Pathology chapter 6 end of chapter questions

The karyotype of a patient with Turner syndrome shows: A. 43 autosomes and XYY B. 44 autosomes and XO C. 44 autosomes and XYY D. 44 autosomes and XXY

44 autosomes and XO

Hypothetically, an autosomal-dominant trait would be clinically present in: A. 25% of the offspring of an affected parent B. 50% of the offspring of an affected parent C. 75% of the offspring of an affected parent D. Only in males, never in female offspring

50% of the offspring of an affected parent

Karotype refers to: A. A portion of a chromosome attached to another chromosome B. A pair of chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome C. A microphotograph showing a person's chromosomes from a single cell D. The position occupied by a gene in a chromosome

A microphotograph showing a person's chromosomes from a single cell

Trisomy refers to: A. One extra chromosome in each pair B. Three extra chromosomes C. The presence of two extra X chromosomes in a male D. A pair chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome

A pair of chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome

Patients with hypophosphatasia characteristically have: A. Increase in serum alkaline phosphate levels B. Obliterated pulp chambers C. Marked gingival keratinization D. Absence of root cementum

Absence of root cementum

Patients with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) may be present with: A. Macroglossia B. Poor oral hygiene C. Mental delay or disability D. All of the above

All of the above

Patients with an x-linked hereditary condition: A. Are generally affected more severely if they are men B. Are always XYY C. Have cells with an extra Barr body D. Are always women

Are generally affected more severely if they are men

Taurodontic teeth: A. Have long roots B. Have thistle-shaped pulp chambers C. Are pyramidal in shape D. Are supernumerary

Are pyramidal in shape

All of the following are characteristics of Cherubism except one. Which one is the exception? A. Pseudoandontia B. Autosomal dominant C. Ocular hypertelorism D. Autosomal recessive

Autosomal recessive

The papillon-lefevre syndrome is inherited according to an: A. X-linked recessive pattern B. Autosomal-dominant pattern C. Autosomal-recessive pattern D. X-linked dominant pattern

Autosomal-recessive pattern

Which of the following are the same in mitosis and meiosis? A. The number of chromosomes in each cell at the end B. Chiasmata formation between chromosome pairs and crossing over occurs C. Before division, the DNA is replicated in S phase D. Two rounds of cell division occur

Before division, the DNA is replicated in S phase

Which of the following is not considered a component of MEN 2B syndrome? A. Pheochromocytoma B. Medullary thyroid carcinoma C. Multiple mucosal neuromas D. Bilateral acoustic neuromas

Bilateral acoustic neuromas

Which syndromes are caused by nondisjunction? A. Down syndrome. B. Klinefelter syndrome C. Both a and b D. Neither a or b

Both a and b

If a patient with Cherubism were to have a jaw lesion biopsied, the histology would closely resemble which of the following? A. Odontogenic keratocyst B. Dentigerous cyst C. Central giant cell granuloma D. Ameloblastoma

Central giant cell granuloma

The constriction that joins the short and long arms of each chromosome is called the: A. Chromatid B. Equatorial plate C. Centromere D. Chiasmata

Centromere

A 14-year-old boy is seen in consultation because of bilateral mandibular swelling. Radiographs show a bilateral multilocular lesion in the ascending mandibular rami. The mother of this patient has similar findings. The most likely diagnosis of this patient is: A. Cleidocranial dysplasia B. Gardner syndrome C. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome D. Cherubism

Cherubism

What is assessed by a patient's karyotype? A. Protein B. RNA C. Bone structure D. Chromosomes

Chromosomes

In which of the following conditions can the shoulders be brought forward to the midline as the result of Hypoplastic clavicles? A. Cherubism B. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome C. Turner syndrome D. Cleidocranial dysplasia

Cleidocranial dysplasia

In all inherited varieties of gingival fibromatosis, the gingival enlargement is characterized by a marked: A. Alveolar bone hypertrophy B. Collagenization of the connective tissue C. Hyperplasia of the covering epithelial D. Chronic inflammatory cellular infiltrate

Collagenization of the connective tissue

Which of the following is the most serious component of Gardner syndrome? A. Teeth hypercementosis B. Mandibular odontomas C. Colorectal polyposis D. Multiple osteomas

Colorectal polyposis

All of the following are involved in Cherubism except one. Which one is the exception? A. Cronoid process B. Condyle C. Posterior mandible D. Ascending ramus

Condyle

Hypotrichosis means: A. Increased number of sweat glands B. Diminished number of sweat glands C. Increased amount of hair D. Decreased amount of hair

Decreased amount of hair

Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta may develop dental anomalies that closely resemble which of the following conditions? A. Amelogenesis imperfecta. B. Dentinogenesis imperfecta C. Radicular dentin dysplasia D. Taurodontism

Dentiogenesis imperfecta

Which one of the following is associated with cyclic neutropenia? A. Exfoliating teeth because of short roots B. Chipping away enamel C. Diminished number of circulating neutrophils D. Premature loss of primary teeth

Diminished number of circulating neutrophils

Intestinal polyps are the most significant clinical characteristics of which of the following syndromes? A. Gardner. B. Ellis-van Creveld. C. Laband. D. Cleidocranial dysostosis.

Gardner

The major concern for a dental hygienist when treating a patient with Osler-Rendu-Parkes Weber syndrome should be: A. Severe infections B. Epithelial desquamation C. Spontaneous ulcerations D. Gingival hemorrhage

Gingival hemorrhage

Patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia characteristically have: A. Blue sclera B. Excessive amounts of hair C. Hypodontia D. Multiple tongue nodules

Hypodontia

Premature loss of the mandibular incisor teeth may be seen in which of the following conditions? A. Hypophosphatasia B. Vitamin D- resistant rickets C. Down syndrome D. Gorlin syndrome

Hypophosphatasia

Which of the following is characteristically associated with teeth with large pulp chambers? A. Coronal dentin dysplasia B. Dentinogenesis imperfecta C. Hypophosphatemia D. Pitted autosomal-dominant amelogenesis imperfecta

Hypophosphatemia

The so-called "enamel agenesis" is one of which type of amelogenesis imperfecta? A. Hypocalcified B. Hypomaturation C. Hypoplastic-hypomaturation D. Hypoplastic

Hypoplastic

Two characteristic clinical components of mandibulofacial dysostosis are: A. Lack of clavicles and delayed teeth eruption B. Hypodontia and dysplastic nails C. Hypoplastic mandible and deafness D. Cleft lip and fistulas of lower lip

Hypoplastic mandible and deafness

Torus mandibularis and torus palatinus are: A. Sporadic traits B. Inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait C. Inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait D. More prevalent

Inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait

Which of the following is characteristically associated with oral ulcerations? A. Gardner syndrome B. Gorlin syndrome C. Kostmann syndrome D. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Kostmann syndrome

Deafness is a constant feature of: A. Laband syndrome. B. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome. C. Mandibulofacial dysostosis. D. Cherubism.

Mandibulofacial dysostosis

The most frequently exfoliated teeth in patients with hypophosphatasia are the: A. Mandibular permanent incisors B. Mandibular primary incisors C. Maxillary primary molars D. Maxillary primary incisors

Maxillary primary incisors

Which of the following tumors is potentially life threatening? A. Neuroma B. Medullary carcinoma of thyroid C. Osteoma D. Pheochromocytoma

Medullary carcinoma of thyroid

A gamete is the result of the process of: A. The S phase B. Meiosis C. Mitosis D. Prophase

Meiosis

The cause of all forms of labial and palatal clefting is considered to be: A. Multifactorial B. Environmental C. Autosomal recessive D. Autosomal dominant

Multifactorial

All of the following are considered components of devoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome) except one. Which is the exception? A. Palmar and plantar pittting B. Multiple odontogenic keratocysts of the jaw. C. Multiple osteomas of the jaw D. Bifid or splayed ribs

Multiple osteomas of the jaw

Which of the following is a component of the peutz-jegners syndrome? A. Multiple jaw cysts B. Multiple pigmented maculae's on the lower lip and mucosa C. Multiple nodules on the tip of the tongue D. Multiple supernumerary teeth

Multiple pigmented maculae's on the lower lip and mucosa

The most frequent site of hemorrhage in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is the: A. Lip mucosa B. Gingiva C. Nasal mucosa D. Eyelids

Nasal mucosa

Taurodontism is most often observed in: A. Native Americans B. Asians C. Europeans D. South Americans

Native americans

Bilateral acoustic neuroma's are seen in which of the following syndromes? A. Neurofibromatosis type I B. Neurofibromatosis type II C. MEN 2B D. Cleidocranial dysplasia

Neurofibromatosis type II

Kostmann syndrome is a variety of which of the following? A. Neutropenia B. Leukemia C. Osteogenesis D. Hemophilia

Neutropenia

Odontogenic keratocyst are a component of: A. Cherubism B. Pegged lateral incisors C. Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome D. Neurofibromatosis of von recklinghausen

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

Barr bodies are seen at the: A. Nuclear periphery of all cells in women B. Periphery of the cytoplasm in all human cells C. Nuclear periphery of all human cells D. Periphery of the cytoplasm in all cells from women

Nuclear periphery of all cells in women

A 9-year-old boy exhibits markedly swollen, red, and bleeding gingiva. in addition, he has mobility, and the intraoral radiographs show marked alveolar bone atrophy with vertical periodontal pockets. Which of the following will be found in this child if he were to have papillon-lefevre syndrome? A. Lack of anterior vestibular sulcus B. Diminished sweating C. Palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis D. Blue sclerae

Palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis

Which of the following syndromes does not have gingival fibromatosis as a clinical feature? A. Leband B. Papillon-Lefevre C. Murray-Puretic-Drescher D. Hypertrichosis, epilepsy, and mental retardation

Papillon-lefevre

Trisomy 13 is also referred to as: A. Down syndrome B. Patau syndrome C. Gorlin syndrome D. Gardner syndrome

Patau syndrome

Which of the following is true for Von Recklinghausen disease? A. Patients may have gingival neurofibromas B. It is inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait. C. Patients experience a generalized whitening of the oral mucosa D. Patients have multiple fibromatoses

Patients may have gingival neurofibromas

Which of the following statements regarding Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is false? A. Patients will develop adenomatous polyps of the gastrointestinal tract. B. Patients will develop perioral pigmentation. C. it is caused by an alteration in chromosome 19 D. All of the above are true.

Patients will develop adenomatous polyps of the gastrointestinal tract.

Which one of the following is typically found in the MEN 2B syndrome? A. Carcinoma of the pancreas B. Pheochromocytoma C. Basal cell carcinomas D. Carcinoma of the colon

Pheochromocytoma

The order of the four stages of mitosis is: A. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase B. Metaphase, prophase, telophase, anaphase C. Anaphase, metaphase, telophase, prophase D. Prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase

Prophase, metaphase, anphase, telophase

Radiographs of a patient with radicular dentin dysplasia show: A. Taurodontic teeth B. Large pulp chambers with long pulp horns C. Pulp chambers with a half-moon appearance D. Internal root resorption

Pulp chambers with a half-moon appearance

In dentinogenesis imperfecta type II, teeth have: A. Roots that are short and thin B. Dilacerated roots C. Hard, dense dentin D. Chiasmata

Roots that are short and thin

A 19-year-old women is diagnosed with cleidocranial dysplasia. She has absent clavicles and a mushroom-shaped skull. Which of the following conditions is she also most likely to have? A. Large pulp chambers B. Taurodontism C. Supernumerary teeth D. Pegged lateral incisors

Supernumerary teeth

Both Gardner syndrome and cleidocranial dysplasia may be associated with which of the following oral manifestations? A. Supernumerary teeth B. Osteomas of the mandible C. Multiple odontogenic keratocysts of the jaw. D. Premature exfoliation of mandibular incisor teeth.

Supernumerary teeth

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia has all of the following features except one. Which one is the exception? A. Hypotrichosis B. Hypohidrosis C. Saddle ridge nose D. Supernumerary teeth

Supernumerary teeth

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome has all of the following characteristics except except one. Which one is the exception? A. Multiple capillary dilations. B. Scalp and ears are affected. C. Supernumerary teeth. D. Epistaxis.

Supernumerary teeth

Which one of the following statements is true when comparing cyclic neutropenia and Kostmann syndrome? A. The oral lesions in cyclic neutropenia are more severe. B. Both conditions are inherited as autosomal dominant. C. Both conditions are associated with capillary fragility. D. The oral lesions in Kostmann syndrome are always present unless systemic treatment is instituted.

The oral lesions in Kostmann syndrome are always present unless systemic treatment is instituted.

All of the following are characteristics of ribosomes except one. Which one is the exception? A. They are located in the nucleus B. They facilitate the formation of new proteins. C. They are partly made of RNA D. They bind tRNA molecules.

They are located in the nucleus

The characteristic finding in permanent teeth affected with coronal dentin dysplasia is: A. Large, square pulp chambers in molars B. Thistle-shaped pulp chambers in incisors C. Crowns with amber color D. Markedly short roots

Thistle-shaped pulp chambers in incisors

Cannon disease is also known as: A. White sponge nevus B. Gingival fibromatosis C. Chronic neutropenia D. Cherubism

White sponge nevus

People with snow-capped amelogenesis imperfecta have teeth with: A. Short, blunted roots B. White, hypocalcified enamel at the incisal and occlusal thirds C. A thin, brown enamel D. Obliterated pulp chamber

White, hypocalcified enamel at the incisal and occlusal thirds

The Lyon hypothesis is demonstrated by: A. X-linked dominant trait B. X-linked recessive trait C. Autosomal-dominant traits D. Autosomal-recessive traits

X-linked dominant traits