PHS 111
_________ tons of the Sun's mass is converted to energy each second
4.5 million
The age of the Sun is about ________________________.
5.5 billion years.
The percentage of the earths surface covered by ocean is about
70%
What is a tornado
A funnel shaped column of air rotating around a low pressure cord that reaches from a cumulonimbus cloud to the ground
And occluded front can occur when
A warm front and cold front merge
Surface currents
Are created by wind
What are comets
Are masses of water methane and ice dirty snowballs most located in the Kuiper belt
No greenhouse effect occurs on mercury because of no
Atmosphere
What four factors influence the weather
Atmospheric moisture temperature air pressure and arrangement of land and water features
Why are eclipses rare
Because the plane Of the earth sun and earth and moon are tipped by 5.2o
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is
Carbon dioxide
Saturn's rings are composed of
Chunks of ice and rock
Hi clouds have the prefix
Cirro-
wispy cotton looking clouds
Cirrus
Warm air expands while
Cold air contracts
The solar system primarily consist of the sun system planets astroids and
Comets
There's a greatest movement a plasma in the
Convection zone
When an air mass passes from a maritime source region to a warmer continental region heating from the warmer land causes
Convectional lifting
10% of the suns volume consist of the
Core
What type of cloud is also called a thundercloud
Cumulonimbus
When the alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth produce a lunar eclipse, the body that is in between the other two is the _____________.
Earth
In saturated air the condensation evaporation rates are in
Equilibrium
The charging of a substance from a liquid into vapor or gas is called
Evaporation
Atmospheric pressure
Force the atmosphere exerts on a surface area
When an Hermas is pushed upward over an obstacle it undergoes
Geographic lifting
Deeper waters are driven not by wind but by
Gravity
A hurricane source of energy is
Heat released from condensing water
What is humidity
Humidity is the mass of water vapor in a given mass of air
What is unstable air
If rising air stays warmer than the surrounding air it will continue to rise instead of returning to its starting position
Where is Pluto located?
In the Kuiper belt
Which of the following is not an inner planet
Jupiter
Pluto is found within the
Kuiper belt
Pluto is found within the _________________.
Kuiper belt
What generally causes clouds to form
Lifting of air.
What planet is the closest to the sun
Mercury
The sun is the
Nearest star to earth composed of mostly hydrogen in the plasma phase
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of earth is
Nitrogen
Oceanic circulation
Ocean currents are streams of water that move relatively to the larger ocean
The inner planets are composed of high density rock right outer planets are composed
Of primarily gases
The blank extends farther than the Kuiper belt and contains trillions of objects
Oort cloud
The sun contains what percentage of the solar systems mass
Over 99%
the most well known Dwarf planet is
Pluto
The two most important upper atmosphere circulations
Polar jetstream and subtropical jet streams
What is the center of the disk
Protosun
The _________ depends on water vapor content and the temperatures of the air
Relative humidity
At the equator
Rising warm moist air creates a zone of lobe surface pressure
The weather symbol that is a solid black circle represents this type of sky cover
Sky Obscured
What are astroids?
Small rocky bodies that orbit the sun
These clouds appear sheet a big puffy white or gray clouds
Stratoscumulus
These low clouds are low doll and grayish and cover the entire sky
Stratus
Comets orbit about the
Sun
Comets orbit about the ________________.
Sun
The reason that the Moon takes on a crescent shape each month has to do with the ________________.
Sun's position.
What is dewpoint
Temperature at which saturation occurs
What is air pressure
The force exerted by the movement of air molecules into one another
What are hurricanes
The greatest storms on earth energy comes from light and heat released from condensing water vapor, winds up to 300km
What is atmospheric lifting
The lifting of air
Clouds that build into a towering masses are referred to as
Towering cumulus
Underlying driving force
Unequal heating of earths surface warm air rises less dense than colder air
The planet that is most tipped to its orbital plane is__________________.
Uranus
If enough evaporation occurs raindrops may disappear before they reach the ground this is called
Virga
Behind a warm front the air is
Warm and sunny
Birth of a thunderstorm occurs when
Warm humid air rises in an unstable environment
What is a temperature inversion
When upper regions of the atmosphere warmer than lower regions
Two types of currents
Wind driven and density driven
With daytime temperatures that can reach 430°C why is nighttime on mercury so cold
With very little atmosphere, heat is quickly lost back into space.
the consequences of a comets tail sweeping across the earth would be
a meteor shower
Air moves from
a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure
Dark nebula appear dark because they _______________.
are opaque.
Lightning occurs as water droplets in a cloud become electrically charged. Energy is positively charged _____________.
at the top of the cloud.
Warmer temperatures can be expected _______________.
behind an advancing warm front.
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is____________.
carbon dioxide
Precipitation is produced by ______________________.
condensation of water vapor in the air to make clouds and cloud droplets that fall as liquid water or ice.
The changing of a vapor into a liquid is called ___________________.
condensation.
Which type of cloud is also called a thunderhead?
cumulonimbus
as air flows up the side of a mountain the air pressure
decreases
the rate of cooling for dry air is refered to as
dry adiabatic lapse rate
as an air parcel moves up the side of a mountain it
expands and cools
A cloud of interstellar gas is held together by
gravitational force
Whenever water evaporates,_________________.
heat is released.
Which type of weather is characterized by spiral storms with winds of up to 300 km/hour?
hurricanes
As air temperature decreases relative humidity
increases
In what region of the sun is solar energy generated
inner core
If one had the opportunity to walk on Triton, Neptune's largest moon, what would you observe the geysers to be spewing?
liquid nitrogen
The Earth rotates about its axis once per 24 hours, while the Moon rotates about its axis once per__________________.
month
an adiabatic process occurs when
no thermal energy enters or leaves the system
The temperature to which air must be cooled for saturation to occur is called ________________________.
precipitation.
When a funnel cloud touches the ground, it becomes a __________________.
tornado.
The number of moons in orbit around mars is
two
The fundamental source of energy released by a tropical hurricane comes from _____________________.
warm moist air.
warm air rises and cools as it expands. warm air will continue to rise as long as it is
warmer and less dense than the surrounding air
What is a solar eclipse
when the moon shadow falls on part of Earth
