

A+ Enterprises has a reputation of reliability and a winning customer service, qualities that helped to build this highly respected name brand over the last 15 years. Speaking at a recent business conference, Benjamin, the CEO of A+, told his audience, "We have built our reputation by changing little over the last several years, but consistently helping customers with great, caring service and a reliable product." Which type of strategy does A+ Enterprises use? A. defensive strategy B. merger approach C. retrenchment strategy D. growth strategy E. stability strategy

E. stability strategy

Process Perspectives on Employee Motivation

Equity theory: Focuses on the desire to be treated with equity and to avoid perceived inequity Expectancy theory: reflects a person's intensity or desire to achieve a goal and a belief in the likelihood of achieving that goal Goal-setting theory: a theory of motivation based on directing one's effort toward the attainment of specific goals that have been set or established

Margarita believes that she controls her own destiny. She is a rather shy person who is extremely dependable and responsible, and her coworkers respect her greatly. Margarita has a(n) ________ locus of control and would rate high on the ________ dimension of personality. A. external; extroversion B. neutral; agreeableness C. internal; conscientiousness D. unstable; openness to experience E. positive; emotional stability

internal; conscientiousness

What are the four principle functions of management?

planning, organizing, leading, controlling