PHS 111

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_________ tons of the Sun's mass is converted to energy each second

4.5 million

The age of the Sun is about ________________________.

5.5 billion years.

The percentage of the earths surface covered by ocean is about

70%

What is a tornado

A funnel shaped column of air rotating around a low pressure cord that reaches from a cumulonimbus cloud to the ground

And occluded front can occur when

A warm front and cold front merge

Surface currents

Are created by wind

What are comets

Are masses of water methane and ice dirty snowballs most located in the Kuiper belt

No greenhouse effect occurs on mercury because of no

Atmosphere

What four factors influence the weather

Atmospheric moisture temperature air pressure and arrangement of land and water features

Why are eclipses rare

Because the plane Of the earth sun and earth and moon are tipped by 5.2o

The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is

Carbon dioxide

Saturn's rings are composed of

Chunks of ice and rock

Hi clouds have the prefix

Cirro-

wispy cotton looking clouds

Cirrus

Warm air expands while

Cold air contracts

The solar system primarily consist of the sun system planets astroids and

Comets

There's a greatest movement a plasma in the

Convection zone

When an air mass passes from a maritime source region to a warmer continental region heating from the warmer land causes

Convectional lifting

10% of the suns volume consist of the

Core

What type of cloud is also called a thundercloud

Cumulonimbus

When the alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth produce a lunar eclipse, the body that is in between the other two is the _____________.

Earth

In saturated air the condensation evaporation rates are in

Equilibrium

The charging of a substance from a liquid into vapor or gas is called

Evaporation

Atmospheric pressure

Force the atmosphere exerts on a surface area

When an Hermas is pushed upward over an obstacle it undergoes

Geographic lifting

Deeper waters are driven not by wind but by

Gravity

A hurricane source of energy is

Heat released from condensing water

What is humidity

Humidity is the mass of water vapor in a given mass of air

What is unstable air

If rising air stays warmer than the surrounding air it will continue to rise instead of returning to its starting position

Where is Pluto located?

In the Kuiper belt

Which of the following is not an inner planet

Jupiter

Pluto is found within the

Kuiper belt

Pluto is found within the _________________.

Kuiper belt

What generally causes clouds to form

Lifting of air.

What planet is the closest to the sun

Mercury

The sun is the

Nearest star to earth composed of mostly hydrogen in the plasma phase

The predominant gas in the atmosphere of earth is

Nitrogen

Oceanic circulation

Ocean currents are streams of water that move relatively to the larger ocean

The inner planets are composed of high density rock right outer planets are composed

Of primarily gases

The blank extends farther than the Kuiper belt and contains trillions of objects

Oort cloud

The sun contains what percentage of the solar systems mass

Over 99%

the most well known Dwarf planet is

Pluto

The two most important upper atmosphere circulations

Polar jetstream and subtropical jet streams

What is the center of the disk

Protosun

The _________ depends on water vapor content and the temperatures of the air

Relative humidity

At the equator

Rising warm moist air creates a zone of lobe surface pressure

The weather symbol that is a solid black circle represents this type of sky cover

Sky Obscured

What are astroids?

Small rocky bodies that orbit the sun

These clouds appear sheet a big puffy white or gray clouds

Stratoscumulus

These low clouds are low doll and grayish and cover the entire sky

Stratus

Comets orbit about the

Sun

Comets orbit about the ________________.

Sun

The reason that the Moon takes on a crescent shape each month has to do with the ________________.

Sun's position.

What is dewpoint

Temperature at which saturation occurs

What is air pressure

The force exerted by the movement of air molecules into one another

What are hurricanes

The greatest storms on earth energy comes from light and heat released from condensing water vapor, winds up to 300km

What is atmospheric lifting

The lifting of air

Clouds that build into a towering masses are referred to as

Towering cumulus

Underlying driving force

Unequal heating of earths surface warm air rises less dense than colder air

The planet that is most tipped to its orbital plane is__________________.

Uranus

If enough evaporation occurs raindrops may disappear before they reach the ground this is called

Virga

Behind a warm front the air is

Warm and sunny

Birth of a thunderstorm occurs when

Warm humid air rises in an unstable environment

What is a temperature inversion

When upper regions of the atmosphere warmer than lower regions

Two types of currents

Wind driven and density driven

With daytime temperatures that can reach 430°C why is nighttime on mercury so cold

With very little atmosphere, heat is quickly lost back into space.

the consequences of a comets tail sweeping across the earth would be

a meteor shower

Air moves from

a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure

Dark nebula appear dark because they _______________.

are opaque.

Lightning occurs as water droplets in a cloud become electrically charged. Energy is positively charged _____________.

at the top of the cloud.

Warmer temperatures can be expected _______________.

behind an advancing warm front.

The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is____________.

carbon dioxide

Precipitation is produced by ______________________.

condensation of water vapor in the air to make clouds and cloud droplets that fall as liquid water or ice.

The changing of a vapor into a liquid is called ___________________.

condensation.

Which type of cloud is also called a thunderhead?

cumulonimbus

as air flows up the side of a mountain the air pressure

decreases

the rate of cooling for dry air is refered to as

dry adiabatic lapse rate

as an air parcel moves up the side of a mountain it

expands and cools

A cloud of interstellar gas is held together by

gravitational force

Whenever water evaporates,_________________.

heat is released.

Which type of weather is characterized by spiral storms with winds of up to 300 km/hour?

hurricanes

As air temperature decreases relative humidity

increases

In what region of the sun is solar energy generated

inner core

If one had the opportunity to walk on Triton, Neptune's largest moon, what would you observe the geysers to be spewing?

liquid nitrogen

The Earth rotates about its axis once per 24 hours, while the Moon rotates about its axis once per__________________.

month

an adiabatic process occurs when

no thermal energy enters or leaves the system

The temperature to which air must be cooled for saturation to occur is called ________________________.

precipitation.

When a funnel cloud touches the ground, it becomes a __________________.

tornado.

The number of moons in orbit around mars is

two

The fundamental source of energy released by a tropical hurricane comes from _____________________.

warm moist air.

warm air rises and cools as it expands. warm air will continue to rise as long as it is

warmer and less dense than the surrounding air

What is a solar eclipse

when the moon shadow falls on part of Earth


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