Passive and Active Transport

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solution

A mixture of 2 or substances

Exocytosis

A type of active transport, process by which a cell releases contents. (Ex. protein secretion, neurotransmitter release)

Endocytosis

A type of active transport, process where a cell engulfs materials with a portion of the cell's plasma membrane and releases the contents inside of the cell. (Ex. pinocytosis, phagocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis)

Potassium Pump

A type of active transport, pumps in potassium that diffusion takes out of the cell.

Sodium Pump

A type of active transport, pumps out unneeded sodium from the inside of a cell that diffusion moves in.

Pinocytosis

A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests liquid from its surroundings and its dissolved solutes.

Phagocytosis

A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests solids (Large particles) from its surroundings. (Ex. White blood cell membrane engulfing bacteria cell)

Osmosis

A type of passive transport, diffuses water through a selectively permeable membrane. (Ex. Distilled water entering a cell)

Facilitated Diffusion

A type of passive transport, lets larger molecules enter the cell membrane, uses a protein channel or carrier molecule to move the molecule, ion, etc. (Ex. movement of glucose through a cell membrane)

Diffusion

A type of passive transport, moves molecules through phospholipid bilayer. (Ex. exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs)

Filtration

A type of passive transport, smaller molecules are forced through porous membranes. (Ex. molecules leaving blood capillaries)

Salt water

Give one example of a hypertonic solution

Hypotonic

Having more particles inside the cell than outside of the cell

Hypertonic

Having more particles outside of the cell than inside the cell

Isotonic

Having the same number of particles inside the cell as outside the cell

Equilibrium

Identify the term from the diagram

active

Identify the term from the diagram

diffusion

Identify the term from the diagram

endocytosis

Identify the term from the diagram

exocytosis

Identify the term from the diagram

facilitated diffusion

Identify the term from the diagram

hypertonic

Identify the term from the diagram

hypotonic

Identify the term from the diagram

isotonic

Identify the term from the diagram

osmosis

Identify the term from the diagram

passive

Identify the term from the diagram

permiable

If a substance is able to diffuse across a membrane it is said to be

cell wall

In plant and bacteria cells, what keeps them from bursting due to osmotic pressure?

Passive (physical) Transport

Movement of molecules across the cell membrane from kinetic energy from molecular motion. Moves molecules, atoms, ions, etc. from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

Sodium and potassium

Name two molecules moved through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion.

Control, solutes

One of the most important functions of the cell membrane is to _________ the movement of dissolved ___________ from the liquid on one side of the membrane to the liquid on the other.

protein heads in the phosphate

Scientists call the membrane a mosaic for this reason.

Osmotic Pressure

The ability of osmosis to lift a column of water

provides support, shape, protection

The main function of the cell wall

Drinking too much water

This is an example of creating a hypotonic solution in the body

channel protein

Transport protein that provides a tube-like opening in the plasma membrane through which particles can diffuse.

transport materials and maintain osmosis

Two functions of the cell membrane

Oxygen and nutrients

Two molecules that enter into the cell through the cell membrane.

Carbon Dioxide and wastes

Two molecules that exit the cell through the cell membrane.

Cellulose

What are plant cell walls composed of ?

Osmosis deals with water, and diffusion deals with any substance.

What is the main difference between osmosis and diffusion?

isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic,

What solution(s) cause osmosis?

plants,proteins,bacteria

What three types of organisms have cell walls?

Facilitated Diffusion

When proteins help molecules move across the membrane. LEFT TO RIGHT

equilibrium

When the particles are the same throughout, the the system has reached

The blue heads and white tails.

Where is the carbohydrate chains?

the purple 'sticks'

Where is the lipid bilayer?

The yellow

Where is the protein channel?

isotonic

cell is the same

protein channels

cell membranes have __________ which make it easy for certain molecules to cross the membrane.

hypertonic

cell shrinks because there is more water inside.

hypotonic

cell swells because water moves outside.

energy

is used during active transport but not passive

pumps

protein channels are also known as

protein

the cell membrane contains _________ molecules that are embedded in the lipid bilayer.

carrier protein

transport protein that changes shape when a particle binds with it

Transport protein

used to help substances enter/exit the cell

osmosis

Diffusion of water from high to low concentration

hypotonic

Because cells are hypertonic in relation to water, osmosis produces a net movement of water in the cell. if that happens the cell will become _______ and can even burst

Random

Diffusion depends on _______ particle movements

no

Does diffusion require energy?

Active (physiological) Transport

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. Moves molecules, atoms, ions, etc. from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.


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