Practicum #1

Chondrocytes

cartilage cells

Fibrocartilage

cartilage that contains fibrous bundles of collagen, such as that of the intervertebral disks in the spinal cord.

elastic cartilage

cartilage with abundant elastic fibers; more flexible than hyaline cartilage

What are the four types of connective tissue ?

connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, blood

Saggital

divides body into left and right

transitional epithelium (urinary bladder)

function: stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine Location: lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra

psudostratified columnar epithelium ( collated trachea)

lines the nasal cavities and moves substances over the epithelial surface.

superficial

near the surface

Frontal

pertaining to the forehead

GI Joe is working on his third set of thirty push-ups. Which best describes the position he is in?

prone

adipose connective tissue

provides insulation for the body

Erythrocytes

red blood cells, carry oxygen

Fibrocytes

second most abundant cell type; found in all connective tissue proper; maintain the fibers of connective tissue proper

urinary system

Cleanses the blood. Rids the body of wastes. Maintains salt and water balance.

Proximal

Closer to the point of attachment

reticular connective tissue

Connective tissue that contains reticular fibers and cells; used to make the framework of major organs

endocrine system

Consists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing hormones.

integumentary system

Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail

nervous system

stimulates muscles to contract and interprets information from sensory units

The skin is __________ to the muscles.

superficial

loose connective tissue

surrounds various organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels

stratum basale

the deepest layer of the epidermis consisting of stem cells capable of undergoing cell division to form new cells

lymphatic system

the network of vessels through which lymph drains from the tissues into the blood.

Posterior (dorsal)

toward the back

Anterior (ventral)

toward the front

Medial

toward the midline

Medial means

toward the midline

skeletal muscle tissue

type of voluntary muscle tissue in muscles attached to bones

Transverse

Divides body into upper and lower parts

What is the anatomical position?

Facing forward, palms facing forward, supine.

simple columnar epithelium

Function: Absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by ciliated action. Location: nonciliated type lines most of the digestive tract (stomach to anal canal), gallbladder and excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus.

simple squamous epithelium (lining of peritoneal cavity)

Function: Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae. Location: Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels; lining of ventral body cavity(serosae)

dense irregular connective (deep dermis)

Function: able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides stuctural strength. Location: Fibrous capsules of organs and of joints; dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract.

dense regular connective tissue

Function: attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction Location: tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses

dense regular connective tissue (Elastic ligament)

Function: attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction Location: tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses

stratified cuboidal epithelium

Function: protection Location: Largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands.

stratified columnar epithelium

Function: protection and secretion Location: rare in the body; small amounts in male urethra and in large ducts of some glands

stratified squamous epithelium (surface of tongue)

Function: protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion Location: nonkeratinized type forms the moist lining of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina; keratinized type forms the epidermis of the skin, a dry membrane.

simple cuboidal epithelium

Function: secretion and absorption Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.

compact bone

Hard and dense, but not solid, bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone.

Neurolgia

Helper cells that support and nourish the neurons

smooth muscle tissue

In the walls of internal organs; usually involuntarily controlled

Nerouns

Individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate, and transmit information.

smooth muscle tissue

Involuntary muscle is found in the intestines where it pushes food along the digestive tract. Also found in arteries and veins.

cardiac muscle

Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.

Inferior

Lower on the body, farther from the head

skeletal system

Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to support movement. Made up of bones and joints

reproductive system

Reproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells (oocytes)

Which of the following statements is true?

The hip is proximal to the knee

cardiovascular system

The transport system of the body responsible for carrying oxygen and nutrients to the body and carrying away carbon dioxide and other wastes; composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Supierior( Cranial)

Toward the head

Osteocytes

a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has secreted.

stratum lucidum

a layer of the epidermis found only in the thick skin of the fingers, palms, and soles

respiratory system

A system of organs, functioning in the process of gas exchange between the body and the environment, consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

Muscular System

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat.

Mrs.jones is walking towards you. You are looking at her from an __________ view?

Anterior

deep

Away from the body surface; more internal

hyline cartilage

Bluish-white, glassy color and smooth and found on articulating surfaces of bones, costal cartilage of ribs, larynx, trachea, bronchial passageway (hyalos = glass)

digestive system

Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells.

Lateral

away from the midline

Distal

away from the point of attachment