Plants people and you
HORT 1103 Plants, People & You is an intensive, scientific study of horticulture and students are expected to have a strong background in botany and chemistry when taking this course.
False
Which one of the following is not an environmental benefit of green roofs?
Creating habitat for underground animals
Green Roofs provide more environmental benefits than trees and they should take priority over planting trees.
False
Green roofs are an example of hard engineering.
False
Green roofs require little to no maintenance.
False
The Arkansas Darter, a fish discovered at Wilson Springs in 1979, needs dark, cave-like habitat.
False
Vegetables gardens do well in heavily shaded areas because they are shielded from the sun.
False
Which of the following is NOT a horticultural crop?
Soybeans
Bacterial wilt affected which species of the three sisters?
Squash
Broccoli and cabbage are in the same plant family.
True
Bumble bees are social insects.
True
Butter or other food containing fats can neutralize capsaicin in the mouth.
True
Capsaicin evolved as a protective mechanism to discourage mammals from eating fruit.
True
Climate can effect heat levels in chili peppers.
True
Early agriculturists were taller and healthier than hunter-gatherers.
True
Examples of community gardens include church gardens, neighborhood gardens, and parks.
True
Flowers provide both protein and carbohydrates for pollinators.
True
Garden seed sales increased by >270% during the pandemic.
True
Garden soil should not be used when growing plants in containers (pots) because the soil will likely stay too wet.
True
Green mulch is an effective strategy to reduce weeds and hold soil in place.
True
High-performance liquid chromatography directly measures capsaicin content in chili peppers.
True
In ecological gardening, always observe and correctly identify insect damage and insects to determine if it is a pest or an important part of an ecosystem.
True
Jennifer Ogle is the Collections Manager at the UARK Herbarium, as well as being a published author.
True
Liberty Gardens in WWl, and Victory or Freedom Gardens in WWll, enabled and encouraged the population of the US to participate in the war effort.
True
Native bees can be ground and cavity dwellers.
True
The original purpose of the Cherokee Nation Seed Bank was genetic preservation of plants, which also provided food to tribe members (aka cultural preservation).
True
Chili pepper and black pepper come from the same plant.
False
Examples of abiotic stress include insect pests, dieases, and nematodes.
False
Gardening has been proven to increase osteroporsis in postmenopausal women.
False
Wilson Springs is a restored wetland behind Sam's Club in Fayetteville.
True
In big box stores like Lowe's and Walmart, home gardening makes up $_____/year in retail value.
25 billion
______% of American households planted a new garden during the pandemic.
26
There will be a 10 point quiz given after each HORT 1103 class section. How many of your lowest quiz scores will be dropped when calculating your final grade?
4
Robotic strawberry pickers are projected to replace how many harvest laborers?
30
How many species of native bees are there in the US?
4000
The global human population is expected to reach _____ by 2050?
9 billion
Benefits of home gardens include:
A, B & C
Which of these was proposed as a possible trigger for the invention of agriculture?
A, B, & C
According to Feather Smith, Mother Nature never cooperates, and presents these challenges:
All of the above
Examples of invasive plant species include:
All of the above
Examples of invasive species include:
All of the above
Impacts of invasive plants on our environment include:
All of the above
It is estimated that historically Arkansas had over 1 million acres in tallgrass prairie, and possible much more.
All of the above
Site analysis includes:
All of the above
What makes a plant invasive?
All of the above
Which of the following is a unique characteristic of a Horticultural plant?
All of the above
Which of these traits is part of the Domestication Syndrome?
All of the above
Which types of plants flower, produce seed within a fruit, and are typically highly evolved?
Angiosperms
Which of the following locations is not one of the four main Centers of Crop Domestication?
Australia
Who or what was my roommate in Minnesota?
Bee
What insect has been used as farm labor to deliver bio-fungicides?
Bees
Historically, Ozark Chinquapin was an important tree to the Cherokee Nation, but was wiped out by this:
Blight
Community gardens:
Both A & B
Which is NOT a method of building healthy soils?
Bury a plastic bottle filled with fertilizer
What is the chemical compound that gives a pepper its fire?
Capsaicin
Currently, the world's hottest chili pepper at 2.48 million SHU is _____________.
Carolina reaper
What are the Three Sisters in Cherokee Nation lexicon?
Corn, beans, and squash grown together
In 1493 Columbus brought the first _______ back to the Old World when he returned from his second voyage.
Corn
Below are ecological and organic land care strategies to remove invasive plants except:
Cussing at it until it gets sad and leaves
The first public community gardens were established in 1897 in:
Detroit
Which of these foods was determined to be a part of the diet of Otzi, the 5300 year old mummy found in the Italian Alps?
Einkorn wheat
Which of these contains the lowest genetic diversity?
Elite cultivars
Habitat fragmentation encourages the presence of pollinators.
False
How we garden, and our gardening practices, have no effect on an ecosystem.
False
In photosynthesis, the plant uses sunlight, water, and oxygen to make food (carbohydrate) and carbon dioxide.
False
Invasive plants are easily eradictated from a landscape and pose no threat to an ecosystem.
False
Male honeybees collect food for the hive.
False
Materials used to install green roofs have not changed since they were orginally used in the Viking Ages.
False
Most of the important centers of crop domestication were located in rainforest biomes.
False
Soil health is not an important factor in organic land care.
False
Spaghetti with tomato-based marinara sauce was the foundation of most people diets in Ancient Rome.
False
Specialty crops are lower in value and have lower labor costs than row crops.
False
Ozark Green Roof installed a green roof on a public library in which NWA city?
Fayetteville
Which contains the reproductive organs of a plant?
Flower
What was missing in my yard the summer I had 6 beehives?
Flowers
When using binomial nomenclature to refer to a specific plant by its universal name, what 2 components are listed?
Genus and species
Substistence gardening is:
Growing food crops in order to meet the needs of the gardener; gardening to survive.
Which of the following types of green roofs has a thicker soil profile and can therefore grow plants with a deeper roof system?
Intensive
The green roof at Uptown Apartments is a MODULAR or BUILT UP green roof system?
Modular
Which 3 essential nutrients are most likely to limit plant growth and are included in most fertilizers?
Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium (N, P, K)
Which of the following reasons will allow a HORT 1103 student to make up a quiz that was missed?
None of the above
Green roofs were first used as a roofing material in what part of the world?
Northern Europe - Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Faroe Islands
Below are ways to reduce carbon emissions in gardening, except:
Ordering materials 3 states away because the price is 10% lower
Which of the following is a sustainable mulch?
Pine straw
Capsaicin is located in glands in what part of a chili fruit?
Placenta
Heat content in chili pepper is measured in:
Scoville Heat Units
Which is not considered one of the three major vegetative organs of a plant?
Seed
The caterpillars of which species of butterfly (of special concern in the US) were eating up my coneflowers?
Silvery checkerspot
What is the heaviest component of most green roofs and has a major impact on how well the plants will thrive?
Soil or growing medium
What are the 3 (three) missions of a Land Grant University, such as the University of Arkansas?
Teaching, Research, and Outreach
Which federal act of congress was passed in 1862 to provide funding to establish an agricultural college in every state?
The Morrill Act
What does the term 'Land Grant' refer to with regard to establishing an agricultural college?
The college was established from funds raised by selling federal lands
All chili peppers originated in the New World.
True
An Ethnobiologist is someone who studies the dynamic relationship between people and their environment.
True
Historically, members of the Cherokee Nation used American blanket flower for darts. Which plant do the use now?
Thistle
A good rule of thumb for identifying poison ivy is 'leaves of three, let it be.
True
According to Feather Smith, corn is easy to grow.
True
None of the worlds major staple crops were domesticated in what is now the United States.
True
Pollinated crops include almonds, coconut, and peppermint.
True
The Cherokee Nation was originally located in parts of Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia.
True
The Horticulture discipline includes Science, Technology, Business, Art, and Hobby.
True
The literal (etymological) meaning of Horticulture is to cultivate (care for) garden plants.
True
The majority of the UA Herbarium is metal cabinets, housing plant specimens, protecting the collection from insect and light damage.
True
The pH of substrate (soil or potting mix) is important because it affects whether essential nutrients like nitrogen, potassium, or iron in the substrate are soluble and available for uptake by plants.
True
The subspecies of elk that grazed Arkansas for millennia is now extinct.
True
There are county extension offices in all 75 counties in Arkansas.
True
What technology can be used to kill powdery mildew and gray mold in greenhouses and fields?
UV light
Fruit and vegetables are important sources of what?
Vitamins and minerals
Phototropism is:
What causes a plant to grow toward light
Examples of specialty crops are:
fruits, vegetables, and nuts