Patient Care Study Guide week 2
The condition of slow heart rate, below 60 beats/min, is termed
bradycardia
An intrathecal injection is a direct injection into the:
spinal canal
How can a radiographer be less intimidating to a child?
squat down to the child's level
A 9-year-old has just fallen off the monkey bars. She has obvious deformity to her mid forearm. How should the radiographer care for her when taking x-rays?
support the joint above and below the deformity
An incision into the chest, with insertion of a tube to relieve pneumothorax or hemothorax is termed:
thoracotomy
An adult male patient is evaluated in the emergency department and is found to have a pulse rate of 70 bpm, respiration rate of 29 breaths per minute, blood pressure of 118/75 mmHg, and SPO2 of 96%. The abnormal finding among these vital signs indicates
trachypnea
When attempting to move a 300-pound object, which rules of body mechanics represents the safest option?
Roll or push the object
How quickly will nearly all life-threatening contrast medium reactions occur after injection?
20 minutes
Vital signs include which of the following?
Body temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and arterial blood pressure
If a radiographer shares a patient's X-ray of a celebrity with a friend not directly involved with the patient's care, the radiographer may be accused of:
Breach of confidentially
Which patient is most likely to suffer to ill effects from a contrast medium injection?
elderly patient in renal failure
The proper medical term for a patient who suddenly turns pale and feels cold and clammy is:
Diaphoretic
Rapid, irregular and ineffective contraction of atrial and ventricular cardiac muscle fibers is termed:
fibrillation
Before injecting contrast, a blood test is frequently ordered to check the BUN. What does BUN stand for?
Blood Urea Nitrogen
A patient is scheduled for a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG). The radiographer explains the procedure in these terms: "This tubing will be connected to your catheter. It's very important that the bladder gets very full. so please let us know when you feel the urge to urinate" For which patient is this explanation most appropriate?
24-year-old woman
Which three of the following laboratory tests are commonly used to evaluate the risk of contrast induced nephropathy?
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) & Creatinine & Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Which statement most accurately explains the typical reaction a patient can expect following the intravenous administration of low-osmolar iodinated contrast media?
"You may feel a warm sensation"
CPR compressions should be delivered at a rate of about how many compressions per minute?
100
The average pulse rate of an infant is:
100-150 beats per minute
What is the normal respiratory rate for adults?
12 to 18 breaths per minute
When helping a patient into/out of a wheelchair, the wheelchair should be locked and how many degrees to the x-ray table/bed?
45 degrees
What is the normal adult systolic range and normal adult diastolic range?
90 to 120 & 60 to 80
A patient with advanced Alzheimer's disease needs to have a lung biopsy. Which condition is involved in legally obtaining informed consent to perform this procedure?
A guardian has been fully informed
Which example represents a violation of a patient's privacy, if communicated to anyone not directly involved with the care of the patient?
A named patient is called for his barium enema
The medical condition, ketoacidosis refers to:
Acute hyperglycemia
Modesty and personal independence are most important to a child in which stage of development?
Adolescence
Which type of shock is the most immediately life threatening?
Anaphylactic
A patient becomes unresponsive after receiving an injection of iodinated contrast media. The patient's blood pressure is 80/50. What has likely occurred?
Anaphylactic shock
Which of the following is the term used to describe episodes of chest pain that occur when coronary arteries are unable to supply the heart with sufficient oxygenated blood?
Angina pectoris
All of the following are true statements, except:
Anticholinergic drugs increase blood pressure and decrease heart rate
Which type of medication is diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?
Antihistamine
A patient is having a lengthy procedure done in the medical imaging department. The patient seemed to be anxious at the beginning of the procedure and starts wheezing. What should the radiographer do next?
Ask the patient if they have a history of asthma
"If you don't hold still, I will have to stick you again with this needle" is an example of:
Assault
During a routine chest x-ray, the radiographer stands the patient up and walks them to the chest stand. The patient seems unsteady; the radiographer observes the patient's eyes rolling back. What is the first thing the radiographer should do?
Assist the patient into a safe position and call for help
Which three of the following are characteristics of barium sulfate (BaSO4)?
BaSO4 increases opacification of the area of interest & BaSO4 is a collodial suspension when mixed in water & Barium in BaSO4 has an atomic number of 56
If a patient has no known allergies, the two most likely causes of anaphylactic response when undergoing a routine double contrast lower gastrointestinal study (GI) would be sensitivity to:
Barium solution & Latex
If an x-ray technologist touches their patient without asking first, they are guilty of:
Battery
What conversion is used to change Farenheit to Celsisu?
C= (F-32)/1.8
Which two of the following devices may an oncology patient have for the delivery of chemotherapy medication?
Central Venous Catheter (CVC) & Implantable venous access port (PORT)
Which 3 of the following visual signs can the radiographer use to continually assess patient condition?
Changes in skin color, breathing rate, and level of consciousness.
Which disease requires the infect patient to be placed on airborne precautions?
Chickenpox
A patient with a wound infection caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) should be placed under which type of precaution?
Contact
Which three of the following would be considered indirect methods of disease transmission?
Contaminated water supply & Mosquito bite & Airborne residue
What is the termed used to describe a symptom or circumstance that makes a treatment unsafe or inappropriate?
Contraindication
What type of injury is described as a severe blow to the head that often results in injury to the opposite side of the head?
Contrecoup
During a myelogram, a patient on the table stops breathing, and cardiac arrest is suspected. In an emergency like this, where are the needed equipment and supplies found?
Crash cart
Which of the following is a device that is used to administer electric shock to correct ineffectual cardiac rhythm?
Defibrillator
Identify the medical conditions in a patient's history which should be cleared by the radiologist before injection of an ionic, water soluble, injectable contrast agent.
Diabetes
Which of the following are symptoms of a vasovagal allergic reaction to contrast media?
Diaphoresis, Hypotension, and Bradycardia
Nicknamed a Crash Cart, what is this also called?
Emergency Cart
ERCP stands for:
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiographic Pancreatography
Bleeding from the nose is also called:
Epistaxis
A 49-year-old female was referred for mammography, but she is very apprehensive after reading about the risk of ionizing radiation. How should the radiographer handle this situation?
Reassure her that the benefit of the procedure outweighs the potential consequences
A conscious patient's moist trembling hands can be a sign of shock.
False
Barium is water soluable.
False
Body temperatures are lowest in the evening.
False
Drowsy is a level of consciousness.
False
It's important to document whether or not a patient who has a seizure hits anyone during the seizure.
False
Lack of circulation can cause irreparable brain damage in 3-5 seconds.
False
Which of the following is a type of indwelling catheter?
Foley catheter
If a patient contracts an infections microorganism from soiled linen, which term refers to this method of disease transmission?
Fomite
Which type of contrast is best if a patient is suspected of having perforated bowel?
Gastrografin
What numeric system is used to evaluate the changing status of comatose patients?
Glasgow Coma Scale
A patient who suddenly nervous irritable, cold clammy skin, weakness, hunger, and blurred vision requires:
Glucose
Which condition could lead to neurogenic shock?
Head trauma
Which normal effect of aging is a common obstacle to communication with elder adults?
Hearing impairment
Which disease is contracted by exposure to infected blood and blood products?
Hepatitis B
Which two of the following catheters are used for central vascular access?
Hickman & Groshong
What is the possible diagnosis for a diabetic patient who has taken insulin, but no food, and has symptoms including tremors, perspiration, weakness, and hunger?
Hypoglycemia
What type of shock is caused by loss of blood or tissue fluid?
Hypovolemic
A patient who suddenly demonstrates increased thirst, increased urinary output, decreased appetite, nausea, weakness, confusion, and coma requires the administration of:
Insulin
A radiographer prepares to do an excretory urogram on a patient who has a history of asthma. At this institution, polices are in place to select the type of contrast used based on the needs of the patient. Which type of contrast should be used in this situation?
Iodinated, nonionic
Which of the following applies to correct body alignment and movement to avoid injury when stooping, lifting, and moving objects or patients?
Keep a wide base of support when lifting and moving
What position should a non-ambulatory patient who is nauseated be placed in to avoid possible aspiration of vomitus?
Lateral decubitus
If a patient with a compound fracture has immobilization device in place, what is the best action by the radiographer?
Leave the device in place unless directed by a physician to remove it
When referring to a hypodermic needle, the term "gauge" is used to identify the:
Lumen size of the needle
Which of the following is considered a side effect of iodinated contrast media injected into the vascular system?
Metallic taste
How should the wheelchair footrests be positioned as a patient is assisted into or out of a wheelchair?
Moved aside
What is a contraindication for using any type of intravenous contrast material in radiography?
Renal failure
What is the term used to describe restriction of patient movement to ensure safety?
Restraint
Organize the clinical manifestations of anaphylactic shock from mild to most severe.
Nasal congestion, periorbital swelling, itching, sneezing Dyspnea and wheezing Dysphagia, vomiting, and diarrhea Seizures, respiratory, and cardiac arrest
Which of the following shares a meaning with the medical term epistaxis?
Nosebleed
According to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) law, protected health information includes which three of the following?
Patient health conditions, Treatment received for health conditions, Billing and payment for care received
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) created health care laws regarding which three of the following?
Patient right to access their health information & Health information privacy & Health information security
Which example represents a violation of the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy Rule?
Patient's condition is discussed by staff in the break room
Which of the following terms refers to the radiologic interventional procedure that is performed to remove calculi from within the renal pelvis or proximal ureter?
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
A patient with a history of stroke and hemi-paralysis is transported to the x-ray department by wheelchair. Which action should be first taken by the radiographer?
Place the patient's strong side next to the table
Linens or bedding that are soiled with body fluids should be disposed of:
Placing in a bag marked "Biohazard"
Which is the most effective way to give instructions to a patient who does not speak English?
Provide a certified interpreter to translate for the patient
In the imaging department, Lidocaine (Xylocaine) is often used to:
Provide a topical anesthetic for invasive procedures
Which of the following is a disease that is most often a complication of thrombus formation in one or both lower extremities?
Pulmonary embolus (PE)
What are three common sites for measuring the pulse of an adult patient?
Radial artery, brachial artery, and carotid artery
A patient is scheduled for an interventional radiological procedure that required general anesthesia. Who is the most appropriate person to obtain informed consent for the procedure in this situation?
Radiologist
Which 3 of the following are mild latex allergy reactions?
Skin redness, Hives, and Itching
The elimination of all microorganisms from an object is termed:
Sterilization
What is the body position following a myelogram?
Supine with head slightly elevated
Vagus nerve triggering can cause:
Syncopy
What is the term for the pressure in the arterial blood vessels when the left ventricle contracts?
Systolic
Due to a miscommunication, The Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act (HIPAA) law is not assigned as a part of an employee's annual training. Is this considered a HIPAA violation?
This is a HIPAA violation only if the employee has access to protected health information
What is the proper sequencing of exams if a patient is scheduled for a barium enema (BE), intravenous urogram (IVU), and thyroid uptake and scan on the same day?
Thyroid uptake and scan, IVU, BE
Which of the following would be an acceptable treatment for a patient suffering from epistaxis?
Tilt head forward and breath through mouth
Intentional or unintentional acts performed by an individual and based on unreasonable conduct are known as:
Torts
A T-tube is used to drain bile from the hepatic and common bile ducts to outside the body.
True
Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor, which increases cardiac output, raises blood pressure, and relaxes bronchioles.
True
Hypovolemic shock results from excessive loss of blood or plasma.
True
Ionic contrast dissociate into charged particles in solution.
True
Nonionic contrast have osmolality.
True
Oxygen is combustable.
True
PVC in an electrocardiograph means premature ventricular contraction.
True
Pain in the chest caused by insufficient oxygen to the heart due to blockage in coronary arteries is angina pectoris.
True
Triage is the preliminary assessment of patients in order to determine the urgency of their need for treatment.
True
Which of the following is the medical term for hives, or an eruption of itchy wheals?
Urticaria
A sensation of whirling and loss of balance caused by disease affecting the inner ear is
Vertigo
What is the single, most important step radiographers can take to protect themselves and their patients from infection?
Wash their hands between patients
Stridor means:
a harsh vibrating noise when breathing
A vasovagal response is characterized by
decreased heart rate and decreased blood pressure
Orthopnea means:
difficulty breathing while supine
Myocardial infarction means
heart attack
A manometer may be used as part of what procedure?
myelography
In an IVP, an image the first images taken demonstrate the entire kidney, these images are known as:
nephograms
What type of oxygen mask is this?
nonrebreather
Involuntary patient motion can be caused by
post-traumatic shock, medication and low room temperature.
If a patient experiences a seizure, the radiographer's most important task is to
protect the patient from injury
When performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a two-year-old child, it is recommended that the number of compressions per minute, compared with that for an adult,
remain the same.
Isoproterneal:
reverses bronchospasm
