Practicum #1
Chondrocytes
cartilage cells
Fibrocartilage
cartilage that contains fibrous bundles of collagen, such as that of the intervertebral disks in the spinal cord.
elastic cartilage
cartilage with abundant elastic fibers; more flexible than hyaline cartilage
What are the four types of connective tissue ?
connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, blood
Saggital
divides body into left and right
transitional epithelium (urinary bladder)
function: stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine Location: lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra
psudostratified columnar epithelium ( collated trachea)
lines the nasal cavities and moves substances over the epithelial surface.
superficial
near the surface
Frontal
pertaining to the forehead
GI Joe is working on his third set of thirty push-ups. Which best describes the position he is in?
prone
adipose connective tissue
provides insulation for the body
Erythrocytes
red blood cells, carry oxygen
Fibrocytes
second most abundant cell type; found in all connective tissue proper; maintain the fibers of connective tissue proper
urinary system
Cleanses the blood. Rids the body of wastes. Maintains salt and water balance.
Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment
reticular connective tissue
Connective tissue that contains reticular fibers and cells; used to make the framework of major organs
endocrine system
Consists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing hormones.
integumentary system
Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail
nervous system
stimulates muscles to contract and interprets information from sensory units
The skin is __________ to the muscles.
superficial
loose connective tissue
surrounds various organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels
stratum basale
the deepest layer of the epidermis consisting of stem cells capable of undergoing cell division to form new cells
lymphatic system
the network of vessels through which lymph drains from the tissues into the blood.
Posterior (dorsal)
toward the back
Anterior (ventral)
toward the front
Medial
toward the midline
Medial means
toward the midline
skeletal muscle tissue
type of voluntary muscle tissue in muscles attached to bones
Transverse
Divides body into upper and lower parts
What is the anatomical position?
Facing forward, palms facing forward, supine.
simple columnar epithelium
Function: Absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by ciliated action. Location: nonciliated type lines most of the digestive tract (stomach to anal canal), gallbladder and excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus.
simple squamous epithelium (lining of peritoneal cavity)
Function: Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae. Location: Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels; lining of ventral body cavity(serosae)
dense irregular connective (deep dermis)
Function: able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides stuctural strength. Location: Fibrous capsules of organs and of joints; dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract.
dense regular connective tissue
Function: attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction Location: tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses
dense regular connective tissue (Elastic ligament)
Function: attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction Location: tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses
stratified cuboidal epithelium
Function: protection Location: Largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands.
stratified columnar epithelium
Function: protection and secretion Location: rare in the body; small amounts in male urethra and in large ducts of some glands
stratified squamous epithelium (surface of tongue)
Function: protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion Location: nonkeratinized type forms the moist lining of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina; keratinized type forms the epidermis of the skin, a dry membrane.
simple cuboidal epithelium
Function: secretion and absorption Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.
compact bone
Hard and dense, but not solid, bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone.
Neurolgia
Helper cells that support and nourish the neurons
smooth muscle tissue
In the walls of internal organs; usually involuntarily controlled
Nerouns
Individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate, and transmit information.
smooth muscle tissue
Involuntary muscle is found in the intestines where it pushes food along the digestive tract. Also found in arteries and veins.
cardiac muscle
Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.
Inferior
Lower on the body, farther from the head
skeletal system
Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to support movement. Made up of bones and joints
reproductive system
Reproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells (oocytes)
Which of the following statements is true?
The hip is proximal to the knee
cardiovascular system
The transport system of the body responsible for carrying oxygen and nutrients to the body and carrying away carbon dioxide and other wastes; composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
Supierior( Cranial)
Toward the head
Osteocytes
a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has secreted.
stratum lucidum
a layer of the epidermis found only in the thick skin of the fingers, palms, and soles
respiratory system
A system of organs, functioning in the process of gas exchange between the body and the environment, consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
Muscular System
Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat.
Mrs.jones is walking towards you. You are looking at her from an __________ view?
Anterior
deep
Away from the body surface; more internal
hyline cartilage
Bluish-white, glassy color and smooth and found on articulating surfaces of bones, costal cartilage of ribs, larynx, trachea, bronchial passageway (hyalos = glass)
digestive system
Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells.
Lateral
away from the midline
Distal
away from the point of attachment