PE 100 CH 6

According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the World Health Organization (WHO), a BMI of about _________ is considered normal and healthy.

18.5-24.9 %

According to experts, a percentage of body fat below the range of ______ for men and ______ for women is considered unhealthy.

3-5% 8-12%

People are considered obese if their BMI is _____ or above.

30%

The percentage of Americans classified as obese is

40%

Which statement is true about the location of fat in the body? A) Intra-abdominal fat is located under the skin, and adipose fat is located around major organs. B) Subcutaneous fat is located under the skin, and visceral fat is located around major organs. C) Intra-abdominal fat is located around major organs, and adipose fat is located under the skin. D) Subcutaneous fat is located around major organs, and visceral fat is located under the skin.

B

What technique for evaluating health risks associated with body weight is based on the concept that a person's weight should be proportional to his or her height—thus yielding sometimes inaccurate results?

Body Mass Index

Hydrostatic (underwater) weighing uses which statistic to predict the percentage of body fat?

Body density

Why do women have a higher proportion of essential fat than men?

Fat deposits in the breasts, uterus, and other gender specific regions

The number of fat cells a person has is determined by?

Genetically determined

Factors that have contributed to recent increases in overweight and obesity amount Americans include (3 things)

Increased indoor activities, portion size increased, less travel/movement on foot

What is a symptom of metabolic syndrome?

Insulin resistant

What is one possible explanation for the increase in obesity among Americans over the past 40 years?

Portion sizes has increased

The condition called the "female athlete triad" includes abnormal eating patterns decrease in bone density, premature osteoporosis

RED

What are three techniques for estimating percent body fat?

Underwater weighing Body Pod Skin measuring

People who gain weight in the _________ are at greater risk for high blood pressure, diabetes, early-onset heart disease, stroke, certain cancers, and mortality.

abdomen

The Bod Pod, a small chamber that contains computerized sensors, uses _____-____________ to measure body composition.

air-displacement

A BMI of 17.5 or less is sometimes used as a diagnostic criterion for

anorexia nervousa

A disease often associated with excess body weight is

diabetes

If assessment tests indicate that you need to lose weight for your health, but you are otherwise healthy, your first step should be to _________ __ _______

establish a goal

BMI is only an indirect indicator of body fatness and therefore will not accurately classify all individuals because it fails to distinguish between ________ and ________

fat weight fat-free weight

What are health effects of too much body fat?

high blood pressure, diabetes, heart problems, risk of cancer

If your body composition is close to the recommended range, you should probably set a(n) __________ goal.

lifestyle

In the past, people relied on height-weight tables that were based on insurance company mortality statistics, but these were inaccurate because

muscle tissue is denser and heavier than fat; a fit person can easily weigh more than the recommended weight on a height-weight table

To prevent errors in bioelectrical impedance analysis, it is best to avoid _____________ or ____________ prior to measurement.

overhydration dehydration

A person with a BMI of 25 or above is classified as

overweight

The "pear shape" (fat stored in the hips, thighs, and buttocks) is typical of

premenopausal

What are health effects of too little body fat?

respiratory, circulatory, immune problems

Over the past half-century, the popular image of the "ideal" body has changed from/to

slightly plump to unhealthy thin

The terms endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph are all ____________, which describe basic body builds.

somotypes

A person's skinfold measurements often differ between the morning and the evening due to

the amount of water in your body

One significant method for assessing body fat distribution is measurement of ______ circumference.

waist