Penny Ch. 10, 11, & 12

A cystic mass noted at the mandibular angle is most likely a: a. Branchial cleft cyst b. Follicular adenoma c. Thyroglossal duct cyst d. Parathyroid adenoma

A

Abnormal lymph nodes typically measure more than: a. 10 mm b. 7 mm c. 8 mm d. 1 mm

A

All of the following are true of normal intestinal findings with sonography except: a. Normal bowel does not compress b. Normal bowel should have observable peristalsis c. Intestinal wall should measure less than 5 mm d. Normal bowel has little to no color Doppler signals

A

All of the following may be discovered sonographically within the chest except: a. Bronchial infections b. Pleural effusion c. Lymphomas d. Thymomas

A

Lung consolidation typically appears sonographically as: a. Several internal echoes that radiate in a linear pattern because of air within the bronchi b. An anechoic mass with posterior enhancement c. An echogenic mass with posterior shadowing d. A large, hypoechoic mass surrounding the pericardial space

A

The most common cause of intestinal obstruction in children less than 2 years of age is: a. Intussusception b. Midgut malrotation c. Pyloric stenosis d. Acute appendicitis

A

The tissue comprising a lung consolidation can appear sonographically isoechoic to: a. The liver b. The IVC c. The aorta d. The rectus abdominis

A

What type of gland is the thyroid gland? a. Endocrine b. Exocrine c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B

A

Which is the most common sonographic appearance of retroperitoneal fibrosis? a. Hypoechoic mass surrounding the aorta b. Multiple small lymph nodes anterior to the abdominal aorta c. Anechoic mass in the lower abdomen d. Echogenic mass posterior to the kidneys

A

Which muscles are located lateral to each thyroid lobe? a. Sternocleidomastoid b. Longus colli c. Sternohyoid d. Omohyoid

A

Which of the following is not a layer of the gut identified with sonography? a. Visceral b. Serosa c. Submucosa d. Mucosa

A

Which of the following is the hormone that is most abundantly produced by the thyroid? a. Thyroxine b. Iodine c. Triiodothyronine d. Calcitonin

A

Which of the following would most likely be a malignant thyroid nodule? a. Cold nodule b. Hot nodule

A

A mass consisting of abnormal bronchial and lung tissue that develops with the fetal chest best describes: a. Pneumothorax b. Cystic adenomatoid malformation c. Pulmonary sequestration d. Lung consolidation

B

All of the following are sonographic findings of acute appendicitis except: a. Appendicolith b. Compressible, blind-ended tube c. Periappendiceal fluid collection d. Hyperemic flow

B

All of the following are sonographic findings of malignant thyroid nodules except: a. Internal calcifications b. Echogenic mass c. Cervical node involvement d. Solitary mass

B

Clincal findings of retroperitoneal fibrosis include which of the following? a. Hematuria b. Migraine medication use c. Diabetes mellitus d. Diarrhea

B

Gastric cancer is most often in the form of: a. Cystadenocarcinoma b. Adenocarcinoma c. Rhabdomyocarcinoma d. Angiosarcoma

B

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is most often found in infants between: a. 1 and 10 days of age b. 2 and 8 weeks of age c. 10 and 24 weeks of age d. 2 and 4 years of age

B

The thyroid gland utilizes which of the following to produce its hormones? a. Colloid b. Iodine c. Iron d. Calcium

B

Which of the following best describes a hemophiliac? a. A person who lacks hemoglobin and hematocrit clotting factors b. A person who has an inherited bleeding disorder that inhibits the control of blood clotting c. A person who has an inherited breathing disorder that causes the development of pulmonary sequestrations d. A person who has abnormally shaped re blood cells

B

Which of the following best describes the location of pain and rebound tenderness with acute appendicitis? a. Left lateral to the umbilicus and medial to the left iliac crest b. Halfway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the umbilicus c. Midway between the umbilicus and symphysis pubis d. Medial to the superior iliac spine

B

Which of the following is not associated with a rectus sheath hematoma? a. Palpable abdominal mass b. Increased hematocrit c. Child birth d. Sneezing

B

A separate mass of nonfunctioning lung tissue with its own blood supply describes: a. Pneumothorax b. Cystic adenomatoid malformation c. Pulmonary sequestration d. Lung consolidation

C

All of the following are true of abnormal lymph nodes except: a. They tend to lose their echogenic hilum b. Enlargement may be associated with infection or malignancy c. They tend to measure less than 1 cm d. The "sandwich" sign denotes abdominal nodes surrounding and compressing the aorta and IVC

C

Benign congenital cysts located superior to the thyroid gland near the hyoid bone are referred to as: a. Branchial cleft cysts b. Follicular adenomas c. Thyroglossal duct cysts d. Parathyroid adenomas

C

Pediatric patients could suffer from bowel obstructions that are caused by a buildup of ingested hair. The mass associated with this type of obstruction is termed a: a. Phytobezoar b. Lactobezoar c. Trichobezoar d. Permabezoar

C

What is the most common location of a retroperitoneal hematoma in hemophiliac patients? a. Rectum b. Anterior abdominal wall c. Psoas muscle d. Rectus abdominal muscle

C

A thyroid isthmus that measures greater than _____ is indicative of thyroid enlargement. a. 8 mm b. 5 mm c. 12 mm d. 10 mm

D

All of the following are common clinical findings in infants that present with pyloric stenosis except: a. Weight loss b. Dehydration c. Olive sign d. First-born female

D

All of the following are potential causes of lung consolidation except: a. Pneumonia b. Hemorrhage c. Carcinoma d. Pulmonary sequestration

D

Common locations for abdominal lymph nodes include all of the following except: a. Mesentery b. Renal hilum C. Along the length of the abdominal aorta d. Within the subhepatic space

D

The "sandwich" sign denotes: a. Pyloric stenosis b. Intussusception c. Retroperitoneal fibrosis d. Abdominal lymphadenopathy

D

The replacement of normal air-filled alveoli with fluid, inflammation, blood, or neoplastic cells is referred to as: a. Pneumothorax b. Cystic adenomatoid malformation c. Pulmonary sequestration d. Lung consoldation

D

The situation when bowel protrudes into a weakened area in the lower one fourth of the rectus muscle is referred to as a: a. inguinal hernia b. Linea alba hernia c. Umbilical hernia d. Spigelian hernia

D

The superior extension of the thyroid isthmus is referred to as the: a. Thyroglossal duct b. Branchial cleft c. Yodeler's lobe d. Pyramidal lobe

D

Traditionally, treatment for intussusception is by means of: a. Surgery b. External manipulation c. Compression sonography d. Contrast enema

D

Which muscles are located anterior to the thyroid gland? a. Sternocleidomastoid b. Longus colli c. Thyrocervical trunk d. Strap

D

Which of the following is the most common form of thyroid cancer? a. Follicular b. Anaplastic c. Lymphoma d. Papillary

D

All of the following are sonographic criteria in the diagnosis of pyloric stenosis except: a. wall of the pylorus measures less than 8 mm b. Length of the pylorus measures more than 17 mm c. Doughnut appearance in transverse d. Cervix appearance in longitudinal

A (The wall of the pylorus will measure greater than or equal to 3 mm in thickness)

All of the following are hormones produced by the thyroid except: a. Thyroxine b. Iodine c. Triiodothyronine d. Calcitonin

B

Which muscles are located posterior to each thyroid lobe? a. Sternocleidomastoid b. Longus colli c. Sternohyoid d. Omohyoid

B

Which vascular structure is located closest to the thyroid lobes? a. External carotid vein b. External carotid artery c. Internal jugular vein d. Internal carotid artery

B

A normal lymph node will not measure greater than: a. 8 mm b. 5 mm c. 12 mm d. 10 mm

C

The fluid produced by the thyroid gland that contains thyroid hormones is referred to as: a. Thyroxine b. Calcitonin c. Colloid d. Triiodothyronine

C