Programming & Logic Essentials Study Guide

Which term describes a series of zeros and ones that represent the basic unit of data that a computer processes?

Byte

Which type of language is translated entirely into machine language before use?

Compiled

A set of instruction that tells a computer what to do to accomplish a particular task?

Computer Program

What is the process that a programmer uses to identify errors and make corrections to a program that does not perform the way it was intended or produces incorrect results?

Debugging

Katherine is creating a computer program that will allow the cursor to jump to a different location when the mouse is clicked on a certain image. Which programming component should Katherine use to tell the program what to do when the mouse is clicked on the image?

Event Handler

When a computer is performing the instructions contained in a program, it is called...

Executing

Variables can hold different types of data, and they are classified based on the type of data they hold. The numbers 7.5, 2.1, & 48.6 would be stored using which variable data type?

Floating Point

What is the term for a graphical diagram that uses symbols to represent the steps contained in a program?

Flow chart

A type of programming language that contains English words or phrases as well as easily recognized symbols.

High-Level Language

Which operator is an example of a Boolean operator?

II (True/False)

What is the first step for creating an algorithm to solve a problem?

Identify & understand the problem

List the problem solving steps in the correct order.

Identify & understand the problem, Use logic to plan a solution to the problem, Create the procedures needed to execute the solution, & Test & refine the solution.

What is a term that describes the loop control structure that continues repeating without a terminating condition?

Infinite Loop

Candida has added the variable names needed by her program. She must now ASSIGN A VALUE to each variable. What is the term for assigning this initial value?

Initializing

Eric is using object-oriented programming to design a game. He has created a dragon class, and he has used the dragon class to build two dragon objects. Which term describes the objects that Eric built using the dragon class?

Instances

Which control structure includes the "do/while" statement?

Loop

Which programming structure does a "while" statement fall under?

Loop

What is the only language a computer can understand?

Machine Language

A way of writing the details of algorithm steps in English using short phrases to describe the project outline.

Pseudocode

To focus on the logic and make refinements to a program before translating it into programming language, a programmer often creates an outline of the program's algorithm. What is the term for this type of outline?

Pseudocode

Veronica has written a computer program that locates records in a database. During testing, the program suddenly stops running. What is most likely causing the program to stop running?

Runtime Error

Consider the following: Input a number; Check to see if the number ends in 0, 2, 4, 6,or 8?; If yes, write "The number is even."; If no, write "The number is odd." This is an example of which type of control structure?

Selection

Which control structure will execute an instruction only after the computer evaluates conditions to determine if a certain condition exists?

Selection

Which type of programming structure requires each instruction to be performed in order, with no possibility of skipping an action or branching off to another action?

Sequence

What are the three main programming structures?

Sequence (in order), Selection (decision), Loop (continuous)

Consider the following: Input a number; Check to see if the number ends in 0, 2, 4, 6,or 8?; If yes, write "The number is even."; If no, write "The number is odd." Which programming approach is being used?

Structured- it is divided into smaller, easier steps.

What type of error occurs when a programmer misspells a word or instruction?

Syntax Error

How is structured programming similar to a recipe?

The steps must be performed in a certain order to produce a proper result.

True or False: Objects created using the same class MUST contain the same properties; however, the PROPERTIES MAY contain different VALUES.

True

Devising a plan to solve a problem or perform a task using a set of step-by-step instructions is called...

Writing an algorithm