Plants people and you

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HORT 1103 Plants, People & You is an intensive, scientific study of horticulture and students are expected to have a strong background in botany and chemistry when taking this course.

False

Which one of the following is not an environmental benefit of green roofs?

Creating habitat for underground animals

Green Roofs provide more environmental benefits than trees and they should take priority over planting trees.

False

Green roofs are an example of hard engineering.

False

Green roofs require little to no maintenance.

False

The Arkansas Darter, a fish discovered at Wilson Springs in 1979, needs dark, cave-like habitat.

False

Vegetables gardens do well in heavily shaded areas because they are shielded from the sun.

False

Which of the following is NOT a horticultural crop?

Soybeans

Bacterial wilt affected which species of the three sisters?

Squash

Broccoli and cabbage are in the same plant family.

True

Bumble bees are social insects.

True

Butter or other food containing fats can neutralize capsaicin in the mouth.

True

Capsaicin evolved as a protective mechanism to discourage mammals from eating fruit.

True

Climate can effect heat levels in chili peppers.

True

Early agriculturists were taller and healthier than hunter-gatherers.

True

Examples of community gardens include church gardens, neighborhood gardens, and parks.

True

Flowers provide both protein and carbohydrates for pollinators.

True

Garden seed sales increased by >270% during the pandemic.

True

Garden soil should not be used when growing plants in containers (pots) because the soil will likely stay too wet.

True

Green mulch is an effective strategy to reduce weeds and hold soil in place.

True

High-performance liquid chromatography directly measures capsaicin content in chili peppers.

True

In ecological gardening, always observe and correctly identify insect damage and insects to determine if it is a pest or an important part of an ecosystem.

True

Jennifer Ogle is the Collections Manager at the UARK Herbarium, as well as being a published author.

True

Liberty Gardens in WWl, and Victory or Freedom Gardens in WWll, enabled and encouraged the population of the US to participate in the war effort.

True

Native bees can be ground and cavity dwellers.

True

The original purpose of the Cherokee Nation Seed Bank was genetic preservation of plants, which also provided food to tribe members (aka cultural preservation).

True

Chili pepper and black pepper come from the same plant.

False

Examples of abiotic stress include insect pests, dieases, and nematodes.

False

Gardening has been proven to increase osteroporsis in postmenopausal women.

False

Wilson Springs is a restored wetland behind Sam's Club in Fayetteville.

True

In big box stores like Lowe's and Walmart, home gardening makes up $_____/year in retail value.

25 billion

______% of American households planted a new garden during the pandemic.

26

There will be a 10 point quiz given after each HORT 1103 class section. How many of your lowest quiz scores will be dropped when calculating your final grade?

4

Robotic strawberry pickers are projected to replace how many harvest laborers?

30

How many species of native bees are there in the US?

4000

The global human population is expected to reach _____ by 2050?

9 billion

Benefits of home gardens include:

A, B & C

Which of these was proposed as a possible trigger for the invention of agriculture?

A, B, & C

According to Feather Smith, Mother Nature never cooperates, and presents these challenges:

All of the above

Examples of invasive plant species include:

All of the above

Examples of invasive species include:

All of the above

Impacts of invasive plants on our environment include:

All of the above

It is estimated that historically Arkansas had over 1 million acres in tallgrass prairie, and possible much more.

All of the above

Site analysis includes:

All of the above

What makes a plant invasive?

All of the above

Which of the following is a unique characteristic of a Horticultural plant?

All of the above

Which of these traits is part of the Domestication Syndrome?

All of the above

Which types of plants flower, produce seed within a fruit, and are typically highly evolved?

Angiosperms

Which of the following locations is not one of the four main Centers of Crop Domestication?

Australia

Who or what was my roommate in Minnesota?

Bee

What insect has been used as farm labor to deliver bio-fungicides?

Bees

Historically, Ozark Chinquapin was an important tree to the Cherokee Nation, but was wiped out by this:

Blight

Community gardens:

Both A & B

Which is NOT a method of building healthy soils?

Bury a plastic bottle filled with fertilizer

What is the chemical compound that gives a pepper its fire?

Capsaicin

Currently, the world's hottest chili pepper at 2.48 million SHU is _____________.

Carolina reaper

What are the Three Sisters in Cherokee Nation lexicon?

Corn, beans, and squash grown together

In 1493 Columbus brought the first _______ back to the Old World when he returned from his second voyage.

Corn

Below are ecological and organic land care strategies to remove invasive plants except:

Cussing at it until it gets sad and leaves

The first public community gardens were established in 1897 in:

Detroit

Which of these foods was determined to be a part of the diet of Otzi, the 5300 year old mummy found in the Italian Alps?

Einkorn wheat

Which of these contains the lowest genetic diversity?

Elite cultivars

Habitat fragmentation encourages the presence of pollinators.

False

How we garden, and our gardening practices, have no effect on an ecosystem.

False

In photosynthesis, the plant uses sunlight, water, and oxygen to make food (carbohydrate) and carbon dioxide.

False

Invasive plants are easily eradictated from a landscape and pose no threat to an ecosystem.

False

Male honeybees collect food for the hive.

False

Materials used to install green roofs have not changed since they were orginally used in the Viking Ages.

False

Most of the important centers of crop domestication were located in rainforest biomes.

False

Soil health is not an important factor in organic land care.

False

Spaghetti with tomato-based marinara sauce was the foundation of most people diets in Ancient Rome.

False

Specialty crops are lower in value and have lower labor costs than row crops.

False

Ozark Green Roof installed a green roof on a public library in which NWA city?

Fayetteville

Which contains the reproductive organs of a plant?

Flower

What was missing in my yard the summer I had 6 beehives?

Flowers

When using binomial nomenclature to refer to a specific plant by its universal name, what 2 components are listed?

Genus and species

Substistence gardening is:

Growing food crops in order to meet the needs of the gardener; gardening to survive.

Which of the following types of green roofs has a thicker soil profile and can therefore grow plants with a deeper roof system?

Intensive

The green roof at Uptown Apartments is a MODULAR or BUILT UP green roof system?

Modular

Which 3 essential nutrients are most likely to limit plant growth and are included in most fertilizers?

Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium (N, P, K)

Which of the following reasons will allow a HORT 1103 student to make up a quiz that was missed?

None of the above

Green roofs were first used as a roofing material in what part of the world?

Northern Europe - Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Faroe Islands

Below are ways to reduce carbon emissions in gardening, except:

Ordering materials 3 states away because the price is 10% lower

Which of the following is a sustainable mulch?

Pine straw

Capsaicin is located in glands in what part of a chili fruit?

Placenta

Heat content in chili pepper is measured in:

Scoville Heat Units

Which is not considered one of the three major vegetative organs of a plant?

Seed

The caterpillars of which species of butterfly (of special concern in the US) were eating up my coneflowers?

Silvery checkerspot

What is the heaviest component of most green roofs and has a major impact on how well the plants will thrive?

Soil or growing medium

What are the 3 (three) missions of a Land Grant University, such as the University of Arkansas?

Teaching, Research, and Outreach

Which federal act of congress was passed in 1862 to provide funding to establish an agricultural college in every state?

The Morrill Act

What does the term 'Land Grant' refer to with regard to establishing an agricultural college?

The college was established from funds raised by selling federal lands

All chili peppers originated in the New World.

True

An Ethnobiologist is someone who studies the dynamic relationship between people and their environment.

True

Historically, members of the Cherokee Nation used American blanket flower for darts. Which plant do the use now?

Thistle

A good rule of thumb for identifying poison ivy is 'leaves of three, let it be.

True

According to Feather Smith, corn is easy to grow.

True

None of the worlds major staple crops were domesticated in what is now the United States.

True

Pollinated crops include almonds, coconut, and peppermint.

True

The Cherokee Nation was originally located in parts of Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia.

True

The Horticulture discipline includes Science, Technology, Business, Art, and Hobby.

True

The literal (etymological) meaning of Horticulture is to cultivate (care for) garden plants.

True

The majority of the UA Herbarium is metal cabinets, housing plant specimens, protecting the collection from insect and light damage.

True

The pH of substrate (soil or potting mix) is important because it affects whether essential nutrients like nitrogen, potassium, or iron in the substrate are soluble and available for uptake by plants.

True

The subspecies of elk that grazed Arkansas for millennia is now extinct.

True

There are county extension offices in all 75 counties in Arkansas.

True

What technology can be used to kill powdery mildew and gray mold in greenhouses and fields?

UV light

Fruit and vegetables are important sources of what?

Vitamins and minerals

Phototropism is:

What causes a plant to grow toward light

Examples of specialty crops are:

fruits, vegetables, and nuts


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