Pharm Week 11

A patient who recently began taking antidepressants reports insomnia. Which information should the nurse provide to the patient to help address the insomnia? A. "Take the last dose of the medication before 4 p.m." B. "Take a dose of acetaminophen at bedtime." C. "Drink a glass of wine before bedtime." D. "Listen to soothing music at bedtime."

A. "Take the last dose of the medication before 4 p.m."

A patient asks why is it necessary to be in bed after taking zolpidem. Which explanation should the nurse provide? A. "The medication has a quick onset and can cause dizziness." B. "The medication is absorbed better if you lie down." C. "The medication causes heartburn if you don't lie down." D. "The medication might cause muscle weakness, and it's better if you lie down."

A. "The medication has a quick onset and can cause dizziness."

A patient prescribed the sedative-hypnotic drug zolpidem for insomnia asks how the medication will work. Which response should the nurse make? A. "The medication will cause you to become drowsy and sleep." B. "The medication will work slowly, but last through the night." C. "The medication will relax your muscles, helping you to sleep." D. "The medication will ease your depression and anxiety."

A. "The medication will cause you to become drowsy and sleep."

The nurse is teaching a group of parents of preschool-age children about the signs and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which information about children with ADHD should the nurse include in the presentation? A. "They have impulsive behavior and distractibility." B. "They are very organized with activities." C. "They have patience and are able to take turns." D. "They are at increased risk for head injuries."

A. "They have impulsive behavior and distractibility."

A patient is experiencing psychosis. Which information should the nurse use to differentiate acute from chronic psychosis? A. Acute psychosis develops over hours or days, whereas chronic psychosis develops over months or years. B. Acute psychosis is associated with delusions and hallucinations, whereas chronic psychosis is associated with lack of insight and mood. C. Acute psychosis develops over 24-48 hours, whereas chronic psychosis develops over 2-4 weeks. D. Acute psychosis is associated with extreme agitation, whereas chronic psychosis is associated with total inactivity.

A. Acute psychosis develops over hours or days, whereas chronic psychosis develops over months or years.

The nurse administers chlordiazepoxide (Librium) to a patient. For which common adverse effect should the nurse assess this patient? A. Lethargy B. Hypertension C. Nausea D. Thirst

A. Lethargy

A patient is prescribed risperidone (Risperdal). Which additional drug should the nurse expect to be prescribed for the patient to experience the full effects of the medication? A. Lithium B. Haloperidol C. Chlorpromazine D. Phenytoin

A. Lithium

A patient is observed losing all muscle control and falling to the floor. Which type of seizure should the nurse recognize this to be? A. Tonic-clonic B. Simple partial C. Atonic D. Absence

C. Atonic

An older male patient is taking atomoxetine (Strattera) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). For which adverse effect should the nurse monitor this patient? A. Seizure activity B. Visual changes C. Skin sensitivity to sun D. Urinary retention

D. Urinary retention

A patient is diagnosed with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Which type of medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed? A. Dibenzazepine B. Succinimide C. Barbiturate D. Valproic acid

D. Valproic acid

The parents of a school-age child suspect that their child may have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which question should the nurse ask to obtain more information and support a diagnosis? A. "Does your child frequently get in trouble at school for behavior problems?" B. "Has your child been overly quiet?" C. "Does your child have friends who are bad influences?" D. "Are there times when your child refuses to eat certain foods?"

A. "Does your child frequently get in trouble at school for behavior problems?"

A patient requests a prescription for a sleeping medication. Which follow-up question should the nurse ask? A. "Have you ever abused or been dependent on alcohol, prescription medications, or street drugs?" B. "Are you pregnant or nursing a baby?" C. "Are you allergic to diazepam, Valium?" D. "Are you taking black cohosh?"

A. "Have you ever abused or been dependent on alcohol, prescription medications, or street drugs?"

The nurse teaches a patient about benzodiazepines. Which patient statement should indicate that the teaching was effective? A. "I'll change positions slowly." B. "I'm glad I can still drive my car." C. "I can still have my nightly glass of wine with dinner." D. "I'll keep the medication at my bedside in case I need to take it during the night."

A. "I'll change positions slowly"

The nurse is teaching a patient about strategies to monitor the effectiveness of a prescribed antiepileptic drug (AED). Which information should the nurse include? A. "Keep a diary of pertinent information regarding type, length, and frequency of seizure activity." B. "If you miss a dose, you should take an extra dose to maintain therapeutic levels." C. "It is fine to take any over-the-counter pain relievers if you need them." D. "Do not worry about any laboratory values. Your medication does not require it."

A. "Keep a diary of pertinent information regarding type, length, and frequency of seizure activity."

The nurse is teaching the family and an adolescent patient with major depression about sertraline (Zoloft). Which statement by a family member should indicate the need for further teaching? A. "Once the drug takes effect, the suicidal thoughts will be under control. That will be such a relief." B. "If our child starts any new medications, we will notify our healthcare provider." C. "We should monitor our child closely for changes in mood or thoughts of harming himself." D. "The medication can be taken during meals to prevent an upset stomach."

A. "Once the drug takes effect, the suicidal thoughts will be under control. That will be such a relief." upset stomach."

A patient taking antipsychotic medication asks when the medication can be discontinued. Which response should the nurse make? A. "The medication will be needed throughout your life." B. "There are times when you will not need the medication and other times when you will need it." C. "The medication can be discontinued if you have no symptoms for a year." D. "The medication can be discontinued after a few months."

A. "The medication will be needed throughout your life".

A patient being treated after a suicide attempt is reported as going on spending sprees, skipping meals, and not sleeping for days. Which health problem should the nurse suspect this patient is experiencing? A. Bipolar disorder B. Manic disorder C. Major depressive disorder D. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

A. Bipolar disorder

A patient is diagnosed with status epilepticus. Which should the nurse expect to assess in this patient? A. Continuous seizure activity B. A high fever C. Seizures that are hard to notice D. Facial twitching

A. Continuous seizure activity

The nurse is assessing a patient taking a benzodiazepine for seizure activity. For which finding should the nurse immediately contact the healthcare provider? A. Eye pain B. Lethargy C. Drowsiness D. Ataxia

A. Eye pain

A patient is suspected as having overdosed on a benzodiazepine. Which medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed to treat this patient? A. Flumazenil (Romazicon) B. Valproic acid (Depakote) C. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) D. Protamine sulfate (Protamine)

A. Flumazenil (Romazicon)

A patient is prescribed a benzodiazepine sedative for anxiety. Which adverse effect should be reported to the healthcare provider? A. Hallucinations B. Drowsiness C. Lethargy D. Ataxia

A. Hallucinations

A patient with a family history of schizophrenia is disheveled, constantly pacing, and accuses the nurse of being a spy. Which positive symptom should the nurse recognize in this patient? A. Hallucinations B. Lack of interest C. Lack of motivation D. Inability to find pleasure in daily activities

A. Hallucinations

The nurse is assessing a school-age patient who is taking a barbiturate for seizure activity. Which adverse effect should the nurse teach the parents to report? A. Hyperactivity B. Tachycardia C. Hypertension D. Constipation

A. Hyperactivity

The nurse is asked to explain the use of phenytoin (Dilantin) to treat seizures. Which information should the nurse include to explain the mechanism of action? A. It suppresses seizure activity by delaying the influx of sodium. B. It depresses the motor cortex by inhibiting the influx of calcium. C. It enhances the action of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), which inhibits abnormal neuronal discharges. D. It increases the amount of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), which suppresses abnormal neuron discharges.

A. It suppresses seizure activity by delaying the influx of sodium.

A patient is diagnosed with atonic seizures. For which manifestation should the nurse assess this patient? A. Loss of muscle control and randomly falling B. Seizures lasting more than 30 minutes C. Sudden bending forward D. Repetitive movements

A. Loss of muscle control and randomly falling

A patient is prescribed a barbiturate to control seizure activity. For which medication should the nurse prepare teaching for this patient? A. Phenobarbital B. Clonazepam C. Diazepam D. Gabapentin

A. Phenobarbital

A patient with psychosis has stopped taking medication. Which should the nurse consider as a reason for this patient's nonadherence to medication therapy? A. Undesirable adverse effects B. Inability to drink alcohol C. Hallucinations telling the patient to stop taking the medication D. Paranoia that the medication is poisonous

A. Undesirable adverse effects

A child who plays soccer is starting methylphenidate for treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which information should the nurse include when teaching the parents about this medication? A. Use of sunscreen and protective clothing B. Use of drug holidays with activities C. Prescription renewal instructions D. Importance of 6-7 hours sleep per night

A. Use of sunscreen and protective clothing

A patient has been taking a stimulant medication for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for 1 month. For which finding should the nurse contact the healthcare provider? A. Weight loss of 6 pounds B. Heart rate 78 beats/min C. Blood pressure 110/76 mmHg D. Temperature 97.8°F

A. Weight loss of 6 pounds

A patient is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin) for complex partial seizures. Which patient statement should indicate that teaching about this medication was effective? A. "I will take with milk to avoid gastrointestinal upset." B. "I will take my medication at the same time every day." C. "If I miss a dose, it is OK to take an extra dose." D. "I can take my digoxin at the same time as my phenytoin."

B. "I will take my medication at the same time every day."

The nurse teaches a patient about self-administration of a hypnotic. Which patient statement should indicate that teaching was effective? A. "I can crush an extended-release tablets." B. "I won't take the sublingual medication with water." C. "I can take an extra dose if I don't fall asleep within 30 minutes." D. "I should take it with my bedtime snack."

B. "I won't take the sublingual medication with water."

A child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prescribed methylphenidate Which information should the nurse emphasize with the parents? A. "A sustained-release dose lasts for 2 hours." B. "Plan for periodic drug-free holidays." C. "This medication takes effect immediately." D. "Give another dose if behavior does not improve."

B. "Plan for periodic drug-free holidays."

The parent of a 7-year-old patient asks how to determine if the child has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which response should the nurse make? A. "A child is not diagnosed until they are older, due to possible immaturity." B. "Symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity must be present to be diagnosed with ADHD." C. "You seem concerned about your child. Which symptoms are you noticing?" D. "Do you have any family members with a history of ADHD?"

B. "Symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity must be present to be diagnosed with ADHD."

A patient prescribed an antipsychotic asks how long until the medication takes effect. Which answer should the nurse provide? A. "The full effects will occur immediately." B. "The full effects may not occur immediately but some improvement may be noticed." C. "The full effects will not occur for months." D. "The full effects are based upon the type and amount of food you eat."

B. "The full effects may not occur immediately but some improvement may be noticed."

A patient taking a benzodiazepine for the first time asks why driving is prohibited. Which response should the nurse provide? A. "The medication can cause deafness." B. "The medication can decrease alertness." C. "The medication can cause difficulty breathing." D. "The medication can cause extreme anxiety."

B. "The medication can decrease alertness."

An adolescent is prescribed the antidepressant sertraline (Zoloft) to treat major depression after a failed suicide attempt. Which information should the nurse include when teaching about this medication? A. "Monitor vital signs, especially pulse and blood pressure." B. "Watch for and immediately report any suicidal thoughts." C. "Stop taking the medication if no benefits are noted after 3 weeks of therapy." D. "Contact your healthcare provider immediately if urinary retention or constipation occurs."

B. "Watch for and immediately report any suicidal thoughts."

A patient who has been taking an antiepileptic drug (AED) for several years wants to stop taking the medication. Which response should the nurse provide? A. "Your medication can be stopped because you have been seizure free for a year." B. "Your medication must be withdrawn slowly over a period of 6 to 12 weeks." C. "Your medication can be withdrawn over a 4-week period." D. "Your medication cannot be discontinued. Once you start an antiepileptic medication, you will be on it for the rest of your life."

B. "Your medication must be withdrawn slowly over a period of 6 to 12 weeks."

A patient being treated for psychosis develops blurred vision. Which should the nurse suspect is causing the patient's new symptom? A. An extrapyramidal symptom B. Adverse anticholinergic effect from the medication C. Development of neuroleptic malignant syndrome D. Beginning stage of tardive dyskinesia

B. Adverse anticholinergic effect from the medication

A patient with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) requests medication that isn't addictive. Which medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed for this patient? A. Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) B. Buspirone C. Clorazepate (Tranxene) D. Diazepam (Valium)

B. Buspirone

A child is newly diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which type of medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed as a first-line treatment? A. Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor B. CNS stimulant C. Tricyclic antidepressant D. Alpha2-adrenergic agonist

B. CNS stimulant

An older patient is taking an antipsychotic medication for schizophrenia. Which important lifespan consideration should the nurse monitor in this patient? A. Alcohol intake B. Cardiovascular and respiratory function C. Medication routine D. Extrapyramidal symptoms

B. Cardiovascular and respiratory function

A patient with schizophrenia claims to be royalty whose subjects are planning an attack. Which characteristic of psychosis should the nurse recognize in this patient? A. Hallucinations B. Delusions C. Lack of insight and judgment D. Variation in mood and affect

B. Delusions

A patient is experiencing seizures due to alcohol withdrawal. Which benzodiazepine should the nurse recognize as a possible treatment for this patient? A. Zonisamide (Zonegran) B. Diazepam (Valium) C. Tiagabine (Gabitril) D. Pregabalin (Lyrica)

B. Diazepam (Valium)

A patient with psychosis is adamant about not having anything "wrong" and becomes agitated. For which other symptom of psychosis should the nurse monitor? A. Hyperactivity B. Difficulty relating to others C. Intense interest D. Laughter

B. Difficulty relating to others

A patient is prescribed phenelzine (Nardil) for major depression. Which food should the nurse instruct a patient to avoid? A. Peanuts and foods containing peanuts B. Foods containing tyramine C. Foods containing triticum D. Potatoes and foods containing potatoes

B. Foods containing tyramine

The school nurse notices that a 9-year-old child is frequently getting in trouble at school and interrupting the teacher. Which aspect of this behavior should indicate to the nurse that the patient has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? A. Inattention B. Impulsivity C. Depressed mood D. Insomnia

B. Impulsivity

A patient is taking valproic acid for a seizure disorder. Which disorder should the nurse expect this patient to have? A. Tonic-clonic seizures B. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome C. Febrile seizures D. Atonic seizures

B. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

A patient is prescribed trifluoperazine. Which effect should the nurse expect? A. Higher sedative effects B. Less sedation C. Adverse effects similar to phenothiazine D. Fewer anticholinergic effects

B. Less sedation

An older patient newly diagnosed with a seizure disorder is prescribed an antiepileptic drug (AED). Which laboratory test result should the nurse monitor while the patient is taking this medication? A. Urinalysis B. Liver and kidney function C. Prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR) D. Hemoglobin and hematocrit

B. Liver and kidney function

A patient reports feelings of persistent "sadness," lack of interest in interpersonal interactions, and the inability to get out of bed. Which mood disorder should the nurse suspect? A. Seasonal affective disorder B. Major depression C. Psychotic depression D. Schizophrenia

B. Major depression

A patient taking an antiepileptic drug (AED) learns of being pregnant. Which adverse effect should be a concern for the nurse? A. Placenta previa B. Neural tube defect in the fetus C. Preterm labor D. Cephalopelvic disproportion

B. Neural tube defect in the fetus

A patient with a history of barbiturate use is scheduled for surgery. For which medication should the nurse anticipate the patient needing an adjustment in the prescribed dose? A. Antihypertensive B. Opioid C.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) D. Calcium channel blocker

B. Opioid

A patient is being treated for an anxiety disorder. For which reason should the nurse question a benzodiazepine for this patient? A. Patient has a history of panic attacks B. Patient has sleep apnea C. Patient takes NSAIDs for osteoarthritis D. Patient had a colon resection in the past

B. Patient has sleep apnea

A patient reports an intense fear of speaking in public. For which disorder should the nurse plan interventions for this patient? A. Agoraphobia B. Performance anxiety C. Post-traumatic stress disorder D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder

B. Performance anxiety

A patient is having repeated seizures without recovery periods. Which type of seizure disorder should the nurse suspect? A. Myoclonic seizures B. Status epilepticus C. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome D. Complex partial seizures

B. Status epilepticus

A patient is prescribed a first-general antipsychotic medication. For which adverse effect should the nurse monitor this patient? A. Suicidal ideation B. Symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease C. Depression D. Bizarre behavior

B. Symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease

A patient is prescribed an antipsychotic medication. Which teaching strategy should the nurse use with this patient? A. Provide as much detail as possible when explaining the actions of the drugs B. Utilize the time during administration of medications to reinforce teaching on drug use.. C. Ask the family to leave the room to ensure the patient's privacy. D. Avoid interrupting the patient during delusional periods.

B. Utilize the time during administration of medications to reinforce teaching on drug use.

A patient is experiencing agitation from severe dementia. Which medication should the nurse suspect may be prescribed for this patient? A. Lorazepam (Ativan) B. Valproic acid (Depakene) C. Diazepam (Valium) D. Phenytoin (Dilantin)

B. Valproic acid (Depakene)

A patient taking an antipsychotic medication reports a dry mouth despite increasing fluids, eating ice chips and popsicles, and chewing gum. Which should the nurse suggest to this patient? A. "Eat more fruits and vegetables." B. "Add an electrolyte-enhanced drink daily." C. "Avoid alcohol-based mouthwashes." D. "Increase dietary intake."

C. "Avoid alcohol-based mouthwashes."

A patient asks why a benzodiazepine was prescribed for anxiety instead of a barbiturate. Which response should the nurse provide? A. "Barbiturates are more widely available than other medications." B. "Barbiturates do not cause addiction." C. "Barbiturates can have significant adverse effects." D. "Barbiturates are not as likely to cause overdose symptoms."

C. "Barbiturates can have significant adverse effects."

The nurse teaches a patient about a prescribed antiepileptic drug. Which patient statement indicates the need for additional teaching? A. "I should take my medication at the same time every day." B. "If it causes my stomach to be upset, I can take my medication with food." C. "If I miss a dose, I can take a double dose the next time." D. "I should report any adverse effects I am experiencing to my healthcare provider."

C. "If I miss a dose, I can take a double dose the next time."

A patient taking venlafaxine (Effexor) for major depression reports continued nausea after several weeks of therapy. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? A> "Let's see how your nausea is at your next visit. Tolerance to this adverse effect often develops over time." B. "Skipping a few doses will help relieve the nausea." C. "It sounds like you are having an adverse effect. I will let your healthcare provider know you are experiencing nausea." D. "Let's switch your medication and see if that improves your nausea."

C. "It sounds like you are having an adverse effect. I will let your healthcare provider know you are experiencing nausea."

A child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prescribed a non-CNS stimulant medication. Which information should the nurse provide to the parents to minimize adverse effects of this medication? A. "Change positions slowly." B. "Monitor pulse daily." C. "Provide water or hard candy." D. "Measure weight weekly."

C. "Provide water or hard candy."

A patient is taking an antidepressant. Which should the nurse teach to reduce the risk of injury when taking this medication? A. "Drink plenty of water each day." B. "Eat a diet high in sodium." C. "Slowly rise from lying or sitting to standing." D. "Sleep with your feet elevated."

C. "Slowly rise from lying or sitting to standing."

The parent of a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is concerned about using stimulants that are controlled substances to manage the disorder. Which information should the nurse provide? A. "Stimulants have been found to be the most successful in treatment." B. "The additive effects of stimulants provide all-day management of ADHD." C. "There are nonstimulant drugs available to manage the disease." D. "Stimulants have very few adverse effects, which can be managed with other medications."

C. "There are nonstimulant drugs available to manage the disease."

A patient with schizophrenia asks how to prevent a relapse and further hospitalization. Which explanation should the nurse provide to the patient? A. "Ignore adverse effects, because bringing them to the attention of the healthcare provider will require you to be rehospitalized." B. "Take naps frequently because it will help with the hallucinations that cause relapse." C. "With your family's support and adherence to medication therapy, you are less likely to have a relapse and you will be more successful in recovery." D. "Increase the dose of your medication if you notice your symptoms getting worse."

C. "With your family's support and adherence to medication therapy, you are less likely to have a relapse and you will be more successful in recovery."

The nurse prepares to administer a maintenance dose of lithium (Eskalith). For which serum level should the nurse withhold giving the next dose of medication? A. 0.8 mEq/L B. 0.4 mEq/L C. 1.6 mEq/L D. 1.0 mEq/L

C. 1.6 mEq/L

A patient with a known allergy to benzodiazepines is prescribed medication for acute anxiety. Which prescription should the nurse immediately question? A. Ramelteon (Rozerem) B. Zaleplon (Sonata) C. Alprazolam (Xanax) D. Zolpidem (Ambien)

C. Alprazolam (Xanax)

A patient is prescribed haloperidol (Haldol). Which outcome should the nurse expect from this medication? A. Reduction in symptoms of schizophrenia B. Improved appetite C. Control of aggressive behavior D. Minimal sedation

C. Control of aggressive behavior

A patient is diagnosed with narcolepsy. Which therapeutic effect should the nurse expect when medication to treat this disorder is provided? A. Decreased anxiety B. Decreased headache C. Decreased sleepiness D. Decreased nausea

C. Decreased sleepiness

A pregnant patient with no history of epilepsy or a seizure disorder is treated after having a seizure. For which health problem should the nurse assess this patient? A. Brain tumor B. Meningitis C. Eclampsia D. Hypoxia

C. Eclampsia

A patient with insomnia is prescribed zolpidem (Ambien). Which action should the nurse take when providing this medication to the patient? A. Provide the patient with a bedtime snack. B. Allow the patient to supplement the zolpidem (Ambien) with valerian. C. Ensure that the patient is ready to lie down and go to sleep. D. Allow the patient to supplement the zolpidem (Ambien) with melatonin.

C. Ensure that the patient is ready to lie down and go to sleep.

A patient is diagnosed with postherpetic neuralgia. Which antiepileptic drug (AED) should the nurse anticipate being prescribed for this patient? A. Phenytoin (Dilantin) B. Carbamazepine (Tegretol) C. Gabapentin (Neurontin) D. Valproic acid

C. Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A patient is prescribed buspirone. Which health problem should the nurse suspect this medication is being used to treat? A. Hypertension B. Narcolepsy C. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) D. Delirium

C. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

The nurse is planning the care for a patient newly diagnosed with psychosis. Which information regarding the therapeutic effect of medications should the nurse consider while planning interventions? A. Falls due to hypotension may occur with increased medication doses. B. Severe choreiform tongue movement may significantly hinder or prevent adequate nutrition. C. Gradual improvement over several weeks to months should be expected. D. Extrapyramidal symptoms affecting motor activity, balance, and coordination should be monitored.

C. Gradual improvement over several weeks to months should be expected.

A patient receiving lithium (Lithobid) for maintenance has a blood level of 1.6 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse take? A. Administer the next dose of lithium. B. Repeat the lithium level. C. Hold the next dose of lithium. D. Administer a reduced dose of lithium.

C. Hold the next dose of lithium.

A patient is prescribed estazolam as treatment for insomnia. Which should the nurse instruct as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Hallucinations B. Muscle cramps C. Impaired memory D. Hypersalivation

C. Impaired memory

A patient has been taking zolpidem (Ambien) for three days. Which result should indicate to the nurse that the medication has been effective? A. Easing of alcohol withdrawal symptoms B. Fewer seizure C. Improved duration and quality of sleeps D. Increased muscle relaxation

C. Improved duration and quality of sleep

A patient reports attending yoga classes and meditating every day. Which health problem should the nurse expect to be improved in this patient? A. Hypotension B. Hypoglycemia C. Insomnia D. Arthritis

C. Insomnia

The nurse is preparing discharge information for a patient hospitalized for psychosis. On which primary treatment goal should the nurse focus during planning? A. Reducing adverse effects B. Managing behavior C. Managing symptoms D. Preventing readmission

C. Managing symptoms

A patient is prescribed carbamazepine (Tegretol). For which type of seizure should the nurse monitor this patient? A. Absence seizures B. Status epilepticus C. Mixed seizure patterns D. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

C. Mixed seizure patterns

A patient is experiencing depression after an episode of distorted perception, delusions, and hallucinations. Which disorder should the nurse suspect? A. Bipolar disorder B. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder C. Schizoaffective disorder D. Mood disorder

C. Schizoaffective disorder

The nurse notes that a patient is prescribed phenobarbital. Which health problem should the nurse expect to be documented in the patient's medical record? A. Schizophrenia B. Depression C. Seizure disorder D. Bipolar disorder

C. Seizure disorder

The nurse is preparing a presentation on seizure disorders. Which information should the nurse include? A. The term epilepsy is used to describe any seizure activity. B. Tonic-clonic seizures last a few seconds. C. Seizures are caused by abnormal or uncontrolled neuronal discharges. D. Partial seizures have no aura.

C. Seizures are caused by abnormal or uncontrolled neuronal discharges.

A patient is taking ethosuximide (Zarontin) for absence seizures. Which adverse effect should the nurse instruct the patient to report while taking this medication? A. Hypertension B. Diplopia C. Suicidal ideation D. Heart block

C. Suicidal ideation

A patient is prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). Which should the nurse emphasize with the patient about this medication? A. The dosage must be adjusted frequently to avoid tolerance. B. The efficacy of TCA therapy is unpredictable. C. Therapy with TCAs cannot be stopped abruptly. D. Patients should be monitored closely for hypertension.

C. Therapy with TCAs cannot be stopped abruptly.

A patient is prescribed haloperidol (Haldol). For which reason should the nurse question giving the patient this medication? A. Heart disease B. Treatment for alcoholism C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) D. Rheumatoid arthritis

C. Treatment for alcoholism

A patient has a history of complex partial seizures and frequent migraines. Which medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed? A. Primidone (Mysoline) B. Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx) C. Valproic acid (Depacon, Depakene, Depakote) D. Ethosuximide (Zarontin)

C. Valproic acid (Depacon, Depakene, Depakote)

A patient taking an antidepressant 6 months ago experiences a relapse. Which question should the nurse ask regarding the prescribed medication? A. "Do you take your medication on an empty stomach?" B. "Are you still taking your St. John's wort?" C. "Have you been taking your medication as needed for depression symptoms?" D. "Are you still taking your antidepressant as prescribed?"

D. "Are you still taking your antidepressant as prescribed?"

A patient with major depression asks why questions about alcohol and drugs are asked during the assessment. Which response should the nurse make? A. "Drug and alcohol use can help alleviate symptoms of depression, so there is no need for medication." B. "Certain medications work better with drug and alcohol use." C. "If you use alcohol or drugs, we will arrange medication so you don't experience withdrawal symptoms." D. "Drug and alcohol use are often seen together with depression."

D. "Drug and alcohol use are often seen together with depression."

A patient recovering from an infection-induced seizure asks how a person "gets" epilepsy. Which response should the nurse make? A. "Epilepsy has one known specific cause." B. "Epilepsy occurs in individuals with hyperglycemia." C. "Epilepsy is caused by hypernatremia." D. "Epileptic seizures are often symptoms of an underlying disease."

D. "Epileptic seizures are often symptoms of an underlying disease."

A patient reports being diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which patient statement should validate the patient's health problem? A. "I can't stop thinking about the germs on my hands." B. "I have to switch the lights off three times every time I leave a room." C. "I count to 10 repeatedly during the day." D. "I have terrible flashbacks to when I was in the war."

D. "I have terrible flashbacks to when I was in the war".

A patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) reports taking medication as prescribed. Which patient statement should indicate that the medication is effective? A. "I'm experiencing fewer nightmares and flashbacks." B. "I've gained 5 pounds over the last 2 weeks." C. "I count to 10 repeatedly instead of washing my hands now." D. "I'm not performing as many repetitive actions as I was."

D. "I'm not performing as many repetitive actions as I was."

A patient prescribed haloperidol continues smoking even after multiple attempts at intervention. Which teaching should the nurse provide about the effects of smoking with this medication? A. "It causes an increased central nervous system depression effect." B. "It increases the severity of psychotic symptoms." C. "It increases the potential for severe weight gain." D. "It decreases medication metabolism, leading to decreased effectiveness."

D. "It decreases medication metabolism, leading to decreased effectiveness."

A patient reports continued depression as well as insomnia, dizziness, and headache ever since beginning aripiprazole (Abilify) 10 days ago. Which response should the nurse make to the patient? A. "It seems this medication may not be working for you; please contact your healthcare provider for a different medication." B. "You may need inpatient therapy, because the medication isn't working; let's discuss it with the clinic counselor." C. "Stop the medication for now, but make an appointment to see your healthcare provider as soon as possible." D. "Many medications do not take effect immediately; you should continue to take the medication as prescribed."

D. "Many medications do not take effect immediately; you should continue to take the medication as prescribed."

A child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has lost 6 pounds in 2 weeks. Which medication should the nurse expect to find on the child's chart? A. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) B. Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) C. Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) D. Amphetamine

D. Amphetamine

The nurse notes that an 8-year-old patient is taking a CNS stimulant. Which health problem should the nurse expect to see documented in this patient's medical record? A. Depression B. Pediatric hypertension C. Asthma D. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

D. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

The teacher of a school-age patient taking an antiepileptic drug (AED) reports hyperactive behavior in the classroom. Which class of medication should the nurse suspect this patient is taking? A. Benzodiazepine B. Succinimide C. Hydantoin D. Barbiturate

D. Barbiturate

A patient with schizophrenia is exhibiting increased psychotic symptoms despite optimal pharmacotherapy. For which contributing factor should the nurse assess this patient? A. Drinking excessive amounts of milk or ingesting too many dairy products B. Avoiding certain food items for fear of being poisoned C. Taking the herbal supplement jimsonweed D. Continuing to drink alcohol while taking the medication

D. Continuing to drink alcohol while taking the medication

A patient being treated for insomnia reports memory lapses. Which medication should the nurse suspect is causing this side effect? A. Alprazolam B. Clonazepam C. Chlordiazepoxide D. Estazolam

D. Estazolam

A patient taking an antipsychotic medication exhibits symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease. Which category of antipsychotic should the nurse suspect the patient is taking? A. Major tranquilizer B. Mild tranquilizer C. Atypical antipsychotic D. First-generation antipsychotic

D. First-generation antipsychotic

A patient taking an antipsychotic medication is attempting smoking cessation. Which medication should the nurse suspect the patient is prescribed? A. Chlorpromazine B. Risperidone C. Aripiprazole D. Haloperidol

D. Haloperidol

A patient is prescribed a benzodiazepine for anxiety. Which laboratory tests should the nurse anticipate being completed before administering the medication to the patient? A. Respiratory and cardiac function studies B. Coagulation and blood chemistry studies C. Hormone and gastric function studies D. Hepatic and renal function studies

D. Hepatic and renal function studies

A patient has a new onset of a seizure disorder. Which step should the nurse take first when assessing this patient? A. Monitor for seizure activity. B. Start antiepileptic drug therapy. C. Teach strict medication adherence. D. Identify the cause of the seizure.

D. Identify the cause of the seizure.

A patient is taking chlorpromazine, a first-generation antipsychotic medication, for schizophrenia. Which statement should the nurse recall that explains the mechanism of action for this medication? A. It blocks neurotransmission at the postganglionic receptors. B. It depresses action of the cerebral cortex. C. It binds dopamine receptors in the cerebellum. D. It blocks postsynaptic dopamine receptors.

D. It blocks postsynaptic dopamine receptors.

The parent of a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is concerned about the school administering the midday dose of methylphenidate 10 mg to be taken by mouth 3 times a day. Which response should the nurse make? A. "You should feel comfortable with the school nurse administering the daytime dose." B. "Just include the midday dose in your child's lunch box with a note to self-administer at noon." C. "You can bring the midday dose to school every day and give it to your child yourself." D. "Methylphenidate is available in a sustained-release form that can be prescribed."

D. Methylphenidate is available in a sustained-release form that can be prescribed."

The nurse is reviewing the parts of the brain and associated functions. Which situation should exemplify the relationship between the hippocampus and amygdala? A. Being startled in the dark triggers rapid heart rate and breathing. B. Awakening early and being unable to return to sleep causes daytime drowsiness. C. High levels of work stress contribute to depression D. Painful memories of a spouse's death cause worsening anxiety.

D. Painful memories of a spouse's death cause worsening anxiety.

A patient receives a prescription for lithium. With which medication should the nurse instruct the patient to take this drug? A. Haloperidol B. Chlorpromazine C. Phenytoin D. Risperidone

D. Risperidone

A patient is diagnosed with psychosis. Which should the nurse realize will be used to determine the best medication for treatment? A. Number of daily doses B. Cost for the medication C. Length of time the medication is needed D. Specific adverse effects

D. Specific adverse effects

A patient taking a hydantoin for seizure activity develops a red-purple skin rash with blisters that appears to look like sunburn. Which adverse effect should the nurse identify? A. Systemic lupus erythematosus B. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura C. Common rash D. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)

D. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)

A child is prescribed an amphetamine for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which adverse effect should the nurse emphasize as most common with this medication? A. Fevers B. Muscle twitching C. Jaundice D. Weight loss

D. Weight loss

A patient with anxiety has an elevated blood pressure, rapid respirations, and dilated pupils. Which brain region should the nurse suspect is causing these physiological changes? A. Hippocampus B. Reticular formation C. Cingulate gyrus D. Hypothalamus

D. hypothalmus