POLS 1101

Which theory states that "the legislator's role as a ''representative'' is simply to reflect constituents' wishes"?

Delegate

Homeowners' tax deductions and veterans' benefits are considered ____________ policies.

Distributive

It is hard to get rid of the filibuster because

both Republicans and Democrats want the opportunity to use it when they are in the minority.

Election campaigns changed during the twentieth century in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

candidates took control of the nomination process away from the party organization

All of the following are instruments of public policy that government can legitimately use to influence citizens' behavior EXCEPT:

censorship

A President may claim a Presidential mandate to carry out a certain policy based on his

election

What can never run out of money?

entitlement programs

Which of the following is NOT an example of a federal question?

a case involving vehicular homicide

What is LEAST likely to legitimate a proposal?

a study published by a think tank relating to the proposal

When looking at an electoral map Republican states are shown in ________ while Democratic states are shown in _________.

Red, Blue

Entitlement programs such as Medicare and food stamps are known as ____________ policies.

Redistributive

Policies that seek to limit or control the actions of individuals or groups are considered ____________ policies.

Regulatory

Fictitious State A has 15 representatives in the House of Representatives based on its population. How many electoral votes does State A have?

17

______ is an example of influencing compliance with a public policy by imposing fines as the consequence of disobedience to public policies.

A Speeding Ticket

What is/are the implication(s) of political culture?

A sense of patriotism and support for the government

Voting rights are considered ________________________________.

Civil Liberties

______ include all of the freedoms and protections provided by the Constitution of the United States—those found in the Bill of Rights as well as other parts of the Constitution while ______ are the rights of individuals to be free of discriminatory treatment, both public and private, based on such characteristics as race, national origin, or gender.

Civil Liberties / Civil Rights

The U.S. Supreme Court rules that an act of Congress is unconstitutional. How might that decision be overturned?

Congress and the states could amend the Constitution.

What does the Rules Committee do in the House of Representatives?

Construct rules on proposal structures for bills that are submitted to the House

Which of the following policy actors contribute to formation of policy proposals?

Employees of the executive branch Interest groups Think tanks

The Lemon test is used to

Ensure there is no excessive entanglement of government and religion.

True or false, Executive privilege is clearly addressed in the Constitution.

False

True or false, a simple majority is needed to end a filibuster in the Senate.

False

True or false, any case involving one of the states and the United States government falls under appellate jurisdiction.

False

True or false, good and legitimate policies are free from unanticipated consequences.

False

True or false, the majority of Supreme Court judges votes are needed to place a case on the docket.

False

True or false, the practice of gerrymandering effects both houses of Congress equally.

False

True or false, "Presidents have also long entered into agreements expressly authorized either before or after the fact by majority vote in both the House and the Senate. These so-called congressional-executive agreements are now the standard route for trade agreements".

True

What step of how public policy is made is where execution and results of a policy will be evaluated to determine whether the policy is beneficial and the execution is effective?

Evaluation

The _________________________ is considered closer to the public due to the homogeneous nature of their constituent base and fewer number of constituents per representative while members of the _________________________________________ represent their entire state.

House of Representatives, Senate

True or false, executive actions are sometimes derogatorily referred to as "legislating by executive order" — basically, what a president does when Congress won't comply with his wishes.

True

Which theory states that a representative's role is "to use their knowledge to do what is best for their constituents, regardless of what the constituents say"?

Trustee

Which of the following is the most common form of political participation?

Voting

What model of public policy is used most often and is essentially the previous year's policy with small modifications made to it?

Incrementalism Model

Judicial activism

Is closely identified with the Warren Court Views the Supreme Court as an active participant in shaping government policy May result in conservatives as well as liberal positions

If a bill is not supported in subcommittee or committee, what happens to it?

It dies

What did the case Marbury v Madison (1803) establish?

Judicial Review

Someone who believes that judges should stick close to the literal meaning of the words in the Constitution is an advocate of which of the following?

Judicial restraint

Which of the following gives legal force to a policy that is created and is essential for effective policy execution?

Legitimation of Proposals

You learn that a new state program has come into existence that offers families with children in private religious schools grants to use for the purchase of school uniforms. Being a tax-paying public school parent and an atheist, you don't like it. Which case will the attorney you hire to look into this matter likely consult in planning her inquiry and possible lawsuit?

Lemon v. Kurtzman

Which of the following voided artificial barriers to voting, such as literacy tests that many southern states required potential voters to pass?

Voting Rights Act of 1965

When the Bill of Rights was initially added to the Constitution, it applied to which of the following levels of government?

National government only

How many Justices were included on the dissenting opinion in Brown v. Board of Education?

None

What model of public policy uses a cost benefit analysis?

Rationalism Model

A court that conducts the trial of a case‑‑i.e., that is the first court to hear the case‑‑is said to have which of the following?

Original jurisdiction

What position title is used for a partisan leader of Congress that links the party leadership to the rank and file and where formally known as "assistant floor leaders"?

Party Whips

What was the name of the 1896 Supreme Court case that declared racially segregated "separate-but-equal" public facilities to be permissible under the Constitution?

Plessy v. Ferguson

What are the benefits of using the Seniority System for committee assignment and committee leadership in Congress?

Promote continuity and legislative expertise by rewarding members for remaining in Congress, Promotes expertise by putting in charge those who have spent the most time on a particular committee, Helps avoid leadership fights

What is defined as "official government decisions?"

Public Policy

The job of confirming presidential appointments belongs to the

Senate

What position in the House of Representatives makes committee assignments and presides over floor debate?

Speaker of the House

The ________ System was characterized by corruption, inefficiency, and gaining a job based upon political loyalty, while the _____ System was based upon fairness, professionalism, and getting a job based upon ability, education, and skill

Spoils/Merit

Which of the following models of public policy involves the iron triangle?

Sub-Government Model

What positions are appointed by the President?

Supreme Courts Justices, Cabinet Heads, and Ambassadors

In practical terms, who select(s) the speaker of the House of Representatives?

The House majority caucus

Which of the following is NOT one of the checks and balances that Congress can use in relation to the executive branch?

The power to veto acts of the president

Which of the following presidential actions does not require Senate ratification or confirmation?

The president negotiates an executive agreement with Japan to increase agricultural imports to that country.

At which step in the six-step policy process model might comments made in a State of the Union address most likely appear?

agenda setting

All of the following are ways in which federal courts can become entangled with state courts EXCEPT:

an appeal from a state's highest court to federal circuit court

Because of the Electoral College, presidential candidates generally spend most of their time and resources in

competitive states, especially large ones

Because of the Electoral College, presidential candidates generally spend most of their time and resources in

competitive states, especially large ones.

PAC money is directed primarily toward

congressional incumbents

Before the BCRA of 2002, soft money...

could fund ads with candidate images and names

Congress is

less likely to engage in oversight when the presidency and Congress are controlled by the same party.

When it comes to interest groups, how is wealth generally transferred?

from the middle- and lower-classes to the upper-class

The major disagreement among Americans on the ideological economic dimension is over

how much the government should become involved in modifying the effects of the free market.

At which step in the six-step policy process model does the Executive Branch become responsible for administering a policy?

implementation

Citizens view Congress with

increasing disapproval for Congress as a whole but continued approval individual representatives and senators.

Which model of public policy guides the federal budgeting process?

incrementalism model

All of the following are TRUE regarding the right to privacy EXCEPT:

is closely connected to the Tenth Amendment

The number of representatives with voting privileges in the House of Representatives

is currently set at 435 members.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding judicial activism and judicial restraint?

judicial activism attempts to correct the vagaries of the Constitution

Ingredients of public policies for the U.S. government might come from all of the following EXCEPT:

law journals

Regarding statutory interpretation, __________ is very important to the Supreme Court.

legislative intent

All of the following comparisons between the House and the Senate are true EXCEPT

members of the House and Senate have always been chosen by the public.

The founders hoped that the Senate would be __________ the House of Representatives.

more stable than

The fundamental difference between most private bureaucracies and public bureaucracies is that

most private bureaucracies have the explicit goal of making money, so accountability is straightforward.

Political socialization exists in all cultures and is crucial for the continuation of __________.

national identity

All of the following are components of the "three-part structure" of political parties EXCEPT:

party in law

The term "iron triangles" refers to the

phenomenon of members of interest groups, congress, and governmental agencies (bureaucracies) cooperating for mutual benefit.

How are political parties different from interest groups?

political parties seek to run the government

Schools tend to promote a __________-centered view of American government.

president

The ruling in Roe v. Wade was based on the right to

privacy

The reallocation of congressional seats among the states every ten years, following the census, is known as

reapportionment

If Americans wanted Congress to quit creating pork barrel projects, they would have to

reward their representatives more for engaging in national lawmaking and less for acts of representation

What role did Alexis de Tocqueville believe clubs and associations played in early American society?

schools

It is important for a member of Congress to

serve on committees that deal with constituent issues.

The major impact of the Brown v. Board of Education decision was that it

served as a catalyst for the civil rights movement.

The Supreme Court has interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment to

strike down racial segregation in the states.

Realignment refers to a

substantial and long-term shift in party allegiance by individuals and groups, usually resulting in a change in policy direction or a new party system

Interest groups...

tend to focus on specific areas

The source of authority cited by the Supreme Court for applying the Bill of Rights to the states is

the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution.

Elections could be said to represent bargains. What is exchanged?

the citizens' right to participate in government for legitimacy and stability

The White House staff and the president's cabinet often conflict because

the staff serve the president's interests, while cabinet members seek support for their policy initiatives.

One reason dissenting opinions are significant is

they may have a lasting impact if the Court later changes its mind.

Judicial activism has become an important political issue because

when judges engage in judicial activism, it is an indication that they are above politics.

Most of the hard work of considering legislative alternatives and drafting legislation occurs

within congressional standing committees.