Philip II & Alexander the Great

Hellenistic

"like the Greeks"

Assimilation of Persian Culture

(Absorb into the Greek culture),Wearing Persian clothes, marrying Persian women, Persians into his Army, asked to be worshipped

Phalanx

16x16 hoplites, 2x length of spears

Time as a Hostage

3 yrs in Thebes as a youth, common practice for peace

Alexandria

70, Egyptian Alexandria most famous, trading & learning center

Greeks' Response to other Cultures

Barbarians

Accomplishments as General

Crushed Persian Empire, India, 22,000 miles, NEVER lost a battle

Demosthenes

Orator, Philip II's biggest critic, tried telling people not to listen, he gave many speeches warning the Athenians that Phillip was a threat to Greek freedom.

Hellenistic Period

Started w/Alexander the Great's conquests. time where Greek art and culture merge with influences from the Middle East; culture associated with the spread of Greek influence as a result of Macedonian conquests

Battle of Chaeronea

This is where Macedonia, under the rule of Phillip II, crushed the Greek allies. After this, Phillip II controlled most of Greece.

Alexander's Legacy

Trade grew, spread Macedonian and Greek rule, spread Greek traditions, economics, education, Greece weak after his death, 146BC Greece under Rome

Death of Alexander

age 33, fever or too much alcohol, 323BC

Lighthouse

ancient wonder, protected ships w/ firelight

Fate of Philip II

assassinated by his favorite wife

Hellenistic Philosophy

emphasis on philosophy. concerned with ethics, logic, and physics (essence of physical world). practical philosophy, unlike Plato.

Philip II

father of Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia, conquered/ united Greece under his rule. He was assassinated., Ruled Macedon from 359 to 336 BCE; founder of centralized kingdom; later conquered rest of Greece, which was subjected to Macedonian authority

Break Up of the Empire

fights broke out, Greece broke up into city-states, ANTIGONUS became king of Macedonia, Ptolemy of Egypt, Seleucus of Persian Empire

Macedonia

formally known as Yugoslavia

Conquest of Persia

freed Greek cities from Persian rule, battle of Granicus, defeated Persian army at Issus, Gaugamela, then rest of the Persian Empire, NEVER LOST A BATTLE

Library

largest collection of books, 500,000 scrolls

Alexander the Great

son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world

Aristotle

teacher and researcher

Philip's Destiny

to conquer Greece and unite it