Passive and Active Transport
solution
A mixture of 2 or substances
Exocytosis
A type of active transport, process by which a cell releases contents. (Ex. protein secretion, neurotransmitter release)
Endocytosis
A type of active transport, process where a cell engulfs materials with a portion of the cell's plasma membrane and releases the contents inside of the cell. (Ex. pinocytosis, phagocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis)
Potassium Pump
A type of active transport, pumps in potassium that diffusion takes out of the cell.
Sodium Pump
A type of active transport, pumps out unneeded sodium from the inside of a cell that diffusion moves in.
Pinocytosis
A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests liquid from its surroundings and its dissolved solutes.
Phagocytosis
A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests solids (Large particles) from its surroundings. (Ex. White blood cell membrane engulfing bacteria cell)
Osmosis
A type of passive transport, diffuses water through a selectively permeable membrane. (Ex. Distilled water entering a cell)
Facilitated Diffusion
A type of passive transport, lets larger molecules enter the cell membrane, uses a protein channel or carrier molecule to move the molecule, ion, etc. (Ex. movement of glucose through a cell membrane)
Diffusion
A type of passive transport, moves molecules through phospholipid bilayer. (Ex. exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs)
Filtration
A type of passive transport, smaller molecules are forced through porous membranes. (Ex. molecules leaving blood capillaries)
Salt water
Give one example of a hypertonic solution
Hypotonic
Having more particles inside the cell than outside of the cell
Hypertonic
Having more particles outside of the cell than inside the cell
Isotonic
Having the same number of particles inside the cell as outside the cell
Equilibrium
Identify the term from the diagram
active
Identify the term from the diagram
diffusion
Identify the term from the diagram
endocytosis
Identify the term from the diagram
exocytosis
Identify the term from the diagram
facilitated diffusion
Identify the term from the diagram
hypertonic
Identify the term from the diagram
hypotonic
Identify the term from the diagram
isotonic
Identify the term from the diagram
osmosis
Identify the term from the diagram
passive
Identify the term from the diagram
permiable
If a substance is able to diffuse across a membrane it is said to be
cell wall
In plant and bacteria cells, what keeps them from bursting due to osmotic pressure?
Passive (physical) Transport
Movement of molecules across the cell membrane from kinetic energy from molecular motion. Moves molecules, atoms, ions, etc. from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
Sodium and potassium
Name two molecules moved through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion.
Control, solutes
One of the most important functions of the cell membrane is to _________ the movement of dissolved ___________ from the liquid on one side of the membrane to the liquid on the other.
protein heads in the phosphate
Scientists call the membrane a mosaic for this reason.
Osmotic Pressure
The ability of osmosis to lift a column of water
provides support, shape, protection
The main function of the cell wall
Drinking too much water
This is an example of creating a hypotonic solution in the body
channel protein
Transport protein that provides a tube-like opening in the plasma membrane through which particles can diffuse.
transport materials and maintain osmosis
Two functions of the cell membrane
Oxygen and nutrients
Two molecules that enter into the cell through the cell membrane.
Carbon Dioxide and wastes
Two molecules that exit the cell through the cell membrane.
Cellulose
What are plant cell walls composed of ?
Osmosis deals with water, and diffusion deals with any substance.
What is the main difference between osmosis and diffusion?
isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic,
What solution(s) cause osmosis?
plants,proteins,bacteria
What three types of organisms have cell walls?
Facilitated Diffusion
When proteins help molecules move across the membrane. LEFT TO RIGHT
equilibrium
When the particles are the same throughout, the the system has reached
The blue heads and white tails.
Where is the carbohydrate chains?
the purple 'sticks'
Where is the lipid bilayer?
The yellow
Where is the protein channel?
isotonic
cell is the same
protein channels
cell membranes have __________ which make it easy for certain molecules to cross the membrane.
hypertonic
cell shrinks because there is more water inside.
hypotonic
cell swells because water moves outside.
energy
is used during active transport but not passive
pumps
protein channels are also known as
protein
the cell membrane contains _________ molecules that are embedded in the lipid bilayer.
carrier protein
transport protein that changes shape when a particle binds with it
Transport protein
used to help substances enter/exit the cell
osmosis
Diffusion of water from high to low concentration
hypotonic
Because cells are hypertonic in relation to water, osmosis produces a net movement of water in the cell. if that happens the cell will become _______ and can even burst
Random
Diffusion depends on _______ particle movements
no
Does diffusion require energy?
Active (physiological) Transport
Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. Moves molecules, atoms, ions, etc. from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.