Pharm Ch 19 Review Quiz

Terminally ill patients who require large doses of opioids for pain management should be frequently assessed for signs and symptoms of addiction or dependence.

False

Tramadol (Ultram), a synthetic analog of codeine, is not classified as a controlled substance

False

Tricyclic antidepressants are the drug of choice for depression in patients recovering from myocardial infarction

False

The DEA and FDA are currently working toward making hydrocodone-containing drugs schedule II due to abuse and high prescribing rates. This will result in no refills and limits on providers who can prescribe.

True

The risk of respiratory depression that may occur with opioid use may be reduced when the medication is titrated up appropriately. This means no abrupt or large incremental increase in doses.

True

Means to be produced from within an organism, made in our body.

e Endogenous

Classification given to calm and soothe

e Sedatives

Antidepressant adjuvant often used for fibromyalgia and nerve pain; amitriptyline (Elavil)

e Tricyclic antidepressant

Adjuvant agent with unique patches meant to be cut to size; lidocaine (Lidoderm)

f Local anesthetic

An adjuvant, first-line therapy for diabetic neuropathic pain; gabapentin (Neurontin)

g Anticonvulsant

First approved of these agonist drugs for migraine treatment; sumatriptan (Imitrex)

h SRA

Used for sleep, the controlled-release tablet is not limited to short-term use but different dose is recommended for females; zolpidem (Ambien)

i Non-benzodiazepine

What antidote should be considered or kept on hand to treat opioid overdose in a patient who begins to exhibit signs of respiratory arrest?

b Administer oxygen

Classification given to relieve pain

b Analgesics

Analgesics produced in the body as a reaction to pain or intense exercise.

b Endorphins

OTC, has anti-pyretic and analgesic properties but very little effect on inflammation; often combined with opioids; acetaminophen (Tylenol)

b Nonopioid analgesic

Drugs that enhance analgesic effects of opioids and nonopioids, produce analgesia alone, or reduce the side effects of analgesics are referred to as _

b adjuvants

Physical adaptation of the body to a medication with resultant withdrawal symptoms following its abrupt discontinuation is

b dependence

Adjuvant analgesics are given to _

b enhance analgesic effects of opioids and nonopioids

An antipyretic is used to treat ___

b fever

Side effects of salicylate analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications can include ____

b prolonged bleeding time, tinnitus, gastric distress, ulceration, and bleeding

Something that may only be experienced or perceived by the individual is said to be _

b subjective

Patients taking analgesics, sedatives, or hypnotics should be provided all of the following instructions, EXCEPT:

d "It is best to use OTC analgesic medications for breakthrough or exacerbations of pain while taking these medications."

Side effects of opioids can include

d All of the above

Contraindications to the use of opioid medications include

d All of the above.

Classification given to promote sleep

d Hypnotics

Many types of these drugs with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-pyretic properties are available OTC or combined with opioids

d NSAID

Why do most patients seek medical care?

d Pain

Side effects of tramadol (Ultram) include ___

d Similar list to opioids and possible seizures

Larger dose is required to get the same level of effect

d Tolerance

Chemicals produced within the brain as a reaction to severe pain or intense exercise are

d endorphins

Hypnotics are used to

d promote sleep

Sleep aid with an intermediate onset; temazepam (Restoril)

j Benzodiazepine (BZD)

Ramelteon (Rozerem); first FDA-approved drug to work on these receptors promoting sleep.

k Melatonin receptor agonist

Phenobarbital, a sedative-hypnotic, is used to treat seizure disorders.

True

Side effects of acetaminophen (Tylenol) can include

c severe liver toxicity and renal insufficiency

Patients who require frequent or long-term use of opioids for pain management always become addicted to them.

False

Sedatives are an excellent first-line medication to use for pain relief

False

Antidepressant adjuvant used for diabetic neuralgia; has no anticholinergic side effects; duloxetine (Cymbata)

I SNRI

An overdose of Tylenol could result in liver toxicity or renal damage.

True

Anti-depressants may be used as adjuvants to analgesics in order to better control pain and lower dose required on opioids.

True

Hypnotics are prescribed to produce sleep.

True

Naloxone (Narcan), an opioid antagonist, is used for treatment of opioid overdoses

True

Classification includes anti-depressant, anti-convulsant, or local anesthetics used as additions to enhance pain control

a Adjuvants

Body adapts and will have withdrawal symptoms if drug is stopped.

a Dependence

For moderate to severe pain; has no analgesic ceiling; morphine sulfate

a Opioid analgesic

Requiring a larger dose of medication to achieve the same level of effect.

a Tolerance

Nonopioid medications are given to

a relieve mild to moderate pain, fever, and anti-inflammatory conditions

Patients taking analgesics, sedatives, or hypnotics should be instructed that:

c "Tolerance may result with prolonged use, with increasingly larger doses being required to achieve the same effect."

An analgesic would be prescribed to treat

c . pain

Classification given to reduce fever

c Antipyretics

NSAID with multiple actions including anti-pyretic and analgesic; often combined with opioids; acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

c Salicylates

Because pain can be experienced or perceived only by the individual, it is ___

c Subjective

Sedatives are given to

c promote sedation, calm, soothe