Pharm Exam 1

How long should life style changes be encouraged to treat dyslipidemia prior to starting on medications?

6 months

A client has chosen to be placed on hospice. Which is acceptable chemotherapy for a client on hospice?

682

A client prescribed epoetin alfa asks how the medication works. Which is the nurse's best response?

"Increases the release of cells to increase the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels."

A client is going home on cholestyramine (Questran). Client teaching should state that cholestyramine should be administered:

1 hour after other medications.

How many pounds are in 1 kilogram?

2.2 lb

Which of the following are included in a lipid panel?

Triglycerides

When considering the immunosuppressed client, which assessment finding has the greatest significance?

fever

A 22-year-old woman has received an organ transplant and is on cyclosporine therapy. The nurse will encourage her to avoid crowds and limit social activities while on the medication due to:

increased risk of infections.

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving immunosuppressant therapy. For what possible complication should the nurse monitor this client?

infection

What plays the largest role in drug excretion?

kidneys

What is a way we stop medication errors

medication reconcilliation

If a patient unresponsive how to you identify?

name band

A client comes to the clinic asking what erythropoiesis means. The nurse would state that erythropoiesis is the process of making:

red blood cells.

Which of the following is a characteristic of chemotherapy?

Administer in cycles

What is important to assess if someone is having a reaction to a medication?

Airway

What are the steps of the nursing process?

Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation and Evaluation

A client that takes ezetimibe - may also be taking what?

Atorvastatin

What occurs when the body produces antibodies against its own cells?

Autoimmune disease

What nonpharmacologic measures should the nurse include when educating a client about the management of metabolic syndrome? Select all that apply.

Begin a low-fat diet. Begin a regular walking program.

This is the #1 complication of Alteplase

Bleeding

What of the following types of cancer is treated by hormonal therapies?

Breast

The health care provider has asked a nurse to administer a drug intravenously to a client who is unresponsive. How can the nurse ensure that the drug is administered to the right client?

By checking the client's wristband.

A client with a history of transplant 3 years ago who is receiving cyclosporine , is at increased risk for what?

Cancer

What cardiac risk factors are related to metabolic syndrome? (Select all that apply.)

Central adiposity Elevated triglycerides Reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol

What client assessment finding will have the greatest effect on the half-life of methotrexate therapy?

Chronic renal impairment

What is the best way to get an order from the provider

Computer entry

A potential side effect of cholestyramine

Constipation

Tacrolimus belongs to what classification of medications?

Conventional anti-rejection agents

An immunosuppressant would be used to treat what?

Crohns Disease

A client with chronic renal failure is prescribed filgrastim. What is the effect of filgrastim?

Decreases neutropenia related to chemotherapy

When assessing a client who has developed an anaphylactic reaction, what would the nurse expect to find?

Difficulty breathing

The nurse instructs a patient to take his prescribed simvastatin at bedtime to promote:

Enhanced drug effectiveness

What kind medication is absorbed slowly over time

Extended Release

T/F You only have to identify your patient once a shift

False

True or False Secondary dyslipidemia is genetic?

False

True or False cholestyramine (Questran) is a cholesterol absorption inhibitor?

False

True or false You only need one patient identifier

False

A male client's triglycerides are still elevated despite lifestyle changes. What does the nurse expect the health care provider to order for this client?

Fenofibrate

When considering the immunosuppressed client, which assessment finding has the greatest significance?

Fever

Which drug is most effective in reducing serum triglyceride levels?

Fibrates

When taking oral cyclosporine - what should you avoid mixing it with?

Grapefruit juice

Which cholesterol is "good" cholesterol?

HDL

Which is the most serious side effect of clopidogrel (Plavix)?

Hematuria

Clotting disorder that happens as a result of taking heparin?

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia(HIT)

Which of the follow is a lab test that is frequently monitored with a patient on anticoagulants?

INR and PT

Why are patients in atrial fibrillation often prescribed warfarin?

It prevents clot formation in the atria.

Which of the following in a client on chemo may contribute to anorexia?

Mucositis

What is true about over the counter medications?

Must be taken as directed

A common adverse effect of traditional cytotoxic antineoplastics is?

Nausea and Vomitting

The client receiving chemotherapy is complaining of nausea and vomiting. Which drug will they likely receive for this?

Odanestron

The provider uses the Beer criteria for what population?

Older Adult

Which is the most likely indication for the use of immunosuppressant agents?

Organ transplantation

Which is not a potential complication of statin therapy?

Papillitis

An 8-year-old male client requires treatment for dyslipidemia. What would the nurse expect the health care provider to order?

Pravastatin

Mycophenolate mofetil is being considered in the treatment of a 39-year-old female transplant recipient. Before the initiation of therapy, the nurse must assess the client for what information to ensure safety?

Pregnancy status

What is a factor for the rate of absorption?

Presence of other drugs Blood flow/GI Route of Drug

Statin drugs help lower cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides by which mechanisms? (Select all that apply.)

Promoting the breakdown of cholesterol Inhibiting the manufacturing of cholesterol

The antidote for heparin is

Protamine Sulfate

Which of the following is another option for treating cancer besides chemotherapy?

Radiaton

A client discharged from the hospital post kidney transplant on anti-rejection therapy. Which is the priority education?

Reducing risk for infection.

After organ transplant - immunosuppresants are given to prevent which of the following:

Rejection reactions

What is the most serious side effect of lovastatin?

Rhabdomyolysis

What is right of medication administration

Right dose Right time Right patient

Medication orders are written with very specific criteria and coincide with the rights of medication administration. What critical piece of information is missing from the following medication order? Cephalexin 250 mg every 8 hours.

Route

A fibrate-statin combination should be avoided because of increased risks of what condition?

Severe myopathy

Which food is high in Vitamin K?

Spinach

A client has been diagnosed with moderately increased LDL, and the primary care provider wishes to start statin therapy. What is a potential disadvantage of statins that the health care provider should consider? Select all that apply.

Statins are expensive. Statins require regularly scheduled blood work.

Important client education r/t taking mycophenolate?

Take on and Empty Stomach

The nurse is caring for a female client in the home. The client is prescribed filgrastim. What would be included in the nurse's education plan?

Techniques to reduce exposure to infection

Which organization is responsible for approving new drugs in the United States?

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Which patient should not receive epoetin alfa (Epogen) as ordered at 9 am?

The patient who has a blood pressure of 240/120 mm Hg

T/F A drug has a chemical, brand & generic name

True

T/F Taking multiple medication can cause drug to drug interaction

True

T/F The lungs excrete medication from the body

True

T/F True or false IV is the quickest route for medications

True

True or False Cancer cells are not well differentiated?

True

True or False Clients taking methotrexate may be more susceptible to pneumonia

True

True or False Dysrhythmias are common after administering alteplase?

True

True or False Grading and staging of cancer assist in developing treatment modalities ?

True

True or False Statins should be taken at bedtime?

True

True or false Alteplase is often called tPA? true of false

True

True or false Statins decrease LDL levels

True

True or false: Enoxaparin is the Generic name for Lovenox

True

A male client is prescribed interferon. What is his probable diagnosis?

Viral hepatitis

Antidote for a warfarin overdose is

Vitamin K

What should you teach a patient/family about enoxaparin on discharge?

Watch for bleeding or excessive bruising.

Which statement would indicate the nurse understands the risks of pre-transplant immunosuppression?

We need to monitor you while you are immunosuppressed

The nurse is teaching the handling of cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs to the wife of a client receiving them. What should the nurse teach her to do?

Wear personal protective equipment when handling the drug.

The medication reconciliation of a newly admitted resident of a nursing home indicates that the patient takes cyclosporine. The nurse should initially suspect that this resident may have:

a previous organ transplant.

The prototype nitrogen mustard derivative?

cyclophosphamide

A nurse is caring for a client following an organ transplant procedure. The client reports that oral cyclosporine tastes awful and that the client is unable to swallow it. The nurse tells the client that it is possible to make the medication more palatable by mixing it with:

orange juice.

Several months of treatment with a statin accompanied by lifestyle modifications have failed to appreciably improve a patient's cholesterol levels. Consequently, the patient has been prescribed cholestyramine. The nurse should recognize that this drug achieves its therapeutic effect by:

oxidizing cholesterol to bile acids.

A nurse notes new drug orders for a client who is already getting several medications. Which is the most important consideration when preparing to administer the new drugs?

possible drug-drug interactions that might occur