Patient Care Study Guide week 2

The condition of slow heart rate, below 60 beats/min, is termed

bradycardia

An intrathecal injection is a direct injection into the:

spinal canal

How can a radiographer be less intimidating to a child?

squat down to the child's level

A 9-year-old has just fallen off the monkey bars. She has obvious deformity to her mid forearm. How should the radiographer care for her when taking x-rays?

support the joint above and below the deformity

An incision into the chest, with insertion of a tube to relieve pneumothorax or hemothorax is termed:

thoracotomy

An adult male patient is evaluated in the emergency department and is found to have a pulse rate of 70 bpm, respiration rate of 29 breaths per minute, blood pressure of 118/75 mmHg, and SPO2 of 96%. The abnormal finding among these vital signs indicates

trachypnea

When attempting to move a 300-pound object, which rules of body mechanics represents the safest option?

Roll or push the object

How quickly will nearly all life-threatening contrast medium reactions occur after injection?

20 minutes

Vital signs include which of the following?

Body temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and arterial blood pressure

If a radiographer shares a patient's X-ray of a celebrity with a friend not directly involved with the patient's care, the radiographer may be accused of:

Breach of confidentially

Which patient is most likely to suffer to ill effects from a contrast medium injection?

elderly patient in renal failure

The proper medical term for a patient who suddenly turns pale and feels cold and clammy is:

Diaphoretic

Rapid, irregular and ineffective contraction of atrial and ventricular cardiac muscle fibers is termed:

fibrillation

Before injecting contrast, a blood test is frequently ordered to check the BUN. What does BUN stand for?

Blood Urea Nitrogen

A patient is scheduled for a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG). The radiographer explains the procedure in these terms: "This tubing will be connected to your catheter. It's very important that the bladder gets very full. so please let us know when you feel the urge to urinate" For which patient is this explanation most appropriate?

24-year-old woman

Which three of the following laboratory tests are commonly used to evaluate the risk of contrast induced nephropathy?

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) & Creatinine & Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

Which statement most accurately explains the typical reaction a patient can expect following the intravenous administration of low-osmolar iodinated contrast media?

"You may feel a warm sensation"

CPR compressions should be delivered at a rate of about how many compressions per minute?

100

The average pulse rate of an infant is:

100-150 beats per minute

What is the normal respiratory rate for adults?

12 to 18 breaths per minute

When helping a patient into/out of a wheelchair, the wheelchair should be locked and how many degrees to the x-ray table/bed?

45 degrees

What is the normal adult systolic range and normal adult diastolic range?

90 to 120 & 60 to 80

A patient with advanced Alzheimer's disease needs to have a lung biopsy. Which condition is involved in legally obtaining informed consent to perform this procedure?

A guardian has been fully informed

Which example represents a violation of a patient's privacy, if communicated to anyone not directly involved with the care of the patient?

A named patient is called for his barium enema

The medical condition, ketoacidosis refers to:

Acute hyperglycemia

Modesty and personal independence are most important to a child in which stage of development?

Adolescence

Which type of shock is the most immediately life threatening?

Anaphylactic

A patient becomes unresponsive after receiving an injection of iodinated contrast media. The patient's blood pressure is 80/50. What has likely occurred?

Anaphylactic shock

Which of the following is the term used to describe episodes of chest pain that occur when coronary arteries are unable to supply the heart with sufficient oxygenated blood?

Angina pectoris

All of the following are true statements, except:

Anticholinergic drugs increase blood pressure and decrease heart rate

Which type of medication is diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

Antihistamine

A patient is having a lengthy procedure done in the medical imaging department. The patient seemed to be anxious at the beginning of the procedure and starts wheezing. What should the radiographer do next?

Ask the patient if they have a history of asthma

"If you don't hold still, I will have to stick you again with this needle" is an example of:

Assault

During a routine chest x-ray, the radiographer stands the patient up and walks them to the chest stand. The patient seems unsteady; the radiographer observes the patient's eyes rolling back. What is the first thing the radiographer should do?

Assist the patient into a safe position and call for help

Which three of the following are characteristics of barium sulfate (BaSO4)?

BaSO4 increases opacification of the area of interest & BaSO4 is a collodial suspension when mixed in water & Barium in BaSO4 has an atomic number of 56

If a patient has no known allergies, the two most likely causes of anaphylactic response when undergoing a routine double contrast lower gastrointestinal study (GI) would be sensitivity to:

Barium solution & Latex

If an x-ray technologist touches their patient without asking first, they are guilty of:

Battery

What conversion is used to change Farenheit to Celsisu?

C= (F-32)/1.8

Which two of the following devices may an oncology patient have for the delivery of chemotherapy medication?

Central Venous Catheter (CVC) & Implantable venous access port (PORT)

Which 3 of the following visual signs can the radiographer use to continually assess patient condition?

Changes in skin color, breathing rate, and level of consciousness.

Which disease requires the infect patient to be placed on airborne precautions?

Chickenpox

A patient with a wound infection caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) should be placed under which type of precaution?

Contact

Which three of the following would be considered indirect methods of disease transmission?

Contaminated water supply & Mosquito bite & Airborne residue

What is the termed used to describe a symptom or circumstance that makes a treatment unsafe or inappropriate?

Contraindication

What type of injury is described as a severe blow to the head that often results in injury to the opposite side of the head?

Contrecoup

During a myelogram, a patient on the table stops breathing, and cardiac arrest is suspected. In an emergency like this, where are the needed equipment and supplies found?

Crash cart

Which of the following is a device that is used to administer electric shock to correct ineffectual cardiac rhythm?

Defibrillator

Identify the medical conditions in a patient's history which should be cleared by the radiologist before injection of an ionic, water soluble, injectable contrast agent.

Diabetes

Which of the following are symptoms of a vasovagal allergic reaction to contrast media?

Diaphoresis, Hypotension, and Bradycardia

Nicknamed a Crash Cart, what is this also called?

Emergency Cart

ERCP stands for:

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiographic Pancreatography

Bleeding from the nose is also called:

Epistaxis

A 49-year-old female was referred for mammography, but she is very apprehensive after reading about the risk of ionizing radiation. How should the radiographer handle this situation?

Reassure her that the benefit of the procedure outweighs the potential consequences

A conscious patient's moist trembling hands can be a sign of shock.

False

Barium is water soluable.

False

Body temperatures are lowest in the evening.

False

Drowsy is a level of consciousness.

False

It's important to document whether or not a patient who has a seizure hits anyone during the seizure.

False

Lack of circulation can cause irreparable brain damage in 3-5 seconds.

False

Which of the following is a type of indwelling catheter?

Foley catheter

If a patient contracts an infections microorganism from soiled linen, which term refers to this method of disease transmission?

Fomite

Which type of contrast is best if a patient is suspected of having perforated bowel?

Gastrografin

What numeric system is used to evaluate the changing status of comatose patients?

Glasgow Coma Scale

A patient who suddenly nervous irritable, cold clammy skin, weakness, hunger, and blurred vision requires:

Glucose

Which condition could lead to neurogenic shock?

Head trauma

Which normal effect of aging is a common obstacle to communication with elder adults?

Hearing impairment

Which disease is contracted by exposure to infected blood and blood products?

Hepatitis B

Which two of the following catheters are used for central vascular access?

Hickman & Groshong

What is the possible diagnosis for a diabetic patient who has taken insulin, but no food, and has symptoms including tremors, perspiration, weakness, and hunger?

Hypoglycemia

What type of shock is caused by loss of blood or tissue fluid?

Hypovolemic

A patient who suddenly demonstrates increased thirst, increased urinary output, decreased appetite, nausea, weakness, confusion, and coma requires the administration of:

Insulin

A radiographer prepares to do an excretory urogram on a patient who has a history of asthma. At this institution, polices are in place to select the type of contrast used based on the needs of the patient. Which type of contrast should be used in this situation?

Iodinated, nonionic

Which of the following applies to correct body alignment and movement to avoid injury when stooping, lifting, and moving objects or patients?

Keep a wide base of support when lifting and moving

What position should a non-ambulatory patient who is nauseated be placed in to avoid possible aspiration of vomitus?

Lateral decubitus

If a patient with a compound fracture has immobilization device in place, what is the best action by the radiographer?

Leave the device in place unless directed by a physician to remove it

When referring to a hypodermic needle, the term "gauge" is used to identify the:

Lumen size of the needle

Which of the following is considered a side effect of iodinated contrast media injected into the vascular system?

Metallic taste

How should the wheelchair footrests be positioned as a patient is assisted into or out of a wheelchair?

Moved aside

What is a contraindication for using any type of intravenous contrast material in radiography?

Renal failure

What is the term used to describe restriction of patient movement to ensure safety?

Restraint

Organize the clinical manifestations of anaphylactic shock from mild to most severe.

Nasal congestion, periorbital swelling, itching, sneezing Dyspnea and wheezing Dysphagia, vomiting, and diarrhea Seizures, respiratory, and cardiac arrest

Which of the following shares a meaning with the medical term epistaxis?

Nosebleed

According to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) law, protected health information includes which three of the following?

Patient health conditions, Treatment received for health conditions, Billing and payment for care received

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) created health care laws regarding which three of the following?

Patient right to access their health information & Health information privacy & Health information security

Which example represents a violation of the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy Rule?

Patient's condition is discussed by staff in the break room

Which of the following terms refers to the radiologic interventional procedure that is performed to remove calculi from within the renal pelvis or proximal ureter?

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

A patient with a history of stroke and hemi-paralysis is transported to the x-ray department by wheelchair. Which action should be first taken by the radiographer?

Place the patient's strong side next to the table

Linens or bedding that are soiled with body fluids should be disposed of:

Placing in a bag marked "Biohazard"

Which is the most effective way to give instructions to a patient who does not speak English?

Provide a certified interpreter to translate for the patient

In the imaging department, Lidocaine (Xylocaine) is often used to:

Provide a topical anesthetic for invasive procedures

Which of the following is a disease that is most often a complication of thrombus formation in one or both lower extremities?

Pulmonary embolus (PE)

What are three common sites for measuring the pulse of an adult patient?

Radial artery, brachial artery, and carotid artery

A patient is scheduled for an interventional radiological procedure that required general anesthesia. Who is the most appropriate person to obtain informed consent for the procedure in this situation?

Radiologist

Which 3 of the following are mild latex allergy reactions?

Skin redness, Hives, and Itching

The elimination of all microorganisms from an object is termed:

Sterilization

What is the body position following a myelogram?

Supine with head slightly elevated

Vagus nerve triggering can cause:

Syncopy

What is the term for the pressure in the arterial blood vessels when the left ventricle contracts?

Systolic

Due to a miscommunication, The Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act (HIPAA) law is not assigned as a part of an employee's annual training. Is this considered a HIPAA violation?

This is a HIPAA violation only if the employee has access to protected health information

What is the proper sequencing of exams if a patient is scheduled for a barium enema (BE), intravenous urogram (IVU), and thyroid uptake and scan on the same day?

Thyroid uptake and scan, IVU, BE

Which of the following would be an acceptable treatment for a patient suffering from epistaxis?

Tilt head forward and breath through mouth

Intentional or unintentional acts performed by an individual and based on unreasonable conduct are known as:

Torts

A T-tube is used to drain bile from the hepatic and common bile ducts to outside the body.

True

Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor, which increases cardiac output, raises blood pressure, and relaxes bronchioles.

True

Hypovolemic shock results from excessive loss of blood or plasma.

True

Ionic contrast dissociate into charged particles in solution.

True

Nonionic contrast have osmolality.

True

Oxygen is combustable.

True

PVC in an electrocardiograph means premature ventricular contraction.

True

Pain in the chest caused by insufficient oxygen to the heart due to blockage in coronary arteries is angina pectoris.

True

Triage is the preliminary assessment of patients in order to determine the urgency of their need for treatment.

True

Which of the following is the medical term for hives, or an eruption of itchy wheals?

Urticaria

A sensation of whirling and loss of balance caused by disease affecting the inner ear is

Vertigo

What is the single, most important step radiographers can take to protect themselves and their patients from infection?

Wash their hands between patients

Stridor means:

a harsh vibrating noise when breathing

A vasovagal response is characterized by

decreased heart rate and decreased blood pressure

Orthopnea means:

difficulty breathing while supine

Myocardial infarction means

heart attack

A manometer may be used as part of what procedure?

myelography

In an IVP, an image the first images taken demonstrate the entire kidney, these images are known as:

nephograms

What type of oxygen mask is this?

nonrebreather

Involuntary patient motion can be caused by

post-traumatic shock, medication and low room temperature.

If a patient experiences a seizure, the radiographer's most important task is to

protect the patient from injury

When performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a two-year-old child, it is recommended that the number of compressions per minute, compared with that for an adult,

remain the same.

Isoproterneal:

reverses bronchospasm