Pharm final

What is the primary pharmacologic therapy for Candida albicans?

Antifungal agents

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin) for management of a seizure disorder. Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching?

"If I develop enlarged gums, I will stop taking the medication."

he outcome statement for a patient suffering from anxiety disorder read, "After 1 week on alprazolam (Xanax) therapy, patient will exhibit a manageable level of anxiety. "Which assessment finding validates that this outcome is met?

Patient reports sleeping better and increased interest in activities

The nurse is providing education to a patient who has been prescribed bupropion (Wellbutrin) for smoking cessation. Which statement by the patient would indicate the need for further teaching?

"If I have the urge to smoke, I will take more medication,"

A patient asks the nurse how amlodipine (Norvasc) works to reduce blood pressure. Which response does the nurse provide?

"It causes blood vessel dilation"

Which instruction by the nurse will be included when teaching an adult patient about digoxin (Lanoxin) for management of heart failure?

"Report nausea and vomiting to your health care provider."

A patient with a history of type 1 diabetes after myocardial infarction has been placed on a beta-adrenergic blocking agent. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

"This medication lowers my blood pressure by helping me get rid of fluid."

The clinic nurse is assessing a patient being seen or a severe allergic reaction to environmental allergens. Which symptom should the nurse prioritize as the most important?

Dyspnea

Which action of ACE inhibitors results in effective treatment of heart failure?

Increased cardiac output

Which sign(s) and symptom(s) is/are consistent with dehydration?

Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit Mental confusion and excessive thirst Nonelastic skin turgor and delayed capillary filling

The nurse instructs the patient to avoid the sudden discontinuation of beta=adrenergic blockers so as to avoid which symptom?

Increases angina

The nurse is transcribing new orders written for a patient with a substance abuse history. Choose the medication ordered that has the greatest risk for abuse

Lortab

What is an advantage of using benzodiazepines as an adjunctive treatment for nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy?

Lubricant laxative

Which medication is used in the treatment of gastric reflux esophagitis and diabetic gastroparesis?

Metoclopramide

The nurse would expect to administer which drug when treating hyperemesis gravidarumm?

Metoclopramide (reglan)

To what does potency of an antipsychotic medication refer?

Milligram doses used for the medication

What adverse effects associated with levodopa therapy would support the nursing diagnosis risk for injury?

Orthostatic hypotension

What instruction is most important for the nurse to teach the patient who has recently been prescribed alprazolam (Xanax)?

Over-the-counter medications are safe to take while on this medication."

The nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. When assisting with the plan of care, which goal set by the patient will require revision?

Patient will discontinue insulin use within 1 year

What is the purpose for the nurse administering metoclopramide (Reglan) IV postoperatively?

Prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting

A patient on a high dosage of corticosteroids over a period of time may develop which type of psychiatric complication?

Psychotic behaviors

Which instruction by the nurse is accurate to include in a patient's care to manage metabolic syndrome?

Reduce stress

A patient using carbamide peroxide (Gly-Oxide) to treat multiple canker sores develops tissue irritation and black hairy tongue. The patient asks the nurse what can be done to soothe the pain The nurse will first encourage use of?

Saline rinses

Which sign(s) and/or symptom(s) of dehydration may occur as a result of a diuretic?

Skin remains peaked on turgor assessment Soft, sunken eyeballs

The nurse is teaching a patient about dietary implications while on warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Which salad is highest in vitamin K?

Spinach

Which medication is a potassium sparing diuretic?

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

A patient who has had a myocardial infarction is advised to avoid straining with defecation. Which medication would be prescribed to this patient?

Stool softeners

A patient is receiving morphine for pain control. What will the nurse emphasize about preventing constipation?

Stool softeners are taken on a regular basis during opioid use

Which patient would be a candidate of radioactive iodine therapy?

A 46-year-old man with heart disease and thyroid cancer

Which drug is used to obtain vasodilation in the treatment of chronic heart failure?

ACE inhibitors

The nurse is administering Lomotil, a Schedule V drug. Which statement is true about this drug's classification?

Abuse potential for this drug is low

Which condition will require mineralocorticoid replacement?

Addison's disease

What instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient about the administration of translingual nitroglycerin spray?

Administer the medication under the tongue

Which action(s) will the nurse take when caring for a patient with heart failure?

Assess electrolyte levels Report daily weight fluctuations Maintain skin hygiene

The nurse is teaching a patient with a history of COPD to self-administer tiotropium (Spiriva) by dry powder inhalation. Which information provided by the nurse is accurate?

Avoid breathing into the mouthpiece

Which is the laxative of choice for an older patient who is in the end stage of Alzheimer's disease and requires a daily laxative?

Bulk forming

A patient has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and will begin daily oral corticosteroid treatment. Which baseline assessment(s) would be important for a patient receiving corticosteroids?

Baseline weight Blood pressure Electrolyte studies Hydration status

The nurse is teaching a patient about nitroglycerin prior to discharge to home. Which instruction will the nurse provide the patient?

Carry the medication with you at all times."

Why are statins, or HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, administered at bedtime?

Cholesterol production is at its peak.

Which clinical manifestation(s) would the nurse assess in a patient with hypothyroidism?

Cold intolerance, weight gain Increased susceptibility to infection Hypoactive reflexes

A patient on anticonvulsant therapy confides to the nurse at the outpatient clinic that she suspects she may be pregnant. The nurse should encourage the patient to take which action(s)?

Consult an obstetrician Carry an identification card Provide a list of seizure medications

Which medication may be given to patients with seasonal rhinitis who do not respond to antihistamines and sympathomimetics?

Corticosteroids

An adult patient is admitted for an asthma attack. Which assessment obtained by the nurse would support that albuterol (Proventil) was effective?

Decrease in wheezing present on auscultation

The nurse monitors a patient receiving digoxin closely for toxicity when which other medication is prescribed?

Furosemide (Lasix)

Which are common signs and symptoms of dehydration?

Furrowed tongue Decreased intake and output levels Mental confusion

Which is a common expectorant in over-the-counter medications?

Guaifenesin

A patient has been recently prescribed cilostazol (Pletal). Which statement by the patient indicates that this medication is effective?

I have less leg cramping when I walk."

The nurse is teaching a patient about nitroglycerin ointment. Which is an advantage of this form of medication?

It provides relief of anginal pain for several hours longer than sublingual medication

Which is true regarding psychological drug dependence?

It requires medical intervention to treat.

A patient going on vacation asks the nurse what she can give to her 3-year-old child who becomes car sick. Which response(s) would be accurate?

Positioning techniques such as placing the child facing forward and blocking out scenery through the side windows can be helpful." "I would check with the pharmacist regarding over-the-counter products available for young children."

Which statement is true regarding over-the-counter (OTC) drugs?

They are sold without a prescription

Which agents are preferred for the initial treatment of hypertension?

Thiazide diuretics and beta-adrenergic blockers

For which condition may carbamazepine (Tegretol) be used?

Trigeminal neuralgia pain

Where will the nurse administer a medication that was ordered to be given sublingually?

Under the tongue

The nurse is educating a patient with diabetes mellitus regarding urine testing for ketones. Information provided will include that ketone testing should be done

When illness occurs During pregnancy When blood glucose is above usual range

An older adult patient is to receive atenolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent. Prior to administration of the drug, the nurse assesses an apical pulse rate of 58 and notes ankle edema. Which action will the nurse take first?

Withhold the medication

Prior to administration of a beta-adrenergic blocker, the nurse notes the patient to have a heart rate of 52 beats/min, peripheral edema, crackles in the bases of the lungs, and mottled skin. Which is the priority nursing action?

Withhold the medication and notify the healthcare provider

When is the best time to administer Lispro?

Within 10 to 15 minutes of eating

A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which was previously controlled with an oral antidiabetic agent, is hospitalized for treatment of a leg ulcer. The health care provider has ordered sliding scale insulin coverage with regular insulin for hypoglycemia. The nurse brings the injection into the room, and the patient becomes upset; stating "I don't want to start taking that drug! I'll need it the rest of my life." What is the nurse's best response?

Your body is under stress right now, which raises your blood glucose level. This does not mean you will be on this drug permanently. Once you're feeling better, your provider will determine if your oral medication is all you will need."

What is albuterol (Proventil) used to treat?

acute bronchospasm

A 2-year-old child is hospitalized with the diagnosis of tonsillitis and bilateral Otis media. The nurse is preparing to administer eardrops. When instilling the eardrops, the nurse will pull the earlobe

downward and back

The nurse is providing instruction about ipratropium (Atrovent) to a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which is a common adverse effect that tends to resolve with therapy?

dry mouth

Patients with compromised immune systems often develop thrush, an example of what type of infection?

fungal

What is the most critical approach to the treatment of metabolic syndrome?

lifestyle management

Which condition would indicate to the nurse that a patient has phenytoin (Dilantin) toxicity?

nystagmus

Which symptom is indicative of bleeding in a patient taking warfarin (Coumadin)?

petechiae

A trauma patient arrives in the emergency department via EMS. He is bleeding profusely. A medical alert bracelet indicates that he is on heparin therapy. The nurse will most likely administer which medication that counteracts the action of heparin?

protamine sulfate

The nurse is mucous assisting with care of a patient on chemotherapy with severe mucositis. The patient reports membrane pain level to be "8" on the pain scale. The priority nursing diagnosis for this patient is

Pain

A male patient becomes verbally aggressive and insists the nurse is poisoning him as she attempts to administer haloperidol (Haldol). Which action will the nurse take?

Firmly redirect the patient to take the medication

Which instruction by the nurse is most important when educating a patient about using viscous lidocaine (Xylocaine) for mucositis?

After using, wait for 30 minutes before eating"

Which instruction by the nurse is most important when educating a patient about using viscous lidocaine (Xylocaine) for mucositis?

After using, wait for 30 minutes before eating."

age-related change would affect transdermal drug absorption in geriatric patients the most?

Altered circulatory status

A patient with type 1 diabetes was prescribed a glucocorticoid for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which will the nurse expect in the treatment plan?

An increase in the insulin needed

A patient with metastatic cancer is being admitted for pain control. Which action will the nurse perform in administering a transdermal patch?

Label the patch with date, time, dosage, and initials after patch placement

The nurse is providing instruction to a patient recently prescribed a radioactive iodine isotope. Which is the correct action of this medication?

Destroys hyperactive thyroid tissue

Which premedication assessment by the nurse is most important prior to the initiation of carbamazepine (Tegretol) therapy?

Determine patient's ancestry.

Which symptom is the patient with a lactase deficiency most likely to exhibit?

Diarrhea

Which nursing diagnosis may be identified for a patient with hyperthyroidism?

Disturbed sleep pattern

Which nursing intervention(s) would be accurate when administering heparin subcutaneously?

Documenting ecchymotic areas Monitoring of vital signs

The nurse has completed teaching to a patient recently prescribed cilostazol (Pletal). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

Grapefruit juice will increase the effects of this medication."

What are functions of glucocorticoids?

Have anti-inflammatory activities Regulate protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism Include aldosterone

Which are included in the baseline assessment of PVD?

History of heart disease Smoking and dietary habits Current medications Weight Limb pain

Where does the nurse correctly administer ophthalmic medication?

In the lower conjunctival sac

A patient who is started on phenytoin (Dilantin), who is also taking amiodarone (Cordarone), should be assessed for what possible effect?

Increase in serum phenytoin levels

Which is an accurate nursing action when administering subcutaneous enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin drug?

Leave the needle in place for 10 seconds after injection

Which medication is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism?

Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

When teaching a patient who is taking thiazide diuretics, the nurse will encourage the patient to increase the intake of which electrolyte?

Potassium

Which foods will the nurse recommend for a patient taking loop diuretics?

Potassium-rich foods such as raisins, figs, and bananas

What is the drug of choice when treating a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?

Valproic acid (Depakene)

Which action(s) will the nurse perform when preparing to administer a topical medication?

Wash hands before and after administration Wear gloves during the application process

A patient recently completed radiation treatment for throat cancer and presents to the health care provider's office with symptoms indicating possible hypothyroidism. Which symptom(s) would most likely be exhibited and/or reported?

Weight gain Lethargy Cold intolerance

When assisting with the care of a patient with hyperthyroidism, the nurse will

provide a cool environment

When displayed by a patient, which symptom would be most indicative to the nurse to withhold a recently prescribed beta-adrenergic blocker?

wheezing