Pathology chapter 6 end of chapter questions
The karyotype of a patient with Turner syndrome shows: A. 43 autosomes and XYY B. 44 autosomes and XO C. 44 autosomes and XYY D. 44 autosomes and XXY
44 autosomes and XO
Hypothetically, an autosomal-dominant trait would be clinically present in: A. 25% of the offspring of an affected parent B. 50% of the offspring of an affected parent C. 75% of the offspring of an affected parent D. Only in males, never in female offspring
50% of the offspring of an affected parent
Karotype refers to: A. A portion of a chromosome attached to another chromosome B. A pair of chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome C. A microphotograph showing a person's chromosomes from a single cell D. The position occupied by a gene in a chromosome
A microphotograph showing a person's chromosomes from a single cell
Trisomy refers to: A. One extra chromosome in each pair B. Three extra chromosomes C. The presence of two extra X chromosomes in a male D. A pair chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome
A pair of chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome
Patients with hypophosphatasia characteristically have: A. Increase in serum alkaline phosphate levels B. Obliterated pulp chambers C. Marked gingival keratinization D. Absence of root cementum
Absence of root cementum
Patients with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) may be present with: A. Macroglossia B. Poor oral hygiene C. Mental delay or disability D. All of the above
All of the above
Patients with an x-linked hereditary condition: A. Are generally affected more severely if they are men B. Are always XYY C. Have cells with an extra Barr body D. Are always women
Are generally affected more severely if they are men
Taurodontic teeth: A. Have long roots B. Have thistle-shaped pulp chambers C. Are pyramidal in shape D. Are supernumerary
Are pyramidal in shape
All of the following are characteristics of Cherubism except one. Which one is the exception? A. Pseudoandontia B. Autosomal dominant C. Ocular hypertelorism D. Autosomal recessive
Autosomal recessive
The papillon-lefevre syndrome is inherited according to an: A. X-linked recessive pattern B. Autosomal-dominant pattern C. Autosomal-recessive pattern D. X-linked dominant pattern
Autosomal-recessive pattern
Which of the following are the same in mitosis and meiosis? A. The number of chromosomes in each cell at the end B. Chiasmata formation between chromosome pairs and crossing over occurs C. Before division, the DNA is replicated in S phase D. Two rounds of cell division occur
Before division, the DNA is replicated in S phase
Which of the following is not considered a component of MEN 2B syndrome? A. Pheochromocytoma B. Medullary thyroid carcinoma C. Multiple mucosal neuromas D. Bilateral acoustic neuromas
Bilateral acoustic neuromas
Which syndromes are caused by nondisjunction? A. Down syndrome. B. Klinefelter syndrome C. Both a and b D. Neither a or b
Both a and b
If a patient with Cherubism were to have a jaw lesion biopsied, the histology would closely resemble which of the following? A. Odontogenic keratocyst B. Dentigerous cyst C. Central giant cell granuloma D. Ameloblastoma
Central giant cell granuloma
The constriction that joins the short and long arms of each chromosome is called the: A. Chromatid B. Equatorial plate C. Centromere D. Chiasmata
Centromere
A 14-year-old boy is seen in consultation because of bilateral mandibular swelling. Radiographs show a bilateral multilocular lesion in the ascending mandibular rami. The mother of this patient has similar findings. The most likely diagnosis of this patient is: A. Cleidocranial dysplasia B. Gardner syndrome C. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome D. Cherubism
Cherubism
What is assessed by a patient's karyotype? A. Protein B. RNA C. Bone structure D. Chromosomes
Chromosomes
In which of the following conditions can the shoulders be brought forward to the midline as the result of Hypoplastic clavicles? A. Cherubism B. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome C. Turner syndrome D. Cleidocranial dysplasia
Cleidocranial dysplasia
In all inherited varieties of gingival fibromatosis, the gingival enlargement is characterized by a marked: A. Alveolar bone hypertrophy B. Collagenization of the connective tissue C. Hyperplasia of the covering epithelial D. Chronic inflammatory cellular infiltrate
Collagenization of the connective tissue
Which of the following is the most serious component of Gardner syndrome? A. Teeth hypercementosis B. Mandibular odontomas C. Colorectal polyposis D. Multiple osteomas
Colorectal polyposis
All of the following are involved in Cherubism except one. Which one is the exception? A. Cronoid process B. Condyle C. Posterior mandible D. Ascending ramus
Condyle
Hypotrichosis means: A. Increased number of sweat glands B. Diminished number of sweat glands C. Increased amount of hair D. Decreased amount of hair
Decreased amount of hair
Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta may develop dental anomalies that closely resemble which of the following conditions? A. Amelogenesis imperfecta. B. Dentinogenesis imperfecta C. Radicular dentin dysplasia D. Taurodontism
Dentiogenesis imperfecta
Which one of the following is associated with cyclic neutropenia? A. Exfoliating teeth because of short roots B. Chipping away enamel C. Diminished number of circulating neutrophils D. Premature loss of primary teeth
Diminished number of circulating neutrophils
Intestinal polyps are the most significant clinical characteristics of which of the following syndromes? A. Gardner. B. Ellis-van Creveld. C. Laband. D. Cleidocranial dysostosis.
Gardner
The major concern for a dental hygienist when treating a patient with Osler-Rendu-Parkes Weber syndrome should be: A. Severe infections B. Epithelial desquamation C. Spontaneous ulcerations D. Gingival hemorrhage
Gingival hemorrhage
Patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia characteristically have: A. Blue sclera B. Excessive amounts of hair C. Hypodontia D. Multiple tongue nodules
Hypodontia
Premature loss of the mandibular incisor teeth may be seen in which of the following conditions? A. Hypophosphatasia B. Vitamin D- resistant rickets C. Down syndrome D. Gorlin syndrome
Hypophosphatasia
Which of the following is characteristically associated with teeth with large pulp chambers? A. Coronal dentin dysplasia B. Dentinogenesis imperfecta C. Hypophosphatemia D. Pitted autosomal-dominant amelogenesis imperfecta
Hypophosphatemia
The so-called "enamel agenesis" is one of which type of amelogenesis imperfecta? A. Hypocalcified B. Hypomaturation C. Hypoplastic-hypomaturation D. Hypoplastic
Hypoplastic
Two characteristic clinical components of mandibulofacial dysostosis are: A. Lack of clavicles and delayed teeth eruption B. Hypodontia and dysplastic nails C. Hypoplastic mandible and deafness D. Cleft lip and fistulas of lower lip
Hypoplastic mandible and deafness
Torus mandibularis and torus palatinus are: A. Sporadic traits B. Inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait C. Inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait D. More prevalent
Inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait
Which of the following is characteristically associated with oral ulcerations? A. Gardner syndrome B. Gorlin syndrome C. Kostmann syndrome D. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Kostmann syndrome
Deafness is a constant feature of: A. Laband syndrome. B. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome. C. Mandibulofacial dysostosis. D. Cherubism.
Mandibulofacial dysostosis
The most frequently exfoliated teeth in patients with hypophosphatasia are the: A. Mandibular permanent incisors B. Mandibular primary incisors C. Maxillary primary molars D. Maxillary primary incisors
Maxillary primary incisors
Which of the following tumors is potentially life threatening? A. Neuroma B. Medullary carcinoma of thyroid C. Osteoma D. Pheochromocytoma
Medullary carcinoma of thyroid
A gamete is the result of the process of: A. The S phase B. Meiosis C. Mitosis D. Prophase
Meiosis
The cause of all forms of labial and palatal clefting is considered to be: A. Multifactorial B. Environmental C. Autosomal recessive D. Autosomal dominant
Multifactorial
All of the following are considered components of devoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome) except one. Which is the exception? A. Palmar and plantar pittting B. Multiple odontogenic keratocysts of the jaw. C. Multiple osteomas of the jaw D. Bifid or splayed ribs
Multiple osteomas of the jaw
Which of the following is a component of the peutz-jegners syndrome? A. Multiple jaw cysts B. Multiple pigmented maculae's on the lower lip and mucosa C. Multiple nodules on the tip of the tongue D. Multiple supernumerary teeth
Multiple pigmented maculae's on the lower lip and mucosa
The most frequent site of hemorrhage in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is the: A. Lip mucosa B. Gingiva C. Nasal mucosa D. Eyelids
Nasal mucosa
Taurodontism is most often observed in: A. Native Americans B. Asians C. Europeans D. South Americans
Native americans
Bilateral acoustic neuroma's are seen in which of the following syndromes? A. Neurofibromatosis type I B. Neurofibromatosis type II C. MEN 2B D. Cleidocranial dysplasia
Neurofibromatosis type II
Kostmann syndrome is a variety of which of the following? A. Neutropenia B. Leukemia C. Osteogenesis D. Hemophilia
Neutropenia
Odontogenic keratocyst are a component of: A. Cherubism B. Pegged lateral incisors C. Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome D. Neurofibromatosis of von recklinghausen
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
Barr bodies are seen at the: A. Nuclear periphery of all cells in women B. Periphery of the cytoplasm in all human cells C. Nuclear periphery of all human cells D. Periphery of the cytoplasm in all cells from women
Nuclear periphery of all cells in women
A 9-year-old boy exhibits markedly swollen, red, and bleeding gingiva. in addition, he has mobility, and the intraoral radiographs show marked alveolar bone atrophy with vertical periodontal pockets. Which of the following will be found in this child if he were to have papillon-lefevre syndrome? A. Lack of anterior vestibular sulcus B. Diminished sweating C. Palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis D. Blue sclerae
Palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis
Which of the following syndromes does not have gingival fibromatosis as a clinical feature? A. Leband B. Papillon-Lefevre C. Murray-Puretic-Drescher D. Hypertrichosis, epilepsy, and mental retardation
Papillon-lefevre
Trisomy 13 is also referred to as: A. Down syndrome B. Patau syndrome C. Gorlin syndrome D. Gardner syndrome
Patau syndrome
Which of the following is true for Von Recklinghausen disease? A. Patients may have gingival neurofibromas B. It is inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait. C. Patients experience a generalized whitening of the oral mucosa D. Patients have multiple fibromatoses
Patients may have gingival neurofibromas
Which of the following statements regarding Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is false? A. Patients will develop adenomatous polyps of the gastrointestinal tract. B. Patients will develop perioral pigmentation. C. it is caused by an alteration in chromosome 19 D. All of the above are true.
Patients will develop adenomatous polyps of the gastrointestinal tract.
Which one of the following is typically found in the MEN 2B syndrome? A. Carcinoma of the pancreas B. Pheochromocytoma C. Basal cell carcinomas D. Carcinoma of the colon
Pheochromocytoma
The order of the four stages of mitosis is: A. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase B. Metaphase, prophase, telophase, anaphase C. Anaphase, metaphase, telophase, prophase D. Prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
Prophase, metaphase, anphase, telophase
Radiographs of a patient with radicular dentin dysplasia show: A. Taurodontic teeth B. Large pulp chambers with long pulp horns C. Pulp chambers with a half-moon appearance D. Internal root resorption
Pulp chambers with a half-moon appearance
In dentinogenesis imperfecta type II, teeth have: A. Roots that are short and thin B. Dilacerated roots C. Hard, dense dentin D. Chiasmata
Roots that are short and thin
A 19-year-old women is diagnosed with cleidocranial dysplasia. She has absent clavicles and a mushroom-shaped skull. Which of the following conditions is she also most likely to have? A. Large pulp chambers B. Taurodontism C. Supernumerary teeth D. Pegged lateral incisors
Supernumerary teeth
Both Gardner syndrome and cleidocranial dysplasia may be associated with which of the following oral manifestations? A. Supernumerary teeth B. Osteomas of the mandible C. Multiple odontogenic keratocysts of the jaw. D. Premature exfoliation of mandibular incisor teeth.
Supernumerary teeth
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia has all of the following features except one. Which one is the exception? A. Hypotrichosis B. Hypohidrosis C. Saddle ridge nose D. Supernumerary teeth
Supernumerary teeth
Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome has all of the following characteristics except except one. Which one is the exception? A. Multiple capillary dilations. B. Scalp and ears are affected. C. Supernumerary teeth. D. Epistaxis.
Supernumerary teeth
Which one of the following statements is true when comparing cyclic neutropenia and Kostmann syndrome? A. The oral lesions in cyclic neutropenia are more severe. B. Both conditions are inherited as autosomal dominant. C. Both conditions are associated with capillary fragility. D. The oral lesions in Kostmann syndrome are always present unless systemic treatment is instituted.
The oral lesions in Kostmann syndrome are always present unless systemic treatment is instituted.
All of the following are characteristics of ribosomes except one. Which one is the exception? A. They are located in the nucleus B. They facilitate the formation of new proteins. C. They are partly made of RNA D. They bind tRNA molecules.
They are located in the nucleus
The characteristic finding in permanent teeth affected with coronal dentin dysplasia is: A. Large, square pulp chambers in molars B. Thistle-shaped pulp chambers in incisors C. Crowns with amber color D. Markedly short roots
Thistle-shaped pulp chambers in incisors
Cannon disease is also known as: A. White sponge nevus B. Gingival fibromatosis C. Chronic neutropenia D. Cherubism
White sponge nevus
People with snow-capped amelogenesis imperfecta have teeth with: A. Short, blunted roots B. White, hypocalcified enamel at the incisal and occlusal thirds C. A thin, brown enamel D. Obliterated pulp chamber
White, hypocalcified enamel at the incisal and occlusal thirds
The Lyon hypothesis is demonstrated by: A. X-linked dominant trait B. X-linked recessive trait C. Autosomal-dominant traits D. Autosomal-recessive traits
X-linked dominant traits