PSY 200 Ch 5

If people score high on one measure and also score high on another measure, there is 1 a positive relationship between the two measures. 2 a negative relationship between the two measures. 3 no relationship between the two measures. 4 a cause-and-effect relationship between the two measures.

1 a positive relationship between the two measures.

You develop a new measure of self-efficacy and you find that people who score high on your measure also score high on a standardized measure of self-efficacy. You have demonstrated 1 concurrent validity. 2 divergent validity. 3 predictive validity. 4 reliability.

1 concurrent validity.

The behavior observed in a research study may be very different from behavior in normal circumstances because the participants modify their behavior when they know that they are being studied. This problem is known as 1 reactivity. 2 novelty. 3 experimenter bias. 4 volunteerism.

1 reactivity.

Suppose a researcher wants to evaluate a self-esteem program by measuring students' self-esteem before and after a self-esteem program is administered. If all of the students score very high in self-esteem before the program begins, then the measurement procedure has a sensitivity problem known as 1 a floor effect. 2 a ceiling effect. 3 a hypersensitive effect. 4 a hyposensitive effect.

2 a ceiling effect.

If people score high on one measure and score low on another measure, there is 1 a positive relationship between the two measures. 2 a negative relationship between the two measures. 3 no relationship between the two measures. 4 a cause-and-effect relationship between the two measures.

2 a negative relationship between the two measures.

A measurement procedure is valid if it 1 produces measurements that are stable and consistent. 2 measures what you intend it to measure. 3 produces measurements that make sense. 4 produces measurements that are obvious.

2 measures what you intend it to measure.

Using number of facial smiles in a 60-second period as a definition and a measurement of happiness is an example of ________ happiness. 1 validating 2 operationalizing 3 desynchronizing 4 sensitizing

2 operationalizing

Using letter grades (A, B, C, D, and F) to classify student performance on an exam is an example of measurement on a(n) _______ scale of measurement. 1 nominal 2 ordinal 3 interval 4 ratio

2 ordinal

Participants taking on the negativistic subject role are participants who 1 are concerned that their performance in the study will be used to evaluate them. 2 try to act so that their data are in contrast to the hypothesis. 3 try to act so that their data are consistent with the hypothesis. 4 try to avoid acting on the basis of their suspicions.

2 try to act so that their data are in contrast to the hypothesis.

Counting the number of people who smile at a baby in a stroller as they pass by is an example of a ________ measure. 1 self-report 2 survey 3 behavioral 4 physiological

3 behavioral

You develop a new measure of honesty and other researchers agree that it looks like an appropriate way to measure honesty. You have demonstrated 1 concurrent validity. 2 discriminate validity. 3 face validity. 4 reliability.

3 face validity.

It is possible for psychologists to study variables such as hunger, motivation, and self-esteem because these variables can be measured by 1 hypothetical constructs. 2 interval or ratio scales. 3 operational definitions. 4 participant reactivity.

3 operational definitions.

A strategy for reducing experimenter bias is to 1 standardize the experiment. 2 use a "blind" experiment. 3 standardize the experiment and use a "blind" experiment. 4 none of the above

3 standardize the experiment and use a "blind" experiment.

Establishing the reliability of a measurement procedure by using the procedure to measure the same individuals twice and comparing the two sets of scores is known as 1 split-half reliability. 2 internal reliability. 3 test-retest reliability. 4 inter-rater reliability.

3 test-retest reliability.

One measurement concern is that 1 the measurement may not be an accurate reflection of the 2 construct. the measurement may leave out important components of the construct. 3 the measurement may include extra components that are not part of the construct. 4 All of the other options are concerns.

4 All of the other options are concerns.

Artifacts 1 distort measurement. 2 threaten validity of measures. 3 threaten reliability of measures. 4 all of the above

4 all of the above

A variable such as intelligence that cannot be seen or measured directly is know as a(n) 1 theory. 2 theoretical variable. 3 operational variable. 4 construct.

4 construct.

What kind of validity requires that a researcher create two different measures of the same variable? 1 face 2 predictive 3 concurrent 4 convergent

4 convergent

Cues given to the participants about how they are expected to behave is the definition of 1 experimenter bias. 2 volunteer bias. 3 reactivity. 4 demand characteristics.

4 demand characteristics.

A researcher developed a new intelligence test for elementary school children. However, the researcher fears that the scores from the test may actually be measuring the children's reading ability. To show that the test is really measuring intelligence and not reading ability, the researcher must demonstrate ________ validity. 1 face 2 concurrent 3 convergent 4 divergent

4 divergent

Two observers record similar measurements of behavior for a group of children they are watching. The researchers have established what kind reliability? 1 split-half reliability 2 internal reliability 3 test-retest reliability 4 inter-rater reliability

4 inter-rater reliability

An EEG, heart rate, and brain activity are all examples of ________ measures. 1 self-report 2 survey 3 behavioral 4 physiological

4 physiological

After measuring a set of individuals, a researcher finds that Bob's score is three times greater than Jane's score. These measurements must come from a(n) ________ scale. 1 nominal 2 ordinal 3 interval 4 ratio

4 ratio

Determining a person's reaction time (in milliseconds) would involve measurement on a(n) _____ scale of measurement. 1 nominal 2 ordinal 3 interval 4 ratio

4 ratio

A(n) ________ measure produces similar results when the same individuals are measured under identical conditions. 1 valid 2 accurate 3 good 4 reliable

4 reliable