Physical Science Chapter 7
Which is a dilute solution: (a) 5 g of salt dissolved in 50 g of water, (b) 50 g of salt dissolved in 50 g of water, or (c) 150 g of salt dissolved in 100 g of water?
(a) 5 g of salt dissolved in 50 g of water (p.263)
More gas can dissolve at lower or higher pressures?
At higher pressure (p.265)
What compounds produce hydroxide ions (OH⁻) ions when dissolved in water?
Bases (p.275)
How can you change a saturated solution into a supersaturated solution?
By heating the solution (p.267)
How do solutes lower the freezing point of water?
By making it harder for water molecules to form crystals (p.260)
What occurs when an acid and a base react?
Neutralization - salt and water are formed (p.278)
Why can Ammonia (NH₃) conduct electricity when it dissolves in water?
The solution of Ammonia contains ions therefore it can conduct electricity
What is the largest part of a solution?
The solvent - not the solute (p.256)
What least affects solubility?
Volume - NOT temperature or pressure (p.264)
What products form when a base reacts with an acid?
Water and salt (p.279)
What tastes bitter, feels slippery, and turns red litmus paper blue?
A base (p.271)
What is the pH scale? What is the pH of a base?
A measure of the concentration of Hydrogen ions, H+, pH of a base > 7 (p.276)
What is a colloid?
A mixture containing small, undissolved particles that do not settle out (p.258)
What is a suspension?
A mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated (p.258)
Which kind of a solution would have sugar settled on the bottom after one day?
A saturated solution (p.263)
What is a supersaturated solution?
A solution that contains more solute than predicted at a given temperature (p.267)
What is an indicator?
A substance that turns different colors in an acid or a base (p.270)
What are three properties of an acid?
Acids (1) taste sour, (2) reacts with metals & carbonates, (3) turn blue litmus paper red (p.268)
Does acid or base dissolve some metals?
Acids (p.269)
⁷
Acids which have a pH lower than neutral (p.277)
What does the equation: NH₃+ H₂O → NH₄+ + OH⁻ tell us regarding Ammonia (NH₃)?
Ammonia is a base because it produces hydroxide ions (p.275)
What forms hydrogen ions when dissolved in water?
An acid (p.274)
Would a cook use an acid when baking breads or cakes?
Yes, baking soda plus an acid causes the bread or cake to rise (p.273)
Can solubility be used to identify an unknown solution?
Yes, it is a characteristic property of matter (p.264)
