POLS 1000 Exam 4 Review
In an attempt to make the black codes unconstitutional the __ amendment was passed which stated in part that no state could deprive any person of life liberty or property without due process of the law or deny any person equal protection of the law
14th
The 19th amendment, giving white women the right to vote was passed in what year?
1920
The black panther party was founded by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale in Oakland California in
1966
How many women currently sit on the Supreme Court?
3
There are more than __ indian reserves in the united states
300
How many times has the congress declared war
5 times
The United States spends how much on its military
711 billion
What is the lemon test
A 3 part test created by the Supreme Court for examining constitutionality of religious establishment issues
What is the definition of affirmative action
A policy of creating opportunities for members of certain groups as a substantive remedy for past discrimination
Which of the following statements best describes the constitutional right to privacy
A right to privacy is not spelled out clearly in the constitution but many people argue that the right is implied
The term "judicial __" refers to the view that courts should be lawmaking policy making bodies
Activism
Who was rosa parks
An African American civil rights activist. Part of the bus boycott in 1955
The impact of the pleasure v. Ferguson decision was to
Authorize the segregation of whites and blacks
The 1848 convention in Seneca falls New York signified the
Birth of the women's rights movement
In a comparison of the treatment of blacks and whites in the American justice system
Blacks are more likely to be arrested more likely to go to jail and get harsher sentences than whites
The 14th amendment attempted to guarantee what to former slaves
Citizenship rights
__ law regulates relations between individuals
Civil
The legal system that is applied uniformly and based on the accumulated rulings of judges over time is called the __ law tradition
Common
__ law establishes the basic powers of and limitations on governmental institutions and the interrelationship of governmental institutions.
Constitutional
Strict constructionists argue that there is no
Constitutionally protected right to privacy
__ prohibit specific behavior that the government believes to be harmful to the public; violation can lead to incarceration.
Criminal laws
In which country did Robert Williams first receive political asylum
Cuba
The USA patriot act enhances the government's ability to do what
Curtail specific search and seizure restrictions. -to spy -go through records -imprison without trial
__ discrimination arises from or is supported by law
De jure
Today the United States is the only western country to use which of the following to punish a crime?
Death penalty
While women have achieved a level of formal equality
Discrimination remains in the workplace and women are underrepresented in many areas of employment
Most Supreme Court justices have come from which type of background?
Elite white male Christian
What do proponents of the Guantanamo Bay detention facility call it's prisoners
Enemy combatants
The significance of Marbury v. Madison is that it
Established judicial review
In 2008 and 2010 the Supreme Court ruled that the second amendment
Establishes an individual right to bear arms
Who was the Chicago black panther party leader murdered by police on December 4, 1969
Fred Hampton
Women gained the right to vote by strategy of
Gaining the right to vote in states where they had support and expanding their support over time
Who was found guilty murdering the black teenager trayvon martin?
George Zimmerman
Who was the black panther party member who served 27 years in prison for a murder the FBI knew that he didn't commit
Geronimo Pratt
The right of an accused to be brought before a judge and informed of the charges and evidence against him or her is known as
Habeas corpus
What is the double jeopardy clause
It protects individuals from being tried two times for the same offense in the same jurisdiction
The 13th amendment bans slavery. When was it passed
January 31st, 1865
Which group received government reparations for world war 2 mistreatment?
Japanese Americans
What was the supreme court's decision in Lawrence v. Texas (2003)
Laws against sodomy between consenting adults in private are unconstitutional. (Against gays and lesbians)
What were black codes
Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves
Statistics demonstrate that Hispanics and African Americans earn
Less money than whites with the same level of education
Written defamation of character is known as
Libel
What is the difference between libel and slander
Libel is written defamatory statements, slander is a spoken defamatory statement
Who was the leading black nationalist leader of the 20th century
Marcus Garvey
How many times has the president deployed troops overseas
More than 125 times
Which of the following statements is true about the dual court system?
Most cases are heard in the state courts
One effect of casino gambling on reservations is that
Native Americans have achieved new financial prosperity by parlaying their status as semi-sovereign nations
The tax levied as a requirement for voting was the __ tax
Poll
Because of Chief Justice John marshall's ruling in Marbury v. Madison the
Power of the court vastly increased
Robert Williams fought against all of the following except
Racial integration
What did Jim Crow laws mandate
Racial segregation
__ refers to institutionalized power inequalities in society that are based on perceptions of racial differences
Racism
James Madison believed that individual citizens could not always be trusted to make decisions to control government and that the United States should set up a __ a government in which decisions are made through representatives of the people
Republic
Jim Crow laws were significant because they
Restricted rights of African Americans even after the passage of the 14th and 15th amendments
The power of the courts to determine the constitutionality of laws is called judicial
Review
What are habeas corpus rights
Right that prisoners have a right to know what charges are being made against them
Miranda rights include the right to which of the following
Right to an attorney, counsel, and to remain silent
Who led the Monroe NC branch of the NAACP during the 1950's
Robert Williams
Which Supreme Court case give women the right to have an abortion
Roe v. Wade (1973)
In brown v. Board of education the Supreme Court ruled unanimously that
Segregated schools were inherently unequal because the very fact of segregation made blacks feel unequal
__ describes the process of applying the bill of rights to the states on a case by case basis
Selective incorporation
The major impact of the brown v. Board of education decision was that it
Served as a catalyst for the civil rights movement
Laws whose actual content defines what we can and cannot legally do are __ laws.
Substantive
The rule of four refers to the number of
Supreme Court justices who must agree to grant a case certiorari in order for the case to be heard
The difference between civil rights and civil liberties is
That civil rights involve government action to secure rights of citizenship while civil liberties involve individual freedoms that limit the power of government
The establishment clause guarantees
That government will not create and support an official state church
What did the Supreme Court decide in korematsu v. United States (1944)
The need to protect against espionage outweighed man's rights
What happened to the Japanese Americans during world war 2
They were imprisoned in internment camps
The founders purposely left the powers of the courts ambiguous
To make it easier to ratify the constitution
Who was the most important black founder of the NAACP
W.E.B Du Bois
What was the primary focus at the 1848 Seneca falls convention
Women's rights